feat: add ListObjects method & relevant e2e tests

Co-authored-by: hashicorp-copywrite[bot] <110428419+hashicorp-copywrite[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/pull_request_template.md

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+## PCI review checklist
+
+<!-- heimdall_github_prtemplate:grc-pci_dss-2024-01-05 -->
+
+- [ ] I have documented a clear reason for, and description of, the change I am making.
+
+- [ ] If applicable, I've documented a plan to revert these changes if they require more than reverting the pull request.
+
+- [ ] If applicable, I've documented the impact of any changes to security controls.
+
+  Examples of changes to security controls include using new access control methods, adding or removing logging pipelines, etc.

.gitignore

@@ -4,3 +4,12 @@ plan.tfplan
 *.log
 *.out
 *.html
+
+# IntelliJ IDEA project files
+.idea
+*.iprg
+
+.DS_Store
+
+.env
+.envrc

CODEOWNERS

@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 # These owners will be the default owners for everything in
 # the repo, unless a later match takes precedence.
 
-@hashicorp/boundary
+* @hashicorp/boundary
-

LICENSE

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Copyright (c) 2021 HashiCorp, Inc.
+Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 
 Mozilla Public License Version 2.0
 ==================================

go.mod

@@ -1,66 +1,69 @@
 module github.com/hashicorp/boundary-plugin-aws
 
-go 1.21
+go 1.25.7
 
 require (
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.20.1
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.41.7
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ec2 v1.99.0
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ec2 v1.254.0
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/iam v1.22.2
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/iam v1.47.6
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3 v1.38.2
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3 v1.101.0
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.21.2
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts v1.38.5
-	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.14.1
+	github.com/aws/smithy-go v1.25.1
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.6.0
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.7.0
-	github.com/google/uuid v1.4.0
+	github.com/google/uuid v1.6.0
-	github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk v0.0.43-0.20240717182311-a20aae98794a
+	github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk v0.0.59
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror v1.1.1
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/awsutil/v2 v2.0.0
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/awsutil/v2 v2.1.2
-	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-json v0.14.0
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/parseutil v0.2.0
+	github.com/hashicorp/terraform-json v0.23.0
 	github.com/mitchellh/mapstructure v1.5.0
-	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.8.4
+	github.com/stretchr/testify v1.11.1
-	google.golang.org/grpc v1.61.0
+	google.golang.org/grpc v1.79.3
-	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.33.0
+	google.golang.org/protobuf v1.36.11
 )
 
 require (
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.4.12 // indirect
+	github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v15 v15.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.18.33 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.7.10 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.13.32 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.28.5 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/ec2/imds v1.13.8 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.17.46 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.1.38 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/ec2/imds v1.16.20 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.4.32 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.4.23 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/ini v1.3.39 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.7.23 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/v4a v1.1.1 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/ini v1.8.1 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/accept-encoding v1.9.13 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/v4a v1.4.24 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/checksum v1.1.33 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/accept-encoding v1.13.9 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/presigned-url v1.9.32 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/checksum v1.9.15 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/s3shared v1.15.1 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/presigned-url v1.13.23 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sso v1.13.2 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/s3shared v1.19.23 // indirect
-	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ssooidc v1.15.2 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sso v1.24.6 // indirect
+	github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ssooidc v1.28.5 // indirect
 	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
-	github.com/fatih/color v1.15.0 // indirect
+	github.com/fatih/color v1.18.0 // indirect
-	github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.3 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/errwrap v1.1.0 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/eventlogger v0.2.6-0.20231025104552-802587e608f0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/eventlogger v0.2.11 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/eventlogger/filters/encrypt v0.1.8-0.20231025104552-802587e608f0 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-cleanhttp v0.5.2 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-hclog v1.6.3 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-kms-wrapping/v2 v2.0.14 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-kms-wrapping/v2 v2.0.20 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/strutil v0.1.2 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-sockaddr v1.0.7 // indirect
 	github.com/hashicorp/go-uuid v1.0.3 // indirect
-	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.5.0 // indirect
+	github.com/hashicorp/go-version v1.7.0 // indirect
-	github.com/jmespath/go-jmespath v0.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.13 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-colorable v0.1.14 // indirect
-	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.19 // indirect
+	github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.20 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/copystructure v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/pointerstructure v1.2.1 // indirect
 	github.com/mitchellh/reflectwalk v1.0.2 // indirect
 	github.com/pmezard/go-difflib v1.0.0 // indirect
-	github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.10.0 // indirect
+	github.com/ryanuber/go-glob v1.0.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/crypto v0.18.0 // indirect
+	github.com/zclconf/go-cty v1.15.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/net v0.20.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/crypto v0.48.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/sys v0.16.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/net v0.49.0 // indirect
-	golang.org/x/text v0.14.0 // indirect
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.41.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto v0.0.0-20240116215550-a9fa1716bcac // indirect
+	golang.org/x/text v0.34.0 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20240125205218-1f4bbc51befe // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/api v0.0.0-20260209200024-4cfbd4190f57 // indirect
-	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20240125205218-1f4bbc51befe // indirect
+	google.golang.org/genproto/googleapis/rpc v0.0.0-20260209200024-4cfbd4190f57 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.1 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -4,168 +4,168 @@ github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.0 h1:3MEsd0SM6jqZojhjLWWeBY+Kcjy9i6MQAeY7Y
 github.com/Masterminds/semver/v3 v3.2.0/go.mod h1:qvl/7zhW3nngYb5+80sSMF+FG2BjYrf8m9wsX0PNOMQ=
 github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3 h1:eL2fZNezLomi0uOLqjQoN6BfsDD+fyLtgbJMAj9n6YA=
 github.com/Masterminds/sprig/v3 v3.2.3/go.mod h1:rXcFaZ2zZbLRJv/xSysmlgIM1u11eBaRMhvYXJNkGuM=
-github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg v1.0.0/go.mod h1:z96Txxhf3xSFMPmb5X/1W05FF/Nj9VFpLOpjS5yuumk=
+github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v15 v15.0.0 h1:uYvfpb3DyLSCGWnctWKGj857c6ew1u1fNQOlOtuGxQY=
-github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v13 v13.0.0/go.mod h1:ZK2fH7c4NqDTLtiYLvIkEghdlcqw7yxLeM89kiTRPUo=
+github.com/apparentlymart/go-textseg/v15 v15.0.0/go.mod h1:K8XmNZdhEBkdlyDdvbmmsvpAG721bKi0joRfFdHIWJ4=
 github.com/armon/go-radix v1.0.0 h1:F4z6KzEeeQIMeLFa97iZU6vupzoecKdU5TX24SNppXI=
 github.com/armon/go-radix v1.0.0/go.mod h1:ufUuZ+zHj4x4TnLV4JWEpy2hxWSpsRywHrMgIH9cCH8=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.18.0/go.mod h1:uzbQtefpm44goOPmdKyAlXSNcwlRgF3ePWVW6EtJvvw=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.39.1 h1:fWZhGAwVRK/fAN2tmt7ilH4PPAE11rDj7HytrmbZ2FE=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.20.1 h1:rZBf5DWr7YGrnlTK4kgDQGn1ltqOg5orCYb/UhOFZkg=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.39.1/go.mod h1:sDioUELIUO9Znk23YVmIk86/9DOpkbyyVb1i/gUNFXY=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.20.1/go.mod h1:NU06lETsFm8fUC6ZjhgDpVBcGZTFQ6XM+LZWZxMI4ac=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.41.7 h1:DWpAJt66FmnnaRIOT/8ASTucrvuDPZASqhhLey6tLY8=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.4.12 h1:lN6L3LrYHeZ6xCxaIYtoWCx4GMLk4nRknsh29OMSqHY=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2 v1.41.7/go.mod h1:4LAfZOPHNVNQEckOACQx60Y8pSRjIkNZQz1w92xpMJc=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.4.12/go.mod h1:TDCkEAkMTXxTs0oLBGBKpBZbk3NLh8EvAfF0Q3x8/0c=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.7.1 h1:i8p8P4diljCr60PpJp6qZXNlgX4m2yQFpYk+9ZT+J4E=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.18.33 h1:JKcw5SFxFW/rpM4mOPjv0VQ11E2kxW13F3exWOy7VZU=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.7.1/go.mod h1:ddqbooRZYNoJ2dsTwOty16rM+/Aqmk/GOXrK8cg7V00=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.18.33/go.mod h1:hXO/l9pgY3K5oZJldamP0pbZHdPqqk+4/maa7DSD3cA=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.7.10 h1:gx1AwW1Iyk9Z9dD9F4akX5gnN3QZwUB20GGKH/I+Rho=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.13.32 h1:lIH1eKPcCY1ylR4B6PkBGRWMHO3aVenOKJHWiS4/G2w=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/protocol/eventstream v1.7.10/go.mod h1:qqY157uZoqm5OXq/amuaBJyC9hgBCBQnsaWnPe905GY=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.13.32/go.mod h1:lL8U3v/Y79YRG69WlAho0OHIKUXCyFvSXaIvfo81sls=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.28.5 h1:Za41twdCXbuyyWv9LndXxZZv3QhTG1DinqlFsSuvtI0=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/ec2/imds v1.13.8 h1:DK/9C+UN/X+1+Wm8pqaDksQr2tSLzq+8X1/rI/ZxKEQ=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/config v1.28.5/go.mod h1:4VsPbHP8JdcdUDmbTVgNL/8w9SqOkM5jyY8ljIxLO3o=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/ec2/imds v1.13.8/go.mod h1:ce7BgLQfYr5hQFdy67oX2svto3ufGtm6oBvmsHScI1Q=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.17.46 h1:AU7RcriIo2lXjUfHFnFKYsLCwgbz1E7Mm95ieIRDNUg=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.1.33/go.mod h1:7i0PF1ME/2eUPFcjkVIwq+DOygHEoK92t5cDqNgYbIw=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/credentials v1.17.46/go.mod h1:1FmYyLGL08KQXQ6mcTlifyFXfJVCNJTVGuQP4m0d/UA=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.1.38 h1:c8ed/T9T2K5I+h/JzmF5tpI46+OODQ74dzmdo+QnaMg=
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-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.1.38/go.mod h1:qggunOChCMu9ZF/UkAfhTz25+U2rLVb3ya0Ua6TTfCA=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/feature/ec2/imds v1.16.20/go.mod h1:WZ/c+w0ofps+/OUqMwWgnfrgzZH1DZO1RIkktICsqnY=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.4.27/go.mod h1:UrHnn3QV/d0pBZ6QBAEQcqFLf8FAzLmoUfPVIueOvoM=
+github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/configsources v1.4.8 h1:6bgAZgRyT4RoFWhxS+aoGMFyE0cD1bSzFnEEi4bFPGI=
-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.4.32 h1:hNeAAymUY5gu11WrrmFb3CVIp9Dar9hbo44yzzcQpzA=
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-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/endpoints/v2 v2.4.32/go.mod h1:0ZXSqrty4FtQ7p8TEuRde/SZm9X05KT18LAUlR40Ln0=
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-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/v4a v1.1.1 h1:vUh7dBFNS3oFCtVv6CiYKh5hP9ls8+kIpKLeFruIBLk=
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-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/internal/v4a v1.1.1/go.mod h1:sFMeinkhj/SZKQM8BxtvNtSPjJEo0Xrz+w3g2e4FSKI=
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-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ec2 v1.99.0/go.mod h1:L3ZT0N/vBsw77mOAawXmRnREpEjcHd2v5Hzf7AkIH8M=
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-github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/internal/accept-encoding v1.9.13/go.mod h1:ReJb6xYmtGyu9KoFtRreWegbN9dZqvZIIv4vWnhcsyI=
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internal/credential/attributes.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package credential
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ type CredentialAttributes struct {
 // CredentialsConfig used for configuring an AWS session. An status error is returned
 // with an InvalidArgument code if any unrecognized fields are found in the protobuf
 // struct input.
-func GetCredentialsConfig(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *CredentialAttributes) (*awsutil.CredentialsConfig, error) {
+func GetCredentialsConfig(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *CredentialAttributes, dualStack bool) (*awsutil.CredentialsConfig, error) {
 	// initialize secrets if it is nil
 	// secrets can be nil because static credentials are optional
 	if secrets == nil {
@@ -117,6 +117,17 @@ func GetCredentialsConfig(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *CredentialAttributes)
 		opts = append(opts, awsutil.WithRoleTags(attrs.RoleTags))
 	}
 
+	if dualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, []awsutil.Option{
+			awsutil.WithIamEndpointResolver(&iamEndpointResolver{
+				dualStack: dualStack,
+			}),
+			awsutil.WithStsEndpointResolver(&stsEndpointResolver{
+				dualStack: dualStack,
+			}),
+		}...)
+	}
+
 	cfg, err := awsutil.NewCredentialsConfig(opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus(err.Error())

internal/credential/attributes_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package credential
@@ -106,6 +106,7 @@ func TestGetCredentialsConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		name                string
 		secrets             *structpb.Struct
 		attrs               *CredentialAttributes
+		dualStack           bool
 		expected            *awsutil.CredentialsConfig
 		expectedErrContains string
 	}{
@@ -135,6 +136,24 @@ func TestGetCredentialsConfig(t *testing.T) {
 				Region:    "us-west-2",
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "with dualstack",
+			secrets: &structpb.Struct{
+				Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
+					ConstAccessKeyId:     structpb.NewStringValue("AKIAfoobar"),
+					ConstSecretAccessKey: structpb.NewStringValue("bazqux"),
+				},
+			},
+			dualStack: true,
+			attrs: &CredentialAttributes{
+				Region: "us-west-2",
+			},
+			expected: &awsutil.CredentialsConfig{
+				AccessKey: "AKIAfoobar",
+				SecretKey: "bazqux",
+				Region:    "us-west-2",
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "unknown fields",
 			secrets: &structpb.Struct{
@@ -233,7 +252,7 @@ func TestGetCredentialsConfig(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			require := require.New(t)
 
-			actual, err := GetCredentialsConfig(tc.secrets, tc.attrs)
+			actual, err := GetCredentialsConfig(tc.secrets, tc.attrs, tc.dualStack)
 			if tc.expectedErrContains != "" {
 				require.Error(err)
 				require.Contains(err.Error(), tc.expectedErrContains)
@@ -249,6 +268,13 @@ func TestGetCredentialsConfig(t *testing.T) {
 			require.Equal(tc.expected.RoleExternalId, actual.RoleExternalId)
 			require.Equal(tc.expected.RoleSessionName, actual.RoleSessionName)
 			require.Equal(tc.expected.RoleTags, actual.RoleTags)
+			if tc.dualStack {
+				require.NotNil(actual.IAMEndpointResolver)
+				require.NotNil(actual.STSEndpointResolver)
+			} else {
+				require.Nil(actual.IAMEndpointResolver)
+				require.Nil(actual.STSEndpointResolver)
+			}
 		})
 	}
 }

internal/credential/const.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package credential

internal/credential/state.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package credential
@@ -11,7 +11,10 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/iam"
 	iamTypes "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/iam/types"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/sts"
+	smithyEndpoints "github.com/aws/smithy-go/endpoints"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary-plugin-aws/internal/errors"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary-plugin-aws/internal/values"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/awsutil/v2"
@@ -114,7 +117,7 @@ func (s *AwsCredentialPersistedState) ValidateCreds(ctx context.Context) error {
 		return errors.BadRequestStatus("missing credentials config")
 	}
 	if _, err := s.CredentialsConfig.GetCallerIdentity(ctx, s.testOpts...); err != nil {
-		st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError(err, "validating credentials")
+		st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError("validating credentials", err)
 		return st.Err()
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -135,7 +138,7 @@ func (s *AwsCredentialPersistedState) RotateCreds(ctx context.Context) error {
 	if err := s.CredentialsConfig.RotateKeys(ctx, append([]awsutil.Option{
 		awsutil.WithValidityCheckTimeout(rotationWaitTimeout),
 	}, s.testOpts...)...); err != nil {
-		st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError(err, "error rotating credentials")
+		st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError("rotating credentials", err)
 		return st.Err()
 	}
 	s.CredsLastRotatedTime = time.Now()
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ func (s *AwsCredentialPersistedState) DeleteCreds(ctx context.Context) error {
 		}
 
 		// Otherwise treat it as an actual error.
-		st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError(err, "failed to delete access key")
+		st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError("deleting credentials", err)
 		return st.Err()
 	}
 
@@ -203,13 +206,7 @@ func (s *AwsCredentialPersistedState) DeleteCreds(ctx context.Context) error {
 
 // GenerateCredentialChain returns a AWS configuration for the credentials in the state.
 func (s *AwsCredentialPersistedState) GenerateCredentialChain(ctx context.Context) (*aws.Config, error) {
-	// Default `WithSharedCredentials` is `true` - This disables the ability to
+	return s.CredentialsConfig.GenerateCredentialChain(ctx, s.testOpts...)
-	// read credentials from environment variables because we set the default
-	// profile options, so we need to set it to false (see
-	// awsutil@v2.(*CredentialsConfig).generateAwsConfigOptions) for extra
-	// details.
-	opts := append(s.testOpts, awsutil.WithSharedCredentials(false))
-	return s.CredentialsConfig.GenerateCredentialChain(ctx, opts...)
 }
 
 // ToMap returns a map of the credentials stored in the persisted state.
@@ -237,7 +234,7 @@ func (s *AwsCredentialPersistedState) ToMap() map[string]any {
 
 // AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto parses values out of a protobuf struct input
 // and returns a AwsCredentialPersistedState used for configuring an AWS session.
-func AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *CredentialAttributes, opts ...AwsCredentialPersistedStateOption) (*AwsCredentialPersistedState, error) {
+func AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *CredentialAttributes, dualStack bool, opts ...AwsCredentialPersistedStateOption) (*AwsCredentialPersistedState, error) {
 	// initialize secrets if it is nil
 	// secrets can be nil because static credentials are optional
 	if secrets == nil {
@@ -252,17 +249,17 @@ func AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *Crede
 
 	accessKeyId, err := values.GetStringValue(secrets, ConstAccessKeyId, false)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("persisted state integrity error: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("persisted state integrity: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	secretAccessKey, err := values.GetStringValue(secrets, ConstSecretAccessKey, false)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("persisted state integrity error: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("persisted state integrity: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	credsLastRotatedTime, err := values.GetTimeValue(secrets, ConstCredsLastRotatedTime)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("persisted state integrity error: %w", err)
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("persisted state integrity: %w", err)
 	}
 
 	s, err := NewAwsCredentialPersistedState(opts...)
@@ -292,6 +289,17 @@ func AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(secrets *structpb.Struct, attrs *Crede
 	if len(attrs.RoleTags) != 0 {
 		awsOpts = append(awsOpts, awsutil.WithRoleTags(attrs.RoleTags))
 	}
+	if dualStack {
+		awsOpts = append(awsOpts, []awsutil.Option{
+			awsutil.WithIamEndpointResolver(&iamEndpointResolver{
+				dualStack: dualStack,
+			}),
+			awsutil.WithStsEndpointResolver(&stsEndpointResolver{
+				dualStack: dualStack,
+			}),
+		}...)
+	}
+
 	credentialsConfig, err := awsutil.NewCredentialsConfig(awsOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -321,3 +329,23 @@ func GetCredentialType(cc *awsutil.CredentialsConfig) CredentialType {
 
 	return Unknown
 }
+
+type iamEndpointResolver struct {
+	dualStack bool
+}
+
+func (e *iamEndpointResolver) ResolveEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params iam.EndpointParameters) (resolver smithyEndpoints.Endpoint, err error) {
+	params.UseDualStack = aws.Bool(e.dualStack)
+	resolver, err = iam.NewDefaultEndpointResolverV2().ResolveEndpoint(ctx, params)
+	return
+}
+
+type stsEndpointResolver struct {
+	dualStack bool
+}
+
+func (e *stsEndpointResolver) ResolveEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params sts.EndpointParameters) (resolver smithyEndpoints.Endpoint, err error) {
+	params.UseDualStack = aws.Bool(e.dualStack)
+	resolver, err = sts.NewDefaultEndpointResolverV2().ResolveEndpoint(ctx, params)
+	return
+}

internal/credential/state_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package credential
@@ -112,6 +112,7 @@ func TestAwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(t *testing.T) {
 		name        string
 		secrets     *structpb.Struct
 		attrs       *CredentialAttributes
+		dualStack   bool
 		opts        []AwsCredentialPersistedStateOption
 		expected    *AwsCredentialPersistedState
 		expectedErr string
@@ -174,6 +175,26 @@ func TestAwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name: "with dualstack static credentials",
+			secrets: &structpb.Struct{
+				Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
+					ConstAccessKeyId:     structpb.NewStringValue("foobar"),
+					ConstSecretAccessKey: structpb.NewStringValue("bazqux"),
+				},
+			},
+			dualStack: true,
+			attrs: &CredentialAttributes{
+				Region: "us-west-2",
+			},
+			expected: &AwsCredentialPersistedState{
+				CredentialsConfig: &awsutil.CredentialsConfig{
+					Region:    "us-west-2",
+					AccessKey: "foobar",
+					SecretKey: "bazqux",
+				},
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "bad last rotated time",
 			secrets: &structpb.Struct{
@@ -186,7 +207,7 @@ func TestAwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(t *testing.T) {
 			attrs: &CredentialAttributes{
 				Region: "us-west-2",
 			},
-			expectedErr: "persisted state integrity error: could not parse time in value \"creds_last_rotated_time\": parsing time \"notatime\" as \"2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999Z07:00\": cannot parse \"notatime\" as \"2006\"",
+			expectedErr: "persisted state integrity: could not parse time in value \"creds_last_rotated_time\": parsing time \"notatime\" as \"2006-01-02T15:04:05.999999999Z07:00\": cannot parse \"notatime\" as \"2006\"",
 		},
 		{
 			name: "option error",
@@ -318,7 +339,7 @@ func TestAwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tc.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			require := require.New(t)
 
-			actual, err := AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(tc.secrets, tc.attrs, tc.opts...)
+			actual, err := AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(tc.secrets, tc.attrs, tc.dualStack, tc.opts...)
 			if tc.expectedErr != "" {
 				require.EqualError(err, tc.expectedErr)
 				return
@@ -336,6 +357,13 @@ func TestAwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(t *testing.T) {
 				require.Equal(tc.expected.CredentialsConfig.RoleExternalId, actual.CredentialsConfig.RoleExternalId)
 				require.Equal(tc.expected.CredentialsConfig.RoleSessionName, actual.CredentialsConfig.RoleSessionName)
 				require.Equal(tc.expected.CredentialsConfig.RoleTags, actual.CredentialsConfig.RoleTags)
+				if tc.dualStack {
+					require.NotNil(actual.CredentialsConfig.STSEndpointResolver)
+					require.NotNil(actual.CredentialsConfig.IAMEndpointResolver)
+				} else {
+					require.Nil(actual.CredentialsConfig.STSEndpointResolver)
+					require.Nil(actual.CredentialsConfig.IAMEndpointResolver)
+				}
 			}
 		})
 	}
@@ -458,7 +486,7 @@ func TestAwsCatalogPersistedState_RotateCreds(t *testing.T) {
 					),
 				},
 			},
-			expectedErr:        "aws service unknown: unknown error: error rotating credentials",
+			expectedErr:        "aws service unknown: unknown error: rotating credentials",
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unknown,
 		},
 		{
@@ -568,7 +596,7 @@ func TestAwsCatalogPersistedState_ReplaceCreds(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 			credentialConfig:   &awsutil.CredentialsConfig{},
-			expectedErr:        "aws service unknown: unknown error: failed to delete access key",
+			expectedErr:        "aws service unknown: unknown error: deleting credentials",
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unknown,
 		},
 		{
@@ -693,7 +721,7 @@ func TestAwsCatalogPersistedState_DeleteCreds(t *testing.T) {
 					),
 				},
 			},
-			expectedErr:        "aws service unknown: unknown error: failed to delete access key",
+			expectedErr:        "aws service unknown: unknown error: deleting credentials",
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unknown,
 		},
 		{

internal/credential/testing.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package credential

internal/errors/error.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package errors
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/retry"
 	awshttp "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/transport/http"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3/types"
 	"github.com/aws/smithy-go"
 	pb "github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/plugin"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
@@ -52,6 +53,10 @@ const (
 	// whose key does not exist
 	awsErrorNoSuchKey = "NoSuchKey"
 
+	// NotFound is returned when attempting to interact with an S3 object
+	// whose key does not exist
+	awsErrorNotFound = "NotFound"
+
 	// The InvalidObjectState error is returned when trying to
 	// access an object that was moved into cold storage.
 	awsErrorInvalidObjectState = "InvalidObjectState"
@@ -81,11 +86,12 @@ func InvalidArgumentError(msg string, f map[string]string) error {
 // and credentials. This method will fallback to parsing the http status code
 // when it cannot match an aws error code. This method does not handle specific
 // service type errors such as S3 or EC2.
-func ParseAWSError(err error, msg string) (st *status.Status, permission *pb.Permission) {
+func ParseAWSError(op string, err error) (st *status.Status, permission *pb.Permission) {
 	if err == nil {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf("%s: %v", op, err)
 	// find the service name of the aws api
 	serviceName := "unknown"
 	var oe *smithy.OperationError
@@ -113,11 +119,54 @@ func ParseAWSError(err error, msg string) (st *status.Status, permission *pb.Per
 		Codes: retry.DefaultThrottleErrorCodes,
 	}
 	if throttleErr.IsErrorThrottle(err).Bool() {
-		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: throttling error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: throttling: %s", serviceName, msg)
 		return status.New(codes.Unavailable, statusMsg), nil
 	}
 
-	// parse some specific aws error codes that we have special cred states for
+	// match error type against NotFound
+	var notFoundErr *types.NotFound
+	if errors.As(err, &notFoundErr) {
+		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
+		return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), nil
+	}
+
+	// match error type against NoSuchkey
+	var noSuchKeyErr *types.NoSuchKey
+	if errors.As(err, &noSuchKeyErr) {
+		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
+		return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), nil
+	}
+
+	// match error type against InvalidObjectState
+	var invalidObjectStateErr *types.InvalidObjectState
+	if errors.As(err, &invalidObjectStateErr) {
+		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
+		return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), nil
+	}
+
+	// match error type against NoSuchBucket
+	var noSuchBucketErr *types.NoSuchBucket
+	if errors.As(err, &noSuchBucketErr) {
+		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
+		return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), &pb.Permission{
+			State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+			ErrorDetails: noSuchBucketErr.ErrorMessage(),
+			CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	// match error type against AccessDenied
+	var accessDeniedErr *types.AccessDenied
+	if errors.As(err, &accessDeniedErr) {
+		statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials: %s", serviceName, msg)
+		return status.New(codes.PermissionDenied, statusMsg), &pb.Permission{
+			State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+			ErrorDetails: accessDeniedErr.ErrorMessage(),
+			CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
+		}
+	}
+
+	// fallback to evaluating the smithy APIError code
 	var apiErr smithy.APIError
 	if errors.As(err, &apiErr) {
 		switch apiErr.ErrorCode() {
@@ -126,37 +175,40 @@ func ParseAWSError(err error, msg string) (st *status.Status, permission *pb.Per
 		case awsErrorInvalidAccessKeyId:
 			fallthrough
 		case awsErrorExpiredToken:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.PermissionDenied, statusMsg), &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: apiErr.ErrorMessage(),
 				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
 			}
 		case awsErrorNoSuchBucket:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws %s error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: apiErr.ErrorMessage(),
 				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
 			}
 		case awsErrorBadDigest:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws %s error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.Aborted, statusMsg), nil
 		case awsErrorNoSuchKey:
 			fallthrough
+		case awsErrorNotFound:
+			fallthrough
 		case awsErrorInvalidObjectState:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws %s error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), nil
 		case awsErrorRequestTimeout:
 			fallthrough
 		case awsErrorRequestTimeoutException:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws %s error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.DeadlineExceeded, statusMsg), nil
 		}
 	}
 
-	// default to evaluating the http status code
+	// fallback to evaluating the http status code
-	if httpErr, ok := err.(*awshttp.ResponseError); ok {
+	var httpErr *awshttp.ResponseError
+	if errors.As(err, &httpErr) {
 		buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
 		_, err = buf.ReadFrom(httpErr.Response.Body)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -165,39 +217,39 @@ func ParseAWSError(err error, msg string) (st *status.Status, permission *pb.Per
 		defer httpErr.Response.Body.Close()
 		switch httpErr.HTTPStatusCode() {
 		case http.StatusBadRequest:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: bad request error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: bad request: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, statusMsg), nil
 		case http.StatusUnauthorized:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.PermissionDenied, statusMsg), &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: buf.String(),
 				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
 			}
 		case http.StatusForbidden:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: invalid credentials: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.PermissionDenied, statusMsg), &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: buf.String(),
 				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
 			}
 		case http.StatusNotFound:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: resource not found error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: resource not found: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.NotFound, statusMsg), nil
 		case http.StatusTooManyRequests:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: throttling error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: throttling: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.Unavailable, statusMsg), nil
 		case http.StatusInternalServerError:
 			fallthrough
 		case http.StatusBadGateway:
 			fallthrough
 		case http.StatusServiceUnavailable:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: connectivity error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: connectivity: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.Unavailable, statusMsg), nil
 		case http.StatusRequestTimeout:
 			fallthrough
 		case http.StatusGatewayTimeout:
-			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: timeout error: %s", serviceName, msg)
+			statusMsg := fmt.Sprintf("aws service %s: timeout: %s", serviceName, msg)
 			return status.New(codes.DeadlineExceeded, statusMsg), nil
 		}
 	}
@@ -205,14 +257,26 @@ func ParseAWSError(err error, msg string) (st *status.Status, permission *pb.Per
 	return st, nil
 }
 
-// BadRequestStatus returns a status error with an invalid
+// BadRequestStatusf returns a status error with an invalid
-// argument code
+// argument code and a formatted error message.
-func BadRequestStatus(format string, args ...any) error {
+func BadRequestStatusf(format string, args ...any) error {
 	return status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)).Err()
 }
 
-// UnknownStatus returns a status error with an internal
+// BadRequestStatus returns a status error with an invalid
-// error code
+// argument code and the provided message.
-func UnknownStatus(format string, args ...any) error {
+func BadRequestStatus(msg string) error {
+	return status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, msg).Err()
+}
+
+// UnknownStatusf returns a status error with an internal
+// error code and a formatted error message.
+func UnknownStatusf(format string, args ...any) error {
 	return status.New(codes.Internal, fmt.Sprintf(format, args...)).Err()
 }
+
+// UnknownStatus returns a status error with an internal
+// error code and the provided message.
+func UnknownStatus(msg string) error {
+	return status.New(codes.Internal, msg).Err()
+}

internal/errors/error_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package errors
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-bad-request",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusBadRequest, "bad request"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.InvalidArgument,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: bad request error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: bad request: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-unauthorized",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusUnauthorized, "unauthorized request"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: "unauthorized request",
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-forbidden",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusForbidden, "forbidden request"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: "forbidden request",
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-not-found",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusNotFound, "not found request"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: resource not found error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: resource not found: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-too-many-requests",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusTooManyRequests, "too many requests"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-request-timeout",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusRequestTimeout, "request timeout"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.DeadlineExceeded,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: timeout error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: timeout: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-internal-server-error",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusInternalServerError, "internal server error"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: connectivity error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: connectivity: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-bad-gateway",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusBadGateway, "bad gateway"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: connectivity error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: connectivity: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-service-unavailable",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusServiceUnavailable, "service unavailable"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: connectivity error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: connectivity: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -129,16 +129,27 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "http-status-code-gateway-timeout",
 			err:                TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusGatewayTimeout, "gateway timeout"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.DeadlineExceeded,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: timeout error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: timeout: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name:               "wrapped-http-status-code-forbidden",
+			err:                fmt.Errorf("wrap: %w", TestAwsHttpResponseError(http.StatusForbidden, "forbidden request")),
+			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
+			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
+				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+				ErrorDetails: "forbidden request",
+				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name:               "aws-throttling",
 			err:                TestAwsError("Throttling", "throttling error"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -147,7 +158,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-throttling-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("ThrottlingException", "throttling exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -156,7 +167,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-throttled-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("ThrottledException", "throttled exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -165,7 +176,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-throttled-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("RequestThrottledException", "request throttled exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -174,7 +185,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-too-many-requests-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("TooManyRequestsException", "too many requests exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -183,7 +194,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-provisioned-throughput-exceeded-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("ProvisionedThroughputExceededException", "provisioned throughput exceeded exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -192,7 +203,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-transaction-in-progress-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("TransactionInProgressException", "transaction in progress exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -201,7 +212,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-limit-exceeded",
 			err:                TestAwsError("RequestLimitExceeded", "request limit exceeded"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -210,7 +221,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-bandwidth-limit-exceeded",
 			err:                TestAwsError("BandwidthLimitExceeded", "bandwidth limit exceeded"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -219,7 +230,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-limit-exceeded-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("LimitExceededException", "limit exceeded exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -228,7 +239,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-throttled",
 			err:                TestAwsError("RequestThrottled", "request throttled"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -237,7 +248,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-slow-down",
 			err:                TestAwsError("SlowDown", "slow down"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -246,7 +257,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-prior-request-not-complete",
 			err:                TestAwsError("PriorRequestNotComplete", "prior request not complete"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -255,7 +266,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-ec2-throttled-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("EC2ThrottledException", "ec2 throttled exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: throttling: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -264,7 +275,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-timeout",
 			err:                TestAwsError("RequestTimeout", "request timeout"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.DeadlineExceeded,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws unknown error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -273,7 +284,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-timeout-exception",
 			err:                TestAwsError("RequestTimeoutException", "request timeout exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.DeadlineExceeded,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws unknown error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
 			},
@@ -282,7 +293,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-access-denied",
 			err:                TestAwsError(awsErrorAccessDenied, "not authorized to perform action"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: "not authorized to perform action",
@@ -293,7 +304,7 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-invalid-access-key-id",
 			err:                TestAwsError(awsErrorInvalidAccessKeyId, "The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records."),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: "The AWS Access Key Id you provided does not exist in our records.",
@@ -304,44 +315,111 @@ func Test_ParseAWSError(t *testing.T) {
 			name:               "aws-request-expired-token",
 			err:                TestAwsError(awsErrorExpiredToken, "The security token included in the request is expired."),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
 			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
 				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
 				ErrorDetails: "The security token included in the request is expired.",
 				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
 			},
 		},
+		{
+			name:               "aws-s3-typed-not-found",
+			err:                TestAwsS3NotFoundError("object was not found"),
+			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: test",
+			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "aws-s3-typed-no-such-key",
+			err:                TestAwsS3NoSuchKeyError("key does not exist"),
+			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: test",
+			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "aws-s3-typed-invalid-object-state",
+			err:                TestAwsS3InvalidObjectStateError("object is archived"),
+			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: test",
+			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "aws-s3-typed-no-such-bucket",
+			err:                TestAwsS3NoSuchBucketError("bucket does not exist"),
+			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: test",
+			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
+				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+				ErrorDetails: "bucket does not exist",
+				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			name:               "aws-s3-typed-access-denied",
+			err:                TestAwsS3AccessDeniedError("access denied"),
+			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service unknown: invalid credentials: test",
+			expectedPermission: &pb.Permission{
+				State:        pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+				ErrorDetails: "access denied",
+				CheckedAt:    timestamppb.Now(),
+			},
+		},
 	}
 	for _, tt := range cases {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
 
-			actualStatus, permission := ParseAWSError(tt.err, "test")
+			actualStatus, permission := ParseAWSError("test", tt.err)
 			if tt.expectedStatusCode == codes.OK {
 				require.Nil(actualStatus)
 				return
 			}
 
 			require.Equal(tt.expectedStatusCode, actualStatus.Code())
-			require.Equal(tt.expectedStatusMsg, actualStatus.Message())
+			require.Contains(actualStatus.Message(), tt.expectedStatusMsg)
 			require.Len(actualStatus.Details(), 0)
 			CheckSimilarPermission(assert, tt.expectedPermission, permission, true)
 		})
 	}
 }
 
-func Test_BadRequestStatus(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_BadRequestStatusf(t *testing.T) {
 	require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
-	err := BadRequestStatus("test: %s", "hello world")
+	err := BadRequestStatusf("test: %s", "hello world")
 	assert.ErrorContains(err, "test: hello world")
 	assert.Equal(status.Code(err), codes.InvalidArgument)
 	_, ok := status.FromError(err)
 	require.True(ok)
 }
 
-func Test_UnknownStatus(t *testing.T) {
+func Test_BadRequestStatus(t *testing.T) {
 	require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
-	err := UnknownStatus("test: %s", "hello world")
+	err := BadRequestStatus("test: hello world")
+	assert.ErrorContains(err, "test: hello world")
+	assert.Equal(status.Code(err), codes.InvalidArgument)
+	_, ok := status.FromError(err)
+	require.True(ok)
+}
+
+func Test_UnknownStatusf(t *testing.T) {
+	require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
+	err := UnknownStatusf("test: %s", "hello world")
+	assert.ErrorContains(err, "test: hello world")
+	assert.Equal(status.Code(err), codes.Internal)
+	_, ok := status.FromError(err)
+	require.True(ok)
+}
+
+func Test_UnknownStatus(t *testing.T) {
+	require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
+	err := UnknownStatusf("test: hello world")
 	assert.ErrorContains(err, "test: hello world")
 	assert.Equal(status.Code(err), codes.Internal)
 	_, ok := status.FromError(err)

internal/errors/testing.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package errors
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	awshttp "github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws/transport/http"
+	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3/types"
 	"github.com/aws/smithy-go"
 	smithyhttp "github.com/aws/smithy-go/transport/http"
 	pb "github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/plugin"
@@ -39,6 +40,31 @@ func TestAwsError(code, msg string) error {
 	}
 }
 
+// TestAwsS3NotFoundError returns an S3 NotFound error.
+func TestAwsS3NotFoundError(msg string) error {
+	return &types.NotFound{Message: &msg}
+}
+
+// TestAwsS3NoSuchKeyError returns an S3 NoSuchKey error.
+func TestAwsS3NoSuchKeyError(msg string) error {
+	return &types.NoSuchKey{Message: &msg}
+}
+
+// TestAwsS3InvalidObjectStateError returns an S3 InvalidObjectState error.
+func TestAwsS3InvalidObjectStateError(msg string) error {
+	return &types.InvalidObjectState{Message: &msg}
+}
+
+// TestAwsS3NoSuchBucketError returns an S3 NoSuchBucket error.
+func TestAwsS3NoSuchBucketError(msg string) error {
+	return &types.NoSuchBucket{Message: &msg}
+}
+
+// TestAwsS3AccessDeniedError returns an S3 AccessDenied error.
+func TestAwsS3AccessDeniedError(msg string) error {
+	return &types.AccessDenied{Message: &msg}
+}
+
 func CheckSimilarPermission(assert *assert.Assertions, expected, actual *pb.Permission, substituteNilWithDefaultOk bool) {
 	if expected == nil && substituteNilWithDefaultOk {
 		expected = &pb.Permission{

internal/values/proto.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package values

internal/values/proto_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package values

plugin/plugin.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package plugin
@@ -32,6 +32,6 @@ type AwsPlugin struct {
 func NewAwsPlugin() *AwsPlugin {
 	return &AwsPlugin{
 		HostPlugin:    &host.HostPlugin{},
-		StoragePlugin: &storage.StoragePlugin{},
+		StoragePlugin: storage.New(),
 	}
 }

plugin/service/host/README.md

@@ -108,6 +108,14 @@ The following `attributes` are valid on an AWS host catalog resource:
   be performed. See the [Credential Rotation](../../../README.md#credential-rotation) readme for more information.
 - `region` (string): The region to configure the host catalog for. All host sets
   in this catalog will be configured for this region.
+- `role_arn` (string): The AWS Role ARN used for `AssumeRole` authentication. If
+  provided, `disable_credential_rotation` must be also set to `true.
+- `role_external_id` (string):  The external id configured for the `AssumeRole`
+  provider.
+- `role_session_name` (string): The session name configured for the `AssumeRole`
+  provider.
+- `role_tags` (object): The key-value pair tags configured for the `AssumeRole`
+  provider.
 
 The following `secrets` are required on an AWS host catalog resource:
 

plugin/service/host/attributes.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ import (
 // map.
 type CatalogAttributes struct {
 	*cred.CredentialAttributes
+
+	// DualStack is used for configuring how the aws client will resolve requests.
+	DualStack bool
 }
 
 func getCatalogAttributes(in *structpb.Struct) (*CatalogAttributes, error) {
@@ -31,6 +34,12 @@ func getCatalogAttributes(in *structpb.Struct) (*CatalogAttributes, error) {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
+	dualStack, err := values.GetBoolValue(in, ConstAwsDualStack, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		badFields[fmt.Sprintf("attributes.%s", ConstAwsDualStack)] = err.Error()
+	}
+	delete(unknownFields, ConstAwsDualStack)
+
 	for s := range unknownFields {
 		switch s {
 		// Ignore knownFields from CredentialAttributes
@@ -57,6 +66,7 @@ func getCatalogAttributes(in *structpb.Struct) (*CatalogAttributes, error) {
 
 	return &CatalogAttributes{
 		CredentialAttributes: credAttributes,
+		DualStack:            dualStack,
 	}, nil
 }
 

plugin/service/host/attributes_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host
@@ -43,6 +43,22 @@ func TestGetCatalogAttributes(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			expectedErrContains: "attributes.bar: unrecognized field, attributes.foo: unrecognized field",
 		},
+		{
+			name: "with dual stack",
+			in: &structpb.Struct{
+				Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
+					"region":     structpb.NewStringValue("us-west-2"),
+					"dual_stack": structpb.NewBoolValue(true),
+				},
+			},
+			expected: &CatalogAttributes{
+				CredentialAttributes: &credential.CredentialAttributes{
+					Region:                    "us-west-2",
+					DisableCredentialRotation: false,
+				},
+				DualStack: true,
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "default",
 			in: &structpb.Struct{

plugin/service/host/const.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host
@@ -10,4 +10,7 @@ const (
 	// ConstInstanceNameTagKey denotes the special AWS tag key that contains an EC2
 	// instance's name. This field is to be matched literally.
 	ConstInstanceNameTagKey = "Name"
+
+	// ConstAwsDualStack is the key for the dualstack flag in the aws s3 client.
+	ConstAwsDualStack = "dual_stack"
 )

plugin/service/host/plugin.go

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 package host
 
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 import (
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnCreateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCreateCatalo
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	credConfig, err := credential.GetCredentialsConfig(catalog.GetSecrets(), catalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := credential.GetCredentialsConfig(catalog.GetSecrets(), catalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes, catalogAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnCreateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCreateCatalo
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// Try to rotate AWS static credentials
@@ -79,17 +79,21 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnCreateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCreateCatalo
 		}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// perform dry run to ensure we can interact with AWS as expected.
-	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState); st != nil {
+	opts := []ec2Option{}
+	if catalogAttributes.DualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(catalogAttributes.DualStack))
+	}
+	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState, opts); st != nil {
 		return nil, st.Err()
 	}
 
 	persistedProto, err := catalogState.toProto()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus(err.Error())
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error converting persisted state to proto: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return &pb.OnCreateCatalogResponse{
@@ -131,15 +135,16 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateCatalo
 	credState, err := credential.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetSecrets(),
 		oldCatalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		oldCatalogAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// Verify the incoming credentials are valid and return any errors to the
 	// user if they're not. Note this doesn't validate the credentials against
 	// AWS - it only does logical validation on the fields.
-	updatedCredentials, err := credential.GetCredentialsConfig(newCatalog.GetSecrets(), newCatalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	updatedCredentials, err := credential.GetCredentialsConfig(newCatalog.GetSecrets(), newCatalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes, newCatalogAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -156,7 +161,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateCatalo
 			}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up new credential persisted state: %s", err)
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up new credential persisted state: %s", err)
 		}
 		newCatalogState, err := newAwsCatalogPersistedState(
 			append([]awsCatalogPersistedStateOption{
@@ -164,9 +169,13 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateCatalo
 			}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 		}
-		if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, newCatalogState); st != nil {
+		opts := []ec2Option{}
+		if newCatalogAttributes.DualStack {
+			opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(newCatalogAttributes.DualStack))
+		}
+		if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, newCatalogState, opts); st != nil {
 			return nil, st.Err()
 		}
 
@@ -204,17 +213,21 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateCatalo
 		}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// perform dry run to ensure we can interact with AWS as expected.
-	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState); st != nil {
+	opts := []ec2Option{}
+	if newCatalogAttributes.DualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(newCatalogAttributes.DualStack))
+	}
+	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState, opts); st != nil {
 		return nil, st.Err()
 	}
 
 	persistedProto, err := catalogState.toProto()
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus(err.Error())
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error converting persisted state to proto: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	return &pb.OnUpdateCatalogResponse{
@@ -248,9 +261,10 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnDeleteCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnDeleteCatalo
 	credState, err := credential.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetSecrets(),
 		catalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		catalogAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	_, err = newAwsCatalogPersistedState(
@@ -259,7 +273,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnDeleteCatalog(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnDeleteCatalo
 		}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// try to delete static credentials
@@ -324,9 +338,10 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnCreateSet(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCreateSetRequest
 	credState, err := credential.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetSecrets(),
 		catalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		catalogAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	catalogState, err := newAwsCatalogPersistedState(
@@ -335,7 +350,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnCreateSet(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCreateSetRequest
 		}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	set := req.GetSet()
@@ -353,10 +368,14 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnCreateSet(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCreateSetRequest
 
 	describeInstanceFilters, err := buildFilters(setAttrs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error building set filters: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error building set filters: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState, describeInstanceFilters...); st != nil {
+	opts := []ec2Option{}
+	if catalogAttributes.DualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(catalogAttributes.DualStack))
+	}
+	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState, opts, describeInstanceFilters...); st != nil {
 		return nil, st.Err()
 	}
 	return &pb.OnCreateSetResponse{}, nil
@@ -382,9 +401,10 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateSet(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateSetRequest
 	credState, err := credential.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetSecrets(),
 		catalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		catalogAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	catalogState, err := newAwsCatalogPersistedState(
@@ -393,7 +413,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateSet(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateSetRequest
 		}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// As with catalog, we don't need to really look at the old host
@@ -413,10 +433,14 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) OnUpdateSet(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpdateSetRequest
 
 	describeInstanceFilters, err := buildFilters(setAttrs)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error building set filters: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error building set filters: %s", err)
 	}
 
-	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState, describeInstanceFilters...); st != nil {
+	opts := []ec2Option{}
+	if catalogAttributes.DualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(catalogAttributes.DualStack))
+	}
+	if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, catalogState, opts, describeInstanceFilters...); st != nil {
 		return nil, st.Err()
 	}
 
@@ -450,9 +474,10 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 	credState, err := credential.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetSecrets(),
 		catalogAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		catalogAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	catalogState, err := newAwsCatalogPersistedState(
@@ -461,7 +486,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 		}, p.testCatalogStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	sets := req.GetSets()
@@ -485,7 +510,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 		}
 
 		if set.GetAttributes() == nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("set %s attributes are required", set.GetId())
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("set %s attributes are required", set.GetId())
 		}
 		setAttrs, err := getSetAttributes(set.GetAttributes())
 		if err != nil {
@@ -494,7 +519,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 
 		input, err := buildDescribeInstancesInput(setAttrs, false)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error building DescribeInstances parameters for host set id %q: %s", set.GetId(), err)
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error building DescribeInstances parameters for host set id %q: %s", set.GetId(), err)
 		}
 		queries[i] = hostSetQuery{
 			Id:    set.GetId(),
@@ -502,9 +527,13 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 		}
 	}
 
-	ec2Client, err := catalogState.EC2Client(ctx)
+	opts := []ec2Option{}
+	if catalogAttributes.DualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(catalogAttributes.DualStack))
+	}
+	ec2Client, err := catalogState.EC2Client(ctx, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error getting EC2 client: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error getting EC2 client: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// Run all queries now and assemble output.
@@ -512,7 +541,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 	for i, query := range queries {
 		output, err := ec2Client.DescribeInstances(ctx, query.Input)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error running DescribeInstances for host set id %q: %s", query.Id, err)
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error running DescribeInstances for host set id %q: %s", query.Id, err)
 		}
 
 		queries[i].Output = output
@@ -523,7 +552,7 @@ func (p *HostPlugin) ListHosts(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListHostsRequest) (*
 			for _, instance := range reservation.Instances {
 				host, err := awsInstanceToHost(instance)
 				if err != nil {
-					return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error processing host results for host set id %q: %s", query.Id, err)
+					return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error processing host results for host set id %q: %s", query.Id, err)
 				}
 
 				queries[i].OutputHosts = append(queries[i].OutputHosts, host)
@@ -673,12 +702,12 @@ func awsInstanceToHost(instance types.Instance) (*pb.ListHostsResponseHost, erro
 // credentials, the host listing functionality as well as the filters, if any
 // are passed in. This function can therefore be used for both host catalog and
 // host set validation.
-func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsCatalogPersistedState, filters ...types.Filter) *status.Status {
+func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsCatalogPersistedState, ec2Opts []ec2Option, filters ...types.Filter) *status.Status {
 	if state == nil {
 		return status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, "persisted state is required")
 	}
 
-	ec2Client, err := state.EC2Client(ctx)
+	ec2Client, err := state.EC2Client(ctx, ec2Opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, fmt.Sprintf("error getting EC2 client: %s", err))
 	}

plugin/service/host/plugin_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host
@@ -683,7 +683,7 @@ func TestPluginOnCreateCatalogErr(t *testing.T) {
 					),
 				}),
 			},
-			expectedErrContains: "error rotating credentials",
+			expectedErrContains: "rotating credentials",
 			expectedErrCode:     codes.Unknown,
 		},
 		{
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ func TestPluginOnUpdateCatalogErr(t *testing.T) {
 					),
 				}),
 			},
-			expectedErrContains: "failed to delete access key",
+			expectedErrContains: "deleting credentials",
 			expectedErrCode:     codes.Unknown,
 		},
 		{
@@ -1167,7 +1167,7 @@ func TestPluginOnUpdateCatalogErr(t *testing.T) {
 					),
 				}),
 			},
-			expectedErrContains: "error rotating credentials",
+			expectedErrContains: "rotating credentials",
 			expectedErrCode:     codes.Unknown,
 		},
 		{
@@ -1298,7 +1298,7 @@ func TestPluginOnDeleteCatalogErr(t *testing.T) {
 					),
 				}),
 			},
-			expectedErrContains: "aws service unknown: unknown error: failed to delete access key",
+			expectedErrContains: "aws service unknown: unknown error: deleting credentials:",
 			expectedErrCode:     codes.Unknown,
 		},
 	}
@@ -2747,8 +2747,8 @@ func TestAppendDistinct(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestDryRunValidation(t *testing.T) {
-	t.Run("nilState", func(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("nil credential state", func(t *testing.T) {
-		st := dryRunValidation(context.Background(), nil)
+		st := dryRunValidation(context.Background(), nil, nil)
 		require.NotNil(t, st)
 		require.Equal(t, codes.InvalidArgument.String(), st.Code().String())
 		require.Equal(t, "persisted state is required", st.Message())
@@ -2762,7 +2762,7 @@ func TestDryRunValidation(t *testing.T) {
 			testEC2APIFunc: func(...aws.Config) (EC2API, error) {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("oops ec2 client err")
 			},
-		})
+		}, []ec2Option{})
 		require.NotNil(t, st)
 		require.Equal(t, codes.InvalidArgument.String(), st.Code().String())
 		require.Equal(t, "error getting EC2 client: oops ec2 client err", st.Message())
@@ -2777,7 +2777,7 @@ func TestDryRunValidation(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 			testEC2APIFunc: newTestMockEC2(nil, testMockEC2WithDescribeInstancesError(fmt.Errorf("oops describe instances error"))),
-		})
+		}, []ec2Option{})
 		require.NotNil(t, st)
 		require.Equal(t, codes.FailedPrecondition.String(), st.Code().String())
 		require.Equal(t, "aws describe instances failed: oops describe instances error", st.Message())
@@ -2792,7 +2792,7 @@ func TestDryRunValidation(t *testing.T) {
 				},
 			},
 			testEC2APIFunc: newTestMockEC2(nil, testMockEC2WithDescribeInstancesOutput(&ec2.DescribeInstancesOutput{})),
-		})
+		}, []ec2Option{})
 		require.Nil(t, st)
 	})
 }

plugin/service/host/state.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host
@@ -7,12 +7,10 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/http"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/ec2"
+	smithyEndpoints "github.com/aws/smithy-go/endpoints"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary-plugin-aws/internal/credential"
 	pb "github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/plugin"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
@@ -22,17 +20,6 @@ type EC2API interface {
 	DescribeInstances(context.Context, *ec2.DescribeInstancesInput, ...func(*ec2.Options)) (*ec2.DescribeInstancesOutput, error)
 }
 
-var customClient = &http.Client{
-	Transport: &http.Transport{
-		Proxy: http.ProxyFromEnvironment,
-		DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
-			Timeout:   30 * time.Second,
-			KeepAlive: 30 * time.Second,
-			DualStack: true,
-		}).DialContext,
-	},
-}
-
 type awsCatalogPersistedState struct {
 	*credential.AwsCredentialPersistedState
 
@@ -86,7 +73,11 @@ func (s *awsCatalogPersistedState) toProto() (*pb.HostCatalogPersisted, error) {
 
 // EC2Client returns a configured EC2 client based on the session
 // information stored in the state.
-func (s *awsCatalogPersistedState) EC2Client(ctx context.Context) (EC2API, error) {
+func (s *awsCatalogPersistedState) EC2Client(ctx context.Context, opt ...ec2Option) (EC2API, error) {
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing options when fetching EC2 client: %w", err)
+	}
 	awsCfg, err := s.GenerateCredentialChain(ctx)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error getting AWS configuration when fetching EC2 client: %w", err)
@@ -94,8 +85,58 @@ func (s *awsCatalogPersistedState) EC2Client(ctx context.Context) (EC2API, error
 	if awsCfg == nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil aws configuration")
 	}
+	var ec2Opts []func(*ec2.Options)
+	if opts.withDualStack {
+		ec2Opts = append(ec2Opts, ec2.WithEndpointResolverV2(&endpointResolver{
+			dualStack: opts.withDualStack,
+		}))
+	}
 	if s.testEC2APIFunc != nil {
 		return s.testEC2APIFunc(*awsCfg)
 	}
-	return ec2.NewFromConfig(*awsCfg), nil
+	return ec2.NewFromConfig(*awsCfg, ec2Opts...), nil
+}
+
+// getOpts iterates the inbound ec2Options and returns a struct
+func getOpts(opt ...ec2Option) (ec2Options, error) {
+	opts := getDefaultEc2Options()
+	for _, o := range opt {
+		if o == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		if err := o(&opts); err != nil {
+			return ec2Options{}, err
+		}
+	}
+	return opts, nil
+}
+
+// ec2Option - how ec2Options are passed as arguments
+type ec2Option func(*ec2Options) error
+
+// options = how options are represented
+type ec2Options struct {
+	withDualStack bool
+}
+
+func getDefaultEc2Options() ec2Options {
+	return ec2Options{}
+}
+
+// WithDualStack sets the dual stack resolver
+func WithDualStack(with bool) ec2Option {
+	return func(o *ec2Options) error {
+		o.withDualStack = with
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+type endpointResolver struct {
+	dualStack bool
+}
+
+func (e *endpointResolver) ResolveEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params ec2.EndpointParameters) (resolver smithyEndpoints.Endpoint, err error) {
+	params.UseDualStack = aws.Bool(e.dualStack)
+	resolver, err = ec2.NewDefaultEndpointResolverV2().ResolveEndpoint(ctx, params)
+	return
 }

plugin/service/host/state_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host

plugin/service/host/testing.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package host

plugin/service/storage/attributes.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ type StorageAttributes struct {
 
 	// EndpointUrl is used for configuring how the aws client will resolve requests.
 	EndpointUrl string
+
+	// DualStack is used for configuring how the aws client will resolve requests.
+	DualStack bool
 }
 
 func getStorageAttributes(in *structpb.Struct) (*StorageAttributes, error) {
@@ -37,6 +40,12 @@ func getStorageAttributes(in *structpb.Struct) (*StorageAttributes, error) {
 	}
 	delete(unknownFields, ConstAwsEndpointUrl)
 
+	dualStack, err := values.GetBoolValue(in, ConstAwsDualStack, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		badFields[fmt.Sprintf("attributes.%s", ConstAwsDualStack)] = err.Error()
+	}
+	delete(unknownFields, ConstAwsDualStack)
+
 	for s := range unknownFields {
 		switch s {
 		// Ignore knownFields from CredentialAttributes
@@ -64,5 +73,6 @@ func getStorageAttributes(in *structpb.Struct) (*StorageAttributes, error) {
 	return &StorageAttributes{
 		CredentialAttributes: credAttributes,
 		EndpointUrl:          endpointUrl,
+		DualStack:            dualStack,
 	}, nil
 }

plugin/service/storage/attributes_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -41,6 +41,21 @@ func TestGetStorageAttributes(t *testing.T) {
 			},
 			expectedErrContains: "attributes.bar: unrecognized field, attributes.foo: unrecognized field",
 		},
+		{
+			name: "good w/ dualstack",
+			in: &structpb.Struct{
+				Fields: map[string]*structpb.Value{
+					"region":     structpb.NewStringValue("us-west-2"),
+					"dual_stack": structpb.NewBoolValue(true),
+				},
+			},
+			expected: &StorageAttributes{
+				CredentialAttributes: &cred.CredentialAttributes{
+					Region: "us-west-2",
+				},
+				DualStack: true,
+			},
+		},
 		{
 			name: "good w/ endpoint",
 			in: &structpb.Struct{

plugin/service/storage/const.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@ const (
 	// ConstAwsEndpointUrl is the key for the endpoint url in the aws s3 client.
 	ConstAwsEndpointUrl = "endpoint_url"
 
+	// ConstAwsDualStack is the key for the dualstack flag in the aws s3 client.
+	ConstAwsDualStack = "dual_stack"
+
 	// defaultStreamChunkSize is the recommened chunk size for sending data through a stream
 	defaultStreamChunkSize = 65536 // 64 KiB
 )

plugin/service/storage/error.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@ func setStatePermission(req any, permission *pb.Permission) *pb.StorageBucketCre
 		state.State.Delete = permission
 	case *pb.DeleteObjectsRequest:
 		state.State.Delete = permission
+	case pb.ListObjectsRequest:
+		state.State.Read = permission
+	case *pb.ListObjectsRequest:
+		state.State.Read = permission
 	}
 	return state
 }
@@ -50,12 +54,12 @@ func setStatePermission(req any, permission *pb.Permission) *pb.StorageBucketCre
 // credentials, and connectivity error types.
 //
 // https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/API/ErrorResponses.html
-func parseS3Error(err error, msg string, req any) *status.Status {
+func parseS3Error(op string, err error, req any) *status.Status {
 	if err == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	st, p := errors.ParseAWSError(err, msg)
+	st, p := errors.ParseAWSError(op, err)
 	if p != nil {
 		state := setStatePermission(req, p)
 		if st, err = st.WithDetails(state); err != nil {

plugin/service/storage/error_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.GetObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error("NoSuchBucket", "GetObject", "no such bucket"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws s3 error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.GetObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error("NoSuchKey", "GetObject", "no such key"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws s3 error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			err:                errors.TestAwsHttpResponseError(404, "not found"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
 			// cannot embed services within mock http errors, therefore unknown service
-			expectedStatusMsg: "aws service unknown: resource not found error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg: "aws service unknown: resource not found: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.GetObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error("InvalidObjectState", "GetObject", "invalid object state"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.NotFound,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws s3 error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.PutObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error(s3ErrorBadDigest, "PutObject", "checksum mismatch"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Aborted,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws s3 error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Write: &pb.Permission{
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.GetObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error("Throttling", "action", "throttling exception"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.Unavailable,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: throttling error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: throttling: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.GetObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error("RequestTimeout", "action", "request timeout"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.DeadlineExceeded,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws s3 error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 			req:                &pb.GetObjectRequest{},
 			err:                TestAwsS3Error("AccessDenied", "action", "access denied"),
 			expectedStatusCode: codes.PermissionDenied,
-			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: invalid credentials error: test",
+			expectedStatusMsg:  "aws service s3: invalid credentials: test:",
 			expectedDetails: &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
 				State: &pb.Permissions{
 					Read: &pb.Permission{
@@ -157,14 +157,14 @@ func Test_ParseS3Error(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Run(tt.name, func(t *testing.T) {
 			require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
 
-			actualStatus := parseS3Error(tt.err, "test", tt.req)
+			actualStatus := parseS3Error("test", tt.err, tt.req)
 			if tt.expectedStatusCode == codes.OK {
 				require.Nil(actualStatus)
 				return
 			}
 
 			require.Equal(tt.expectedStatusCode, actualStatus.Code())
-			require.Equal(tt.expectedStatusMsg, actualStatus.Message())
+			require.Contains(actualStatus.Message(), tt.expectedStatusMsg)
 			require.Len(actualStatus.Details(), 1)
 
 			foundDetail := false

plugin/service/storage/plugin.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -9,11 +9,13 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"crypto/sha256"
 	"encoding/base64"
+	stderr "errors"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strings"
+	"sync"
 
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3"
@@ -24,14 +26,24 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/controller/api/resources/storagebuckets"
 	pb "github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/plugin"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/go-multierror"
+	"github.com/hashicorp/go-secure-stdlib/parseutil"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/codes"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
+	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/timestamppb"
 )
 
 // Ensure that we are implementing StoragePluginServiceServer
 var _ pb.StoragePluginServiceServer = (*StoragePlugin)(nil)
 
+// clientCache caches previously initialized S3API clients created with a RoleARN attribute.
+type clientCache struct {
+	// cache is a map of cached s3 clients. The key of the map
+	// is the public id of the storage bucket
+	cache map[string]S3API
+	sync.RWMutex
+}
+
 // StoragePlugin implements the StoragePluginServiceServer interface for the
 // AWS storage service plugin.
 type StoragePlugin struct {
@@ -42,6 +54,137 @@ type StoragePlugin struct {
 
 	// testStorageStateOpts are passed in to the stored state to control test behavior
 	testStorageStateOpts []awsStoragePersistedStateOption
+
+	clients *clientCache
+}
+
+// New creates a new StoragePlugin
+func New() *StoragePlugin {
+	c := &clientCache{
+		cache: make(map[string]S3API),
+	}
+	return &StoragePlugin{
+		clients: c,
+	}
+}
+
+// getClient returns an S3API client for the given storage bucket id.
+func (p *StoragePlugin) getClient(ctx context.Context,
+	storageBucketId string,
+	storageState *awsStoragePersistedState,
+	opt ...s3Option) (S3API, error) {
+	if storageBucketId == "" {
+		// No storage bucket ID to key cache on, create new client and return
+		client, err := storageState.s3Client(ctx, opt...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error creating S3 client: %s", err)
+		}
+		return client, nil
+	}
+
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing options in cache: %w", err)
+	}
+
+	if opts.withCacheRefresh {
+		// Forced cache refresh
+		p.clients.Lock()
+		defer p.clients.Unlock()
+		client, err := storageState.s3Client(ctx, opt...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error creating S3 client: %s", err)
+		}
+		p.clients.cache[storageBucketId] = client
+		return client, nil
+	}
+
+	p.clients.RLock()
+	client, ok := p.clients.cache[storageBucketId]
+	p.clients.RUnlock()
+
+	if !ok || client.Credentials().Expired() {
+		// We got a cache miss or the credentials has expired, time to refresh
+		p.clients.Lock()
+		defer p.clients.Unlock()
+
+		// Check cache again in case another caller updated it since we got the lock
+		client, ok = p.clients.cache[storageBucketId]
+		if ok && !client.Credentials().Expired() {
+			// Got a cache hit with valid credentials, return cached client
+			return client, nil
+		}
+
+		// Create new client and cache it
+		var err error
+		client, err = storageState.s3Client(ctx, opt...)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error creating S3 client: %s", err)
+		}
+		p.clients.cache[storageBucketId] = client
+	}
+	return client, nil
+}
+
+type s3Caller func(client S3API) (any, error)
+
+// call gets the s3client and passes it to the s3caller function, if a permission error is returned
+// it forces a cache refresh and tries again.
+func (p *StoragePlugin) call(
+	ctx context.Context,
+	fn s3Caller,
+	storageBucketId string,
+	storageState *awsStoragePersistedState,
+	opts ...s3Option) (any, error) {
+
+	s3Client, err := p.getClient(ctx, storageBucketId, storageState, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
+	}
+	firstAttempt := true
+	for {
+		resp, err := fn(s3Client)
+		if err != nil {
+			st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError("", err)
+			if st.Code() == codes.PermissionDenied && firstAttempt {
+				// We got a permission error, this is the first time so refresh cache and try again
+				firstAttempt = false
+				opts = append(opts, WithCacheRefresh(true))
+				s3Client, err = p.getClient(ctx, storageBucketId, storageState, opts...)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error refreshing S3 client: %s", err)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		return resp, nil
+	}
+}
+
+// NormalizeStorageBucketData is called by boundary before calling OnCreate or OnUpdate
+//
+// aws storage supports a total of 8 attributes, 6 as part of credential.CredentialAttributes
+// and 2 more from storage.StorageAttributes. of these, only endpoint_url is normalized.
+func (sp *StoragePlugin) NormalizeStorageBucketData(ctx context.Context, req *pb.NormalizeStorageBucketDataRequest) (*pb.NormalizeStorageBucketDataResponse, error) {
+	sa, err := getStorageAttributes(req.GetAttributes())
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	fields := req.GetAttributes().GetFields()
+	if _, ok := fields[ConstAwsEndpointUrl]; ok {
+		if sa.EndpointUrl, err = parseutil.NormalizeAddr(sa.EndpointUrl); err != nil {
+			return nil, status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, fmt.Sprintf("failed to normalize provided %s: %s", ConstAwsEndpointUrl, err.Error())).Err()
+		}
+		fields[ConstAwsEndpointUrl] = structpb.NewStringValue(sa.EndpointUrl)
+	}
+
+	return &pb.NormalizeStorageBucketDataResponse{
+		Attributes: &structpb.Struct{
+			Fields: fields,
+		},
+	}, nil
 }
 
 // OnCreateStorageBucket is called when a storage bucket is created.
@@ -64,7 +207,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnCreateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCre
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, storageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -76,7 +219,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnCreateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCre
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// Try to rotate AWS static credentials
@@ -92,7 +235,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnCreateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnCre
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// perform dry run to ensure we can interact with the bucket as expected.
@@ -147,15 +290,16 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnUpdateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpd
 	credState, err := cred.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetData(),
 		oldStorageAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		oldStorageAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// Verify the incoming credentials are valid and return any errors to the
 	// user if they're not. Note this doesn't validate the credentials against
 	// AWS - it only does logical validation on the fields.
-	updatedCredentials, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(newBucket.GetSecrets(), newStorageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	updatedCredentials, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(newBucket.GetSecrets(), newStorageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, newStorageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -172,7 +316,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnUpdateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpd
 			}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up new credential persisted state: %s", err)
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up new credential persisted state: %s", err)
 		}
 		newStorageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
 			append([]awsStoragePersistedStateOption{
@@ -180,7 +324,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnUpdateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpd
 			}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 		)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+			return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 		}
 		if st := dryRunValidation(ctx, newStorageState, newStorageAttributes, newBucket); st != nil {
 			return nil, st.Err()
@@ -220,7 +364,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnUpdateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnUpd
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// perform dry run to ensure we can interact with the bucket as expected.
@@ -264,9 +408,10 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnDeleteStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnDel
 	credState, err := cred.AwsCredentialPersistedStateFromProto(
 		req.GetPersisted().GetData(),
 		storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes,
+		storageAttributes.DualStack,
 		p.testCredStateOpts...)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	_, err = newAwsStoragePersistedState(
@@ -275,7 +420,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) OnDeleteStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, req *pb.OnDel
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error loading persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// try to delete static credentials
@@ -318,7 +463,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) HeadObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.HeadObjectReques
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, storageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -330,7 +475,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) HeadObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.HeadObjectReques
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	storageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
@@ -339,28 +484,32 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) HeadObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.HeadObjectReques
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	opts := []s3Option{}
 	if storageAttributes.EndpointUrl != "" {
 		opts = append(opts, WithEndpoint(storageAttributes.EndpointUrl))
 	}
-	s3Client, err := storageState.S3Client(ctx, opts...)
+	if storageAttributes.DualStack {
-	if err != nil {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(storageAttributes.DualStack))
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	objectKey := path.Join(bucket.GetBucketPrefix(), req.GetKey())
-	resp, err := s3Client.HeadObject(ctx, &s3.HeadObjectInput{
+	headCall := func(s3Client S3API) (any, error) {
-		Bucket: aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
+		return s3Client.HeadObject(ctx, &s3.HeadObjectInput{
-		Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
+			Bucket: aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
-	})
+			Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
-	if err != nil {
+		})
-		return nil, parseS3Error(err, "failed to head object", req).Err()
 	}
+	headResp, err := p.call(ctx, headCall, bucket.GetId(), storageState, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, parseS3Error("head object", err, req).Err()
+	}
+	resp := headResp.(*s3.HeadObjectOutput)
+
 	return &pb.HeadObjectResponse{
-		ContentLength: resp.ContentLength,
+		ContentLength: aws.ToInt64(resp.ContentLength),
 		LastModified:  timestamppb.New(*resp.LastModified),
 	}, nil
 }
@@ -386,7 +535,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) ValidatePermissions(ctx context.Context, req *pb.Validat
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, storageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -398,7 +547,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) ValidatePermissions(ctx context.Context, req *pb.Validat
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	storageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
@@ -407,7 +556,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) ValidatePermissions(ctx context.Context, req *pb.Validat
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	// perform dry run to ensure we can interact with the bucket as expected.
@@ -444,7 +593,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) GetObject(req *pb.GetObjectRequest, stream pb.StoragePlu
 		return err
 	}
 
-	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, storageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -456,7 +605,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) GetObject(req *pb.GetObjectRequest, stream pb.StoragePlu
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	storageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
@@ -465,26 +614,29 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) GetObject(req *pb.GetObjectRequest, stream pb.StoragePlu
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	opts := []s3Option{}
 	if storageAttributes.EndpointUrl != "" {
 		opts = append(opts, WithEndpoint(storageAttributes.EndpointUrl))
 	}
-	s3Client, err := storageState.S3Client(stream.Context(), opts...)
+	if storageAttributes.DualStack {
-	if err != nil {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(storageAttributes.DualStack))
-		return errors.BadRequestStatus("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	objectKey := path.Join(bucket.GetBucketPrefix(), req.GetKey())
-	resp, err := s3Client.GetObject(stream.Context(), &s3.GetObjectInput{
+	getCall := func(s3Client S3API) (any, error) {
-		Bucket: aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
+		return s3Client.GetObject(stream.Context(), &s3.GetObjectInput{
-		Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
+			Bucket: aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
-	})
+			Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
-	if err != nil {
+		})
-		return parseS3Error(err, "failed to get object", req).Err()
 	}
+	getResp, err := p.call(stream.Context(), getCall, bucket.GetId(), storageState, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return parseS3Error("get object", err, req).Err()
+	}
+	resp := getResp.(*s3.GetObjectOutput)
 
 	defer resp.Body.Close()
 	reader := bufio.NewReader(resp.Body)
@@ -496,13 +648,13 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) GetObject(req *pb.GetObjectRequest, stream pb.StoragePlu
 		buffer := make([]byte, chunkSize)
 		n, err := reader.Read(buffer)
 		if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
-			return errors.UnknownStatus("error reading chunk from s3: %s", err)
+			return errors.UnknownStatusf("error reading chunk from s3: %s", err)
 		}
 		if n > 0 {
 			if err := stream.Send(&pb.GetObjectResponse{
 				FileChunk: buffer[:n],
 			}); err != nil {
-				return errors.UnknownStatus("error sending chunk to client: %s", err)
+				return errors.UnknownStatusf("error sending chunk to client: %s", err)
 			}
 		}
 		if err == io.EOF {
@@ -555,7 +707,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) PutObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.PutObjectRequest)
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, storageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -567,7 +719,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) PutObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.PutObjectRequest)
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	storageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
@@ -576,16 +728,15 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) PutObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.PutObjectRequest)
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	opts := []s3Option{}
 	if storageAttributes.EndpointUrl != "" {
 		opts = append(opts, WithEndpoint(storageAttributes.EndpointUrl))
 	}
-	s3Client, err := storageState.S3Client(ctx, opts...)
+	if storageAttributes.DualStack {
-	if err != nil {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(storageAttributes.DualStack))
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	hash := sha256.New()
@@ -598,18 +749,23 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) PutObject(ctx context.Context, req *pb.PutObjectRequest)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.UnknownStatus("failed to rewind file pointer")
 	}
-
 	objectKey := path.Join(bucket.GetBucketPrefix(), req.GetKey())
-	resp, err := s3Client.PutObject(ctx, &s3.PutObjectInput{
+
-		Bucket:            aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
+	putCall := func(s3Client S3API) (any, error) {
-		Key:               aws.String(objectKey),
+		return s3Client.PutObject(ctx, &s3.PutObjectInput{
-		Body:              file,
+			Bucket:            aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
-		ChecksumAlgorithm: types.ChecksumAlgorithmSha256,
+			Key:               aws.String(objectKey),
-		ChecksumSHA256:    aws.String(checksum),
+			Body:              file,
-	})
+			ChecksumAlgorithm: types.ChecksumAlgorithmSha256,
-	if err != nil {
+			ChecksumSHA256:    aws.String(checksum),
-		return nil, parseS3Error(err, "failed to put object", req).Err()
+		})
 	}
+	putResp, err := p.call(ctx, putCall, bucket.GetId(), storageState, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, parseS3Error("put object", err, req).Err()
+	}
+	resp := putResp.(*s3.PutObjectOutput)
+
 	if resp.ChecksumSHA256 == nil {
 		return nil, errors.UnknownStatus("missing checksum response from aws")
 	}
@@ -650,7 +806,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 		return nil, err
 	}
 
-	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes)
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, storageAttributes.DualStack)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -662,7 +818,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	storageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
@@ -671,17 +827,13 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
 	)
 	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
 	}
 
 	opts := []s3Option{}
 	if storageAttributes.EndpointUrl != "" {
 		opts = append(opts, WithEndpoint(storageAttributes.EndpointUrl))
 	}
-	client, err := storageState.S3Client(ctx, opts...)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
-	}
 
 	prefix := path.Join(bucket.GetBucketPrefix(), req.GetKeyPrefix())
 	if strings.HasSuffix(req.GetKeyPrefix(), "/") {
@@ -691,12 +843,15 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 	}
 
 	if !req.Recursive {
-		_, err := client.DeleteObject(ctx, &s3.DeleteObjectInput{
+		deleteCall := func(s3Client S3API) (any, error) {
-			Bucket: aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
+			return s3Client.DeleteObject(ctx, &s3.DeleteObjectInput{
-			Key:    aws.String(prefix),
+				Bucket: aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
-		})
+				Key:    aws.String(prefix),
+			})
+		}
+		_, err := p.call(ctx, deleteCall, bucket.GetId(), storageState, opts...)
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, parseS3Error(err, "failed to delete object", req).Err()
+			return nil, parseS3Error("delete object", err, req).Err()
 		}
 		return &pb.DeleteObjectsResponse{
 			ObjectsDeleted: uint32(1),
@@ -704,21 +859,36 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 	}
 
 	const maxkeys = 1000
-
 	objects := []types.ObjectIdentifier{}
+	client, err := p.getClient(ctx, bucket.GetId(), storageState, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
+	}
 	var conToken *string
-	truncated := true
+	truncated, firstAttempt := true, true
 	for truncated {
 		res, err := client.ListObjectsV2(ctx, &s3.ListObjectsV2Input{
 			Bucket:            aws.String(bucket.GetBucketName()),
 			Prefix:            aws.String(prefix),
-			MaxKeys:           maxkeys,
+			MaxKeys:           aws.Int32(maxkeys),
 			ContinuationToken: conToken,
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, parseS3Error(err, "failed to list objects", req).Err()
+			st, _ := errors.ParseAWSError("", err)
+			if st.Code() == codes.PermissionDenied && firstAttempt {
+				// This is first attempt and we get a permission error, refresh cache and try again
+				firstAttempt = false
+				opts = append(opts, WithCacheRefresh(true))
+				client, err = p.getClient(ctx, bucket.GetId(), storageState, opts...)
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error refreshing S3 client: %s", err)
+				}
+				continue
+			}
+
+			return nil, parseS3Error("list objects", err, req).Err()
 		}
-		truncated = res.IsTruncated
+		truncated = aws.ToBool(res.IsTruncated)
 		conToken = res.NextContinuationToken
 		for _, o := range res.Contents {
 			objects = append(objects, types.ObjectIdentifier{
@@ -738,7 +908,7 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 			},
 		})
 		if err != nil {
-			return nil, parseS3Error(err, "failed to delete objects", req).Err()
+			return nil, parseS3Error("delete objects", err, req).Err()
 		}
 		deleted += len(res.Deleted)
 	}
@@ -748,6 +918,191 @@ func (p *StoragePlugin) DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.DeleteObjects
 	}, nil
 }
 
+// ListObjects retrieves files and directories from an S3 bucket under a given prefix.
+// If the "recursive" flag in the request is false (default), it returns only the top-level objects directly under the prefix.
+// If the "recursive" is true, it returns all objects under the prefix recursively.
+func (p *StoragePlugin) ListObjects(ctx context.Context, req *pb.ListObjectsRequest) (*pb.ListObjectsResponse, error) {
+	bucket := req.GetBucket()
+	if bucket == nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("bucket is required")
+	}
+
+	if bucket.BucketName == "" {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("bucketName is required")
+	}
+
+	attrs := bucket.GetAttributes()
+	if attrs == nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatus("attributes is required")
+	}
+
+	storageAttributes, err := getStorageAttributes(attrs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	credConfig, err := cred.GetCredentialsConfig(bucket.GetSecrets(), storageAttributes.CredentialAttributes, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// Set up the creds in our persisted state.
+	credState, err := cred.NewAwsCredentialPersistedState(
+		append([]cred.AwsCredentialPersistedStateOption{
+			cred.WithCredentialsConfig(credConfig),
+		}, p.testCredStateOpts...)...,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	storageState, err := newAwsStoragePersistedState(
+		append([]awsStoragePersistedStateOption{
+			withCredentials(credState),
+		}, p.testStorageStateOpts...)...,
+	)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error setting up persisted state: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	var opts []s3Option
+	if storageAttributes.EndpointUrl != "" {
+		opts = append(opts, WithEndpoint(storageAttributes.EndpointUrl))
+	}
+	s3Client, err := storageState.s3Client(ctx, opts...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.BadRequestStatusf("error getting S3 client: %s", err)
+	}
+
+	prefix := path.Join(bucket.GetBucketPrefix(), req.GetKeyPrefix())
+	if strings.HasSuffix(req.GetKeyPrefix(), "/") {
+		// path.Join ends by "cleaning" the path, including removing a trailing slash, if
+		// it exists. given that a slash is used to denote a folder, it is required here.
+		prefix += "/"
+	}
+	var objects []*pb.Object
+
+	if req.GetRecursive() {
+		objects, err = listObjectsRecursive(ctx, s3Client, bucket.GetBucketName(), prefix, req)
+	} else {
+		objects, err = listObjectsTopLevel(ctx, s3Client, bucket.GetBucketName(), prefix, req)
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return &pb.ListObjectsResponse{
+		Objects: objects,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// listObjectsTopLevel lists only the objects that exist directly under the specified prefix (This does not traverse subdirectories)
+// It uses the S3 "Delimiter" option to group results so that subdirectories appear as CommonPrefixes.
+func listObjectsTopLevel(ctx context.Context, s3Client S3API, bucketName, prefix string, req *pb.ListObjectsRequest) ([]*pb.Object, error) {
+	var objects []*pb.Object
+	paginator := s3.NewListObjectsV2Paginator(s3Client, &s3.ListObjectsV2Input{
+		Bucket:    aws.String(bucketName),
+		Prefix:    aws.String(prefix),
+		Delimiter: aws.String("/"),
+	})
+
+	for paginator.HasMorePages() {
+		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+			switch {
+			case stderr.Is(err, context.Canceled):
+				return nil, status.Error(codes.Canceled, "request canceled")
+			case stderr.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded):
+				return nil, status.Error(codes.DeadlineExceeded, "request deadline exceeded")
+			default:
+				return nil, status.Error(codes.Internal, "unknown context error")
+			}
+		}
+		page, err := paginator.NextPage(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, parseS3Error("failed to list objects", err, req).Err()
+		}
+
+		for _, c := range page.Contents {
+			if c.Key != nil {
+				objects = append(objects, &pb.Object{Key: *c.Key, IsDir: false})
+			}
+		}
+		for _, cp := range page.CommonPrefixes {
+			if cp.Prefix != nil {
+				objects = append(objects, &pb.Object{Key: *cp.Prefix, IsDir: true})
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return objects, nil
+}
+
+// listObjectsRecursive lists all objects under the specified prefix, traversing all subdirectories.
+// It does not use the S3 "Delimiter" option, so every object key that matches the prefix is returned.
+// This mode is useful for fully scanning all objects in a folder tree.
+func listObjectsRecursive(ctx context.Context, s3Client S3API, bucketName, prefix string, req *pb.ListObjectsRequest) ([]*pb.Object, error) {
+	var objects []*pb.Object
+	folderSet := make(map[string]struct{})
+	paginator := s3.NewListObjectsV2Paginator(s3Client, &s3.ListObjectsV2Input{
+		Bucket: aws.String(bucketName),
+		Prefix: aws.String(prefix),
+	})
+
+	for paginator.HasMorePages() {
+		if err := ctx.Err(); err != nil {
+			switch {
+			case stderr.Is(err, context.Canceled):
+				return nil, status.Error(codes.Canceled, "request canceled")
+			case stderr.Is(err, context.DeadlineExceeded):
+				return nil, status.Error(codes.DeadlineExceeded, "request deadline exceeded")
+			default:
+				return nil, status.Error(codes.Internal, "unknown context error")
+			}
+		}
+		page, err := paginator.NextPage(ctx)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, parseS3Error("failed to list objects", err, req).Err()
+		}
+
+		for _, c := range page.Contents {
+			// We intentionally ignore "empty objects" that simulate folders.
+			// S3 is not a traditional file system and does not have real directories.
+			// Folders are an abstraction; they are represented by zero-byte objects
+			// whose keys end with a slash (e.g., "myfolder/"). These objects exist
+			// solely as placeholders to give the appearance of directories in S3 tools.
+			// Here, we only include actual objects with content (non-zero length).
+			if c.Key != nil && !strings.HasSuffix(*c.Key, "/") {
+				objects = append(objects, &pb.Object{Key: *c.Key, IsDir: false})
+			}
+
+			// Extract all parent folder paths from the object key.
+			// We walk up the directory hierarchy using path.Dir,
+			// adding each parent folder to folderSet until we reach
+			// the root ("/" or ".") or leave the current prefix subtree.
+			// This ensures all intermediate "folders" appear in the result even if
+			// no explicit zero-byte object exists for them.
+			dir := path.Dir(*c.Key)
+			for dir != "." && dir != "/" {
+				folder := dir + "/"
+				if !strings.HasPrefix(folder, prefix) {
+					break // left the subtree, stop climbing up
+				}
+				if folder != prefix {
+					folderSet[folder] = struct{}{}
+				}
+				dir = path.Dir(dir)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// Add folders
+	for folder := range folderSet {
+		objects = append(objects, &pb.Object{
+			Key:   folder,
+			IsDir: true,
+		})
+	}
+	return objects, nil
+}
+
 // dryRunValidation validates that the IAM role policy attached to the given secrets of the
 // storage bucket has the minimum required permissions needed for this plugin to function
 // as expected. This function will create an object in the s3 bucket to validate it has
@@ -769,8 +1124,11 @@ func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsStoragePersistedState, attr
 	if attrs.EndpointUrl != "" {
 		opts = append(opts, WithEndpoint(attrs.EndpointUrl))
 	}
+	if attrs.DualStack {
+		opts = append(opts, WithDualStack(attrs.DualStack))
+	}
 
-	client, err := state.S3Client(ctx, opts...)
+	client, err := state.s3Client(ctx, opts...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return status.New(codes.InvalidArgument, fmt.Sprintf("error getting S3 client: %s", err))
 	}
@@ -786,7 +1144,7 @@ func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsStoragePersistedState, attr
 		Body:   bytes.NewReader([]byte("hashicorp boundary aws plugin access test")),
 	}); err != nil {
 		var st *status.Status
-		st, permissions.Write = errors.ParseAWSError(err, "failed to put object")
+		st, permissions.Write = errors.ParseAWSError("put object", err)
 		errs = multierror.Append(errs, st.Err())
 	} else {
 		permissions.Write = &pb.Permission{State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK, CheckedAt: timestamppb.Now()}
@@ -797,7 +1155,7 @@ func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsStoragePersistedState, attr
 		Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
 	}); err != nil {
 		var st *status.Status
-		st, permissions.Read = errors.ParseAWSError(err, "failed to get object")
+		st, permissions.Read = errors.ParseAWSError("get object", err)
 		errs = multierror.Append(errs, st.Err())
 	} else {
 		permissions.Read = &pb.Permission{State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK, CheckedAt: timestamppb.Now()}
@@ -808,7 +1166,7 @@ func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsStoragePersistedState, attr
 		Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
 	}); err != nil {
 		var st *status.Status
-		st, permissions.Read = errors.ParseAWSError(err, "failed to head object")
+		st, permissions.Read = errors.ParseAWSError("head object", err)
 		errs = multierror.Append(errs, st.Err())
 	}
 
@@ -817,7 +1175,7 @@ func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsStoragePersistedState, attr
 		Prefix: aws.String(objectKey),
 	}); err != nil {
 		var st *status.Status
-		st, permissions.Read = errors.ParseAWSError(err, "failed to list object")
+		st, permissions.Read = errors.ParseAWSError("list object", err)
 		errs = multierror.Append(errs, st.Err())
 	} else if res == nil || len(res.Contents) != 1 || *res.Contents[0].Key != objectKey {
 		permissions.Read = &pb.Permission{State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN, CheckedAt: timestamppb.Now()}
@@ -829,7 +1187,7 @@ func dryRunValidation(ctx context.Context, state *awsStoragePersistedState, attr
 		Key:    aws.String(objectKey),
 	}); err != nil {
 		var st *status.Status
-		st, permissions.Delete = errors.ParseAWSError(err, "failed to delete object")
+		st, permissions.Delete = errors.ParseAWSError("delete object", err)
 		errs = multierror.Append(errs, st.Err())
 	} else {
 		permissions.Delete = &pb.Permission{State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK, CheckedAt: timestamppb.Now()}

plugin/service/storage/state.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -7,10 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"context"
 	"errors"
 	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/http"
 	"net/url"
-	"time"
 
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/aws"
 	"github.com/aws/aws-sdk-go-v2/service/s3"
@@ -27,17 +24,16 @@ type S3API interface {
 	PutObject(ctx context.Context, params *s3.PutObjectInput, optFns ...func(*s3.Options)) (*s3.PutObjectOutput, error)
 	DeleteObjects(ctx context.Context, params *s3.DeleteObjectsInput, optFns ...func(*s3.Options)) (*s3.DeleteObjectsOutput, error)
 	ListObjectsV2(ctx context.Context, params *s3.ListObjectsV2Input, optFns ...func(*s3.Options)) (*s3.ListObjectsV2Output, error)
+	Credentials() aws.Credentials
 }
 
-var customClient = &http.Client{
+type s3Client struct {
-	Transport: &http.Transport{
+	*s3.Client
-		Proxy: http.ProxyFromEnvironment,
+	creds aws.Credentials
-		DialContext: (&net.Dialer{
+}
-			Timeout:   30 * time.Second,
+
-			KeepAlive: 30 * time.Second,
+func (c *s3Client) Credentials() aws.Credentials {
-			DualStack: true,
+	return c.creds
-		}).DialContext,
-	},
 }
 
 type awsStoragePersistedState struct {
@@ -91,9 +87,9 @@ func (s *awsStoragePersistedState) toProto() (*storagebuckets.StorageBucketPersi
 	return &storagebuckets.StorageBucketPersisted{Data: data}, nil
 }
 
-// S3Client returns a configured S3 client based on the session
+// s3Client returns a configured S3 client based on the session
 // information stored in the state.
-func (s *awsStoragePersistedState) S3Client(ctx context.Context, opt ...s3Option) (S3API, error) {
+func (s *awsStoragePersistedState) s3Client(ctx context.Context, opt ...s3Option) (S3API, error) {
 	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error parsing options when fetching S3 client: %w", err)
@@ -106,15 +102,25 @@ func (s *awsStoragePersistedState) S3Client(ctx context.Context, opt ...s3Option
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("nil aws configuration")
 	}
 	var s3Opts []func(*s3.Options)
-	if opts.withEndpoint != "" {
+	if opts.withEndpoint != "" || opts.withDualStack {
 		s3Opts = append(s3Opts, s3.WithEndpointResolverV2(&endpointResolver{
-			endpoint: opts.withEndpoint,
+			endpoint:  opts.withEndpoint,
+			dualStack: opts.withDualStack,
 		}))
 	}
 	if s.testS3APIFunc != nil {
 		return s.testS3APIFunc(*awsCfg)
 	}
-	return s3.NewFromConfig(*awsCfg, s3Opts...), nil
+
+	// Retrieve the credentials provider from the client
+	credsProvider := awsCfg.Credentials
+	creds, err := credsProvider.Retrieve(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed to retrieve credentials: %v\n", err)
+	}
+
+	c := s3.NewFromConfig(*awsCfg, s3Opts...)
+	return &s3Client{Client: c, creds: creds}, nil
 }
 
 // getOpts iterates the inbound s3Options and returns a struct
@@ -136,13 +142,23 @@ type s3Option func(*s3Options) error
 
 // options = how options are represented
 type s3Options struct {
-	withEndpoint string
+	withEndpoint     string
+	withDualStack    bool
+	withCacheRefresh bool
 }
 
 func getDefaultS3Options() s3Options {
 	return s3Options{}
 }
 
+// WithCacheRefresh controls if the cache should be forced to refresh
+func WithCacheRefresh(refresh bool) s3Option {
+	return func(o *s3Options) error {
+		o.withCacheRefresh = refresh
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 // WithEndpoint contains the endpoint to use
 func WithEndpoint(with string) s3Option {
 	return func(o *s3Options) error {
@@ -151,18 +167,27 @@ func WithEndpoint(with string) s3Option {
 	}
 }
 
+// WithDualStack sets the dual stack resolver
+func WithDualStack(with bool) s3Option {
+	return func(o *s3Options) error {
+		o.withDualStack = with
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 type endpointResolver struct {
-	endpoint string
+	endpoint  string
+	dualStack bool
 }
 
 func (e *endpointResolver) ResolveEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params s3.EndpointParameters) (resolver smithyEndpoints.Endpoint, err error) {
 	var uri *url.URL
+	params.UseDualStack = aws.Bool(e.dualStack)
 	resolver, err = s3.NewDefaultEndpointResolverV2().ResolveEndpoint(ctx, params)
 	if err != nil {
 		return
 	}
 	if e.endpoint == "" {
-		// TODO: not sure if we should set an error or ignore the missing endpoint value and continue with the default resolver
 		return
 	}
 	uri, err = url.Parse(e.endpoint)
@@ -170,7 +195,6 @@ func (e *endpointResolver) ResolveEndpoint(ctx context.Context, params s3.Endpoi
 		return
 	}
 	if uri == nil {
-		// TODO: not sure if we should set an error or ignore the missing uri value and continue with the default resolver
 		return
 	}
 	resolver = smithyEndpoints.Endpoint{

plugin/service/storage/state_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func TestAwsStoragePersistedStateS3Client(t *testing.T) {
 			)
 			require.NoError(err)
 
-			clientRaw, err := state.S3Client(context.Background(), tc.s3Opts...)
+			clientRaw, err := state.s3Client(context.Background(), tc.s3Opts...)
 			require.NoError(err)
 			require.NotNil(clientRaw)
 			client, ok := clientRaw.(*testMockS3)

plugin/service/storage/testing.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package storage

testing/e2e_host_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package testing
@@ -22,8 +22,6 @@ import (
 
 const expectedEc2InstanceCount = 5
 
-var expectedTags = []string{"foo", "bar", "baz"}
-
 func TestHostPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 	region := os.Getenv("AWS_REGION")
 	if region == "" {
@@ -80,6 +78,14 @@ func TestHostPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 	require.NoError(err)
 	require.Len(ec2InstanceTags, expectedEc2InstanceCount)
 
+	rawExpectedTags, err := tf.GetOutputSlice("instance_tag_keys")
+	require.NoError(err)
+	require.Len(rawExpectedTags, 3)
+	expectedTags := make([]string, 0, len(rawExpectedTags))
+	for _, rawExpectedTag := range rawExpectedTags {
+		expectedTags = append(expectedTags, rawExpectedTag.(string))
+	}
+
 	// Start the workflow now. Set up the host catalog. Note that this
 	// will cause the state to go out of drift above in the sense that
 	// the access key ID/secret access key will no longer be valid. We
@@ -143,13 +149,13 @@ func TestHostPlugin(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	cases := [][]string{
-		{"foo"},
+		{expectedTags[0]},
-		{"bar"},
+		{expectedTags[1]},
-		{"baz"},
+		{expectedTags[2]},
-		{"foo", "bar"},
+		{expectedTags[0], expectedTags[1]},
-		{"foo", "baz"},
+		{expectedTags[0], expectedTags[2]},
-		{"bar", "baz"},
+		{expectedTags[1], expectedTags[2]},
-		{"foo", "bar", "baz"},
+		{expectedTags[0], expectedTags[1], expectedTags[2]},
 	}
 
 	for _, tc := range cases {

testing/e2e_storage_test.go

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package testing
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"os"
@@ -17,12 +18,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary-plugin-aws/plugin/service/storage"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/controller/api/resources/storagebuckets"
 	pb "github.com/hashicorp/boundary/sdk/pbs/plugin"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc"
 	"google.golang.org/grpc/credentials/insecure"
+	"google.golang.org/grpc/status"
 	"google.golang.org/protobuf/types/known/structpb"
 )
 
+// NOTE: this test does not vaildate against dynamic credentials because
+// this credential type can only be tested on an EC2 instance.
 func TestStoragePlugin(t *testing.T) {
 	region := os.Getenv("AWS_REGION")
 	if region == "" {
@@ -75,6 +80,18 @@ func TestStoragePlugin(t *testing.T) {
 	iamSecretAccessKeyMissingPutObject, err := tf.GetOutputString("iam_secret_access_key_missing_put_obj")
 	require.NoError(err)
 
+	iamAccessKeyMissingDeleteObject, err := tf.GetOutputString("iam_access_key_missing_delete_obj")
+	require.NoError(err)
+
+	iamSecretAccessKeyMissingDeleteObject, err := tf.GetOutputString("iam_secret_access_key_missing_delete_obj")
+	require.NoError(err)
+
+	s3PaginationTestObjectCount, err := tf.GetOutput("s3_pagination_test_object_count")
+	require.NoError(err)
+	objectCountFloat, ok := s3PaginationTestObjectCount.(float64)
+	require.True(ok)
+	objectCount := int(objectCountFloat)
+
 	// Start the workflow now. Set up the storage bucket. Note that this
 	// will cause the state to go out of drift above in the sense that
 	// the access key ID/secret access key will no longer be valid. We
@@ -121,22 +138,75 @@ func TestStoragePlugin(t *testing.T) {
 	testPluginOnDeleteStorageBucket(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, keyid, secret, true)
 
 	// ********************
-	// * Object Methods: PutObject, GetObject, HeadObject
+	// * Object Methods: PutObject, GetObject, HeadObject, DeleteObjects
 	// ********************
 	//
 	// Reassign the keyid and secret first.
 	keyid, secret = iamAccessKeyIds[5].(string), iamSecretAccessKeys[5].(string)
 	testPluginObjectMethods(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, keyid, secret)
 
+	// ********************
+	// * ListObjects
+	// ********************
+	testListObjects(ctx, t, p, objectCount, bucketName, region, keyid, secret)
+
 	// ********************
 	// * Validate Permissions
 	// ********************
 	//
+	var expectedSBCState *pb.StorageBucketCredentialState
+
 	// Validate error is returned for missing get object permission
-	testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, iamAccessKeyMissingGetObject, iamSecretAccessKeyMissingGetObject)
+	expectedSBCState = &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
+		State: &pb.Permissions{
+			Write: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK,
+			},
+			Read: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+			},
+			Delete: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, iamAccessKeyMissingGetObject, iamSecretAccessKeyMissingGetObject, expectedSBCState)
 
 	// Validate error is returned for missing put object permission
-	testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, iamAccessKeyMissingPutObject, iamSecretAccessKeyMissingPutObject)
+	expectedSBCState = &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
+		State: &pb.Permissions{
+			Write: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+			},
+			Read: &pb.Permission{
+				// Since we cannot write an object to S3,
+				// we cannot test against the ability to read from S3.
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
+			},
+			Delete: &pb.Permission{
+				// We can still try deleting an object that does
+				// not exist in the S3 bucket to validate access.
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, iamAccessKeyMissingPutObject, iamSecretAccessKeyMissingPutObject, expectedSBCState)
+
+	// Validate error is returned for missing delete object permission
+	expectedSBCState = &pb.StorageBucketCredentialState{
+		State: &pb.Permissions{
+			Write: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK,
+			},
+			Read: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_OK,
+			},
+			Delete: &pb.Permission{
+				State: pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+	testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx, t, p, bucketName, region, iamAccessKeyMissingDeleteObject, iamSecretAccessKeyMissingDeleteObject, expectedSBCState)
 }
 
 func testPluginOnCreateStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.StoragePlugin, bucketName, region, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey string, rotate bool) (string, string) {
@@ -289,10 +359,12 @@ func testPluginOnDeleteStorageBucket(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *stora
 	}
 }
 
-func testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.StoragePlugin, bucketName, region, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey string) {
+func testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.StoragePlugin, bucketName, region, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey string, expectedState *pb.StorageBucketCredentialState) {
 	t.Helper()
 	t.Logf("testing ValidatePermissions")
-	require := require.New(t)
+	require, assert := require.New(t), assert.New(t)
+
+	require.NotNil(expectedState)
 
 	reqAttrs, err := structpb.NewStruct(map[string]any{
 		credential.ConstRegion:                    region,
@@ -315,6 +387,51 @@ func testPluginValidatePermissions(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage
 
 	_, err = p.ValidatePermissions(ctx, req)
 	require.Error(err)
+
+	var actualSBCState *pb.StorageBucketCredentialState
+	if st, ok := status.FromError(err); ok {
+		for _, detail := range st.Details() {
+			if statusDetail, ok := detail.(*pb.StorageBucketCredentialState); ok {
+				actualSBCState = statusDetail
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	require.NotNil(actualSBCState)
+	require.NotNil(actualSBCState.GetState())
+
+	expectedReadState := expectedState.GetState().GetRead()
+	if expectedReadState != nil {
+		actualReadState := actualSBCState.GetState().GetRead()
+		require.NotNil(actualReadState)
+		assert.Equal(expectedReadState.GetState(), actualReadState.GetState())
+		assert.NotEmpty(actualReadState.GetCheckedAt())
+		if expectedReadState.GetState() == pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR {
+			assert.NotEmpty(actualReadState.GetErrorDetails())
+		}
+	}
+
+	expectedWriteState := expectedState.GetState().GetWrite()
+	if expectedWriteState != nil {
+		actualWriteState := actualSBCState.GetState().GetWrite()
+		require.NotNil(actualWriteState)
+		assert.Equal(expectedWriteState.GetState(), actualWriteState.GetState())
+		assert.NotEmpty(actualWriteState.GetCheckedAt())
+		if expectedWriteState.GetState() == pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR {
+			assert.NotEmpty(actualWriteState.GetErrorDetails())
+		}
+	}
+
+	expectedDeleteState := expectedState.GetState().GetDelete()
+	if expectedDeleteState != nil {
+		actualDeleteState := actualSBCState.GetState().GetDelete()
+		require.NotNil(actualDeleteState)
+		assert.Equal(expectedDeleteState.GetState(), actualDeleteState.GetState())
+		assert.NotEmpty(actualDeleteState.GetCheckedAt())
+		if expectedDeleteState.GetState() == pb.StateType_STATE_TYPE_ERROR {
+			assert.NotEmpty(actualDeleteState.GetErrorDetails())
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 func testPluginObjectMethods(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.StoragePlugin, bucketName, region, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey string) {
@@ -369,7 +486,7 @@ func testPluginObjectMethods(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.Stora
 
 	// Need to create a GRPC server to test GetObject
 	t.Logf("testing GetObject")
-	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", "localhost:2030")
+	lis, err := net.Listen("tcp", "[::1]:2030")
 	require.NoError(err)
 	grpcServer := grpc.NewServer()
 	pb.RegisterStoragePluginServiceServer(grpcServer, &storage.StoragePlugin{})
@@ -377,7 +494,7 @@ func testPluginObjectMethods(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.Stora
 		grpcServer.Serve(lis)
 	}()
 
-	conn, err := grpc.Dial("localhost:2030", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
+	conn, err := grpc.Dial("[::1]:2030", grpc.WithTransportCredentials(insecure.NewCredentials()))
 	require.NoError(err)
 	defer conn.Close()
 	client := pb.NewStoragePluginServiceClient(conn)
@@ -409,3 +526,198 @@ func testPluginObjectMethods(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.Stora
 	require.NoError(conn.Close())
 	grpcServer.Stop()
 }
+
+// testListObjects verifies top-level and recursive listing by matching the exact keys and types of returned objects.
+func testListObjects(ctx context.Context, t *testing.T, p *storage.StoragePlugin, objectCount int, bucketName, region, accessKeyId, secretAccessKey string) {
+	t.Helper()
+	t.Logf("testing ListObjects (bucket=%s, region=%s, expectedObjects=%d, creds=%t)",
+		bucketName,
+		region,
+		objectCount,
+		accessKeyId != "" && secretAccessKey != "",
+	)
+	r := require.New(t)
+
+	reqAttrs, err := structpb.NewStruct(map[string]any{
+		credential.ConstRegion:                    region,
+		credential.ConstDisableCredentialRotation: true,
+	})
+	r.NoError(err)
+	reqSecrets, err := structpb.NewStruct(map[string]any{
+		credential.ConstAccessKeyId:     accessKeyId,
+		credential.ConstSecretAccessKey: secretAccessKey,
+	})
+	r.NoError(err)
+
+	bucket := &storagebuckets.StorageBucket{
+		BucketName: bucketName,
+		Attributes: reqAttrs,
+		Secrets:    reqSecrets,
+	}
+
+	// Test Scenario 1: Non-Paginated Listing
+	t.Run("NonPaginatedListing", func(t *testing.T) {
+
+		// Subtest for the non-recursive (top-level) option
+		t.Run("TopLevel", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := require.New(t)
+			t.Logf("testing ListObjects for a small set with recursive=false")
+			req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+				Bucket:    bucket,
+				KeyPrefix: "list-objects/",
+				Recursive: false,
+			}
+			resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+			r.NoError(err)
+			r.NotNil(resp)
+
+			expectedObjects := []*pb.Object{
+				{Key: "list-objects/file1.txt", IsDir: false},
+				{Key: "list-objects/data.json", IsDir: false},
+				{Key: "list-objects/nested-dir/", IsDir: true},
+				{Key: "list-objects/empty-nested-dir/", IsDir: true},
+			}
+			r.ElementsMatch(resp.Objects, expectedObjects)
+		})
+
+		// Subtest for the recursive option
+		t.Run("Recursive", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := require.New(t)
+			t.Logf("testing ListObjects for a small set with recursive=true")
+			req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+				Bucket:    bucket,
+				KeyPrefix: "list-objects/",
+				Recursive: true,
+			}
+			resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+			r.NoError(err)
+			r.NotNil(resp)
+
+			expectedObjects := []*pb.Object{
+				{Key: "list-objects/file1.txt", IsDir: false},
+				{Key: "list-objects/data.json", IsDir: false},
+				{Key: "list-objects/nested-dir/file2.txt", IsDir: false},
+				{Key: "list-objects/nested-dir/", IsDir: true},
+				{Key: "list-objects/empty-nested-dir/", IsDir: true},
+			}
+
+			r.ElementsMatch(resp.Objects, expectedObjects)
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Test Scenario 2: Paginated Top-Level Listing
+	t.Run("TopLevelListing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Subtest for the root prefix
+		t.Run("AtRoot", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := require.New(t)
+			t.Logf("testing ListObjects with recursive=false at root prefix")
+			req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+				Bucket:    bucket,
+				KeyPrefix: "list-objects-paginated/",
+				Recursive: false,
+			}
+			resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+			r.NoError(err)
+			r.NotNil(resp)
+
+			var expectedObjects []*pb.Object
+			for i := 0; i < objectCount; i++ {
+				key := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/root-file-%d.txt", i)
+				expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: key, IsDir: false})
+			}
+			for i := 0; i < objectCount; i++ {
+				keyEmpty := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/empty-dir-%d/", i)
+				expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyEmpty, IsDir: true})
+				keyNested := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/nested-dir-%d/", i)
+				expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyNested, IsDir: true})
+			}
+
+			r.ElementsMatch(resp.Objects, expectedObjects)
+		})
+
+		// Subtest for a nested prefix
+		t.Run("AtNestedPrefix", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := require.New(t)
+			t.Logf("testing ListObjects with recursive=false at a nested prefix")
+			req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+				Bucket:    bucket,
+				KeyPrefix: "list-objects-paginated/nested-dir-7/",
+				Recursive: false,
+			}
+			resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+			r.NoError(err)
+			r.NotNil(resp)
+
+			expectedObjects := []*pb.Object{
+				{Key: "list-objects-paginated/nested-dir-7/data-file-7.json", IsDir: false},
+			}
+
+			r.ElementsMatch(resp.Objects, expectedObjects)
+		})
+	})
+
+	// Test Scenario 3: Paginated Recursive Listing
+	t.Run("RecursiveListing", func(t *testing.T) {
+		r := require.New(t)
+		t.Logf("testing ListObjects with recursive=true")
+		req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+			Bucket:    bucket,
+			KeyPrefix: "list-objects-paginated/",
+			Recursive: true,
+		}
+		resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+		r.NoError(err)
+		r.NotNil(resp)
+
+		var expectedObjects []*pb.Object
+		for i := 0; i < objectCount; i++ {
+			keyFile := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/root-file-%d.txt", i)
+			expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyFile, IsDir: false})
+			keyNestedFile := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/nested-dir-%d/data-file-%d.json", i, i)
+			expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyNestedFile, IsDir: false})
+		}
+		for i := 0; i < objectCount; i++ {
+			keyNestedDir := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/nested-dir-%d/", i)
+			expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyNestedDir, IsDir: true})
+			keyEmptyDir := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/empty-dir-%d/", i)
+			expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyEmptyDir, IsDir: true})
+			keyNestedEmptyDir := fmt.Sprintf("list-objects-paginated/empty-dir-%d/dir-%d/", i, i)
+			expectedObjects = append(expectedObjects, &pb.Object{Key: keyNestedEmptyDir, IsDir: true})
+		}
+
+		r.ElementsMatch(resp.Objects, expectedObjects)
+	})
+
+	// Test Scenario 4: Edge cases
+	t.Run("EdgeCases", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Subtest for a prefix that doesn't exist
+		t.Run("NonExistentPrefix", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := require.New(t)
+			t.Logf("testing ListObjects for a non-existent prefix")
+			req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+				Bucket:    bucket,
+				KeyPrefix: "this/prefix/does/not/exist/",
+				Recursive: false,
+			}
+			resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+			r.NoError(err)
+			r.NotNil(resp)
+			r.Empty(resp.Objects)
+		})
+
+		// Subtest for listing inside a known empty directory
+		t.Run("InsideEmptyDirectory", func(t *testing.T) {
+			r := require.New(t)
+			t.Logf("testing ListObjects inside an empty directory")
+			req := &pb.ListObjectsRequest{
+				Bucket:    bucket,
+				KeyPrefix: "list-objects-paginated/empty-dirs/dir-10/",
+				Recursive: false,
+			}
+			resp, err := p.ListObjects(ctx, req)
+			r.NoError(err)
+			r.NotNil(resp)
+			r.Empty(resp.Objects)
+		})
+	})
+}

testing/testdata/host/iam.tf

@@ -1,24 +1,20 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
-variable "iam_user_prefix" {
-  default = "boundary-plugin-host-aws-test-iam-user"
-}
-
-variable "iam_user_count" {
-  default = 6
-}
-
 resource "random_id" "aws_iam_user_name" {
   count       = var.iam_user_count
-  prefix      = "${var.iam_user_prefix}-${count.index}"
+  prefix      = "demo-${local.hashicorp_email}-boundary-iam-user"
   byte_length = 4
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_user" "user" {
-  count         = var.iam_user_count
+  count                = var.iam_user_count
-  name          = random_id.aws_iam_user_name[count.index].dec
+  name                 = random_id.aws_iam_user_name[count.index].dec
-  force_destroy = true
+  force_destroy        = true
+  permissions_boundary = "arn:aws:iam::${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}:policy/DemoUser"
+  tags = {
+    "boundary-demo" = local.hashicorp_email
+  }
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_access_key" "user_initial_key" {
@@ -26,8 +22,13 @@ resource "aws_iam_access_key" "user_initial_key" {
   user  = aws_iam_user.user[count.index].name
 }
 
+resource "random_id" "aws_ec2_policy_name" {
+  prefix      = "BoundaryPluginHost"
+  byte_length = 4
+}
+
 resource "aws_iam_policy" "ec2_describeinstances" {
-  name = "BoundaryPluginHostAwsTestDescribeInstancesPolicy"
+  name = random_id.aws_ec2_policy_name.dec
 
   policy = <<EOF
 {
@@ -51,9 +52,15 @@ resource "aws_iam_user_policy_attachment" "user_ec2_describeinstances_attachment
   policy_arn = aws_iam_policy.ec2_describeinstances.arn
 }
 
+resource "random_id" "aws_iam_policy_name" {
+  count       = var.iam_user_count
+  prefix      = "BoundaryPluginCredentials"
+  byte_length = 4
+}
+
 resource "aws_iam_policy" "user_self_manage_policy" {
   count = var.iam_user_count
-  name  = "BoundaryPluginHostAwsTestUserSelfManagePolicy-${count.index}"
+  name  = random_id.aws_iam_policy_name[count.index].dec
 
   policy = <<EOF
 {

testing/testdata/host/main.tf

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 terraform {
   required_providers {
     aws = {
       source  = "hashicorp/aws"
-      version = "~> 3.0"
+      version = "~> 6.0"
     }
   }
 }

testing/testdata/host/variable.tf

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
+
+data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}
+
+variable "iam_user_count" {
+  default = 6
+}
+
+# We are using a shared account for testing so make sure the stale ec2
+# machine tags don't match for this test run
+resource "random_id" "foo_key" {
+  prefix      = "foo"
+  byte_length = 4
+}
+
+resource "random_id" "bar_key" {
+  prefix      = "bar"
+  byte_length = 4
+}
+
+resource "random_id" "baz_key" {
+  prefix      = "baz"
+  byte_length = 4
+}
+
+locals {
+  hashicorp_email = split(":", data.aws_caller_identity.current.user_id)[1]
+  
+  instance_tags = [
+    {
+      "${random_id.foo_key.dec}" = "true"
+    },
+    {
+      "${random_id.foo_key.dec}" = "true"
+      "${random_id.bar_key.dec}" = "true"
+    },
+    {
+      "${random_id.bar_key.dec}" = "true"
+    },
+    {
+      "${random_id.bar_key.dec}" = "true"
+      "${random_id.baz_key.dec}" = "true"
+    },
+    {
+      "${random_id.baz_key.dec}" = "true"
+    },
+  ]
+}

testing/testdata/host/vpc_ec2.tf

@@ -1,28 +1,6 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
-variable "instance_tags" {
-  default = [
-    {
-      "foo" = "true",
-    },
-    {
-      "foo" = "true",
-      "bar" = "true",
-    },
-    {
-      "bar" = "true",
-    },
-    {
-      "bar" = "true",
-      "baz" = "true",
-    },
-    {
-      "baz" = "true",
-    },
-  ]
-}
-
 data "aws_availability_zones" "azs" {}
 
 data "aws_ami" "ubuntu" {
@@ -52,12 +30,12 @@ resource "aws_subnet" "subnet" {
 }
 
 resource "aws_instance" "instances" {
-  count         = length(var.instance_tags)
+  count         = length(local.instance_tags)
   ami           = data.aws_ami.ubuntu.id
   instance_type = "t3.nano"
   subnet_id     = aws_subnet.subnet.id
 
-  tags = var.instance_tags[count.index]
+  tags = local.instance_tags[count.index]
 }
 
 output "instance_ids" {
@@ -74,4 +52,12 @@ output "instance_tags" {
   value = {
     for _, r in aws_instance.instances : r.id => r.tags
   }
-}
+}
+
+output "instance_tag_keys" {
+  value = [
+    random_id.foo_key.dec,
+    random_id.bar_key.dec,
+    random_id.baz_key.dec,
+  ]
+}

testing/testdata/main.tf

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 resource "random_id" "foo" {

testing/testdata/storage/iam.tf

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 resource "aws_iam_role" "valid" {
@@ -32,10 +32,20 @@ resource "aws_iam_policy" "valid" {
       "Action": [
         "s3:PutObject",
         "s3:GetObject",
-        "s3:GetObjectAttributes"
+        "s3:DeleteObject",
+        "s3:GetObjectAttributes",
+        "s3:ListBucket",
+        "s3:DeleteObject"
       ],
       "Effect": "Allow",
       "Resource": "${aws_s3_bucket.test.arn}*"
+    },
+    {
+      "Action": [
+        "s3:ListBucket"
+      ],
+      "Effect": "Allow",
+      "Resource": "${aws_s3_bucket.test.arn}"
     }
   ]
 
@@ -79,7 +89,9 @@ resource "aws_iam_policy" "missing_put_obj" {
     {
       "Action": [
         "s3:GetObject",
-        "s3:GetObjectAttributes"
+        "s3:GetObjectAttributes",
+        "s3:ListBucket",
+        "s3:DeleteObject"
       ],
       "Effect": "Allow",
       "Resource": "${aws_s3_bucket.test.arn}*"
@@ -125,7 +137,7 @@ resource "aws_iam_policy" "missing_get_obj" {
     {
       "Action": [
         "s3:PutObject",
-        "s3:GetObjectAttributes"
+        "s3:DeleteObject"
       ],
       "Effect": "Allow",
       "Resource": "${aws_s3_bucket.test.arn}*"
@@ -141,18 +153,67 @@ resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "missing_get_obj" {
   policy_arn = aws_iam_policy.missing_get_obj.arn
 }
 
+resource "aws_iam_role" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  name = "${random_id.prefix.dec}-missing-delete-obj"
+  tags = local.tags
+
+  assume_role_policy = jsonencode({
+    Version = "2012-10-17"
+    Statement = [
+      {
+        Action = "sts:AssumeRole"
+        Effect = "Allow"
+        Sid    = ""
+        Principal = {
+          AWS: data.aws_caller_identity.current.user_id
+        }
+      },
+    ]
+  })
+}
+
+resource "aws_iam_policy" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  name = "${random_id.prefix.dec}-missing-delete-obj"
+  tags = local.tags
+
+  policy = <<EOT
+{
+  "Version": "2012-10-17",
+  "Statement": [
+    {
+      "Action": [
+        "s3:PutObject",
+        "s3:GetObject",
+        "s3:GetObjectAttributes",
+        "s3:ListBucket"
+      ],
+      "Effect": "Allow",
+      "Resource": "${aws_s3_bucket.test.arn}*"
+    }
+  ]
+
+}
+EOT
+}
+
+resource "aws_iam_role_policy_attachment" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  role       = aws_iam_role.missing_delete_obj.name
+  policy_arn = aws_iam_policy.missing_delete_obj.arn
+}
+
 # Static Credential Testing
 resource "random_id" "user_name" {
   count       = var.iam_user_count
-  prefix      = random_id.prefix.dec
+  prefix      = "demo-${local.hashicorp_email}" # Do Not Remove/Edit. This is a requirement to obtain access in creating a iam user in the dev account.
   byte_length = 4
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_user" "test" {
-  count         = var.iam_user_count
+  count                = var.iam_user_count
-  name          = random_id.user_name[count.index].dec
+  name                 = random_id.user_name[count.index].dec
-  force_destroy = true
+  force_destroy        = true
-  tags          = local.tags
+  permissions_boundary = "arn:aws:iam::${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}:policy/DemoUser" # Do Not Remove/Edit. This is a requirement to obtain access in creating a iam user in the dev account.
+  tags                 = local.tags
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_access_key" "test" {
@@ -195,17 +256,42 @@ resource "aws_iam_user_policy_attachment" "test_credentials" {
   policy_arn = aws_iam_policy.credentials[count.index].arn
 }
 
+# Edge case for missing DeleteObject permission
+resource "random_id" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  prefix      =  "demo-${local.hashicorp_email}-boundary-iam-user"
+  byte_length = 4
+}
+
+resource "aws_iam_user" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  name          = random_id.missing_delete_obj.dec
+  force_destroy = true
+  permissions_boundary = "arn:aws:iam::${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}:policy/DemoUser"
+  tags = {
+    "boundary-demo" = local.hashicorp_email
+  }
+}
+
+resource "aws_iam_access_key" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  user  = aws_iam_user.missing_delete_obj.name
+}
+
+resource "aws_iam_user_policy_attachment" "missing_delete_obj" {
+  user       = aws_iam_user.missing_delete_obj.name
+  policy_arn = aws_iam_policy.missing_delete_obj.arn
+}
+
 # Edge case for missing GetObject permission
 
 resource "random_id" "missing_get_obj" {
-  prefix      = random_id.prefix.dec
+  prefix      = "demo-${local.hashicorp_email}" # Do Not Remove/Edit. This is a requirement to obtain access in creating a iam user in the dev account.
   byte_length = 4
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_user" "missing_get_obj" {
-  name          = random_id.missing_get_obj.dec
+  name                 = random_id.missing_get_obj.dec
-  force_destroy = true
+  force_destroy        = true
-  tags          = local.tags
+  permissions_boundary = "arn:aws:iam::${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}:policy/DemoUser" # Do Not Remove/Edit. This is a requirement to obtain access in creating a iam user in the dev account.
+  tags                 = local.tags
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_access_key" "missing_get_obj" {
@@ -220,14 +306,15 @@ resource "aws_iam_user_policy_attachment" "missing_get_obj" {
 # Edge case for missing PutObject permission
 
 resource "random_id" "missing_put_obj" {
-  prefix      = random_id.prefix.dec
+  prefix      = "demo-${local.hashicorp_email}" # Do Not Remove/Edit. This is a requirement to obtain access in creating a iam user in the dev account.
   byte_length = 4
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_user" "missing_put_obj" {
-  name          = random_id.missing_put_obj.dec
+  name                 = random_id.missing_put_obj.dec
-  force_destroy = true
+  force_destroy        = true
-  tags          = local.tags
+  permissions_boundary = "arn:aws:iam::${data.aws_caller_identity.current.account_id}:policy/DemoUser" # Do Not Remove/Edit. This is a requirement to obtain access in creating a iam user in the dev account.
+  tags                 = local.tags
 }
 
 resource "aws_iam_access_key" "missing_put_obj" {

testing/testdata/storage/main.tf

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 terraform {
   required_providers {
     aws = {
       source  = "hashicorp/aws"
-      version = "~> 3.0"
+      version = "~> 6.0"
     }
   }
 }

testing/testdata/storage/output.tf

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 output "bucket_name" {
@@ -6,15 +6,19 @@ output "bucket_name" {
 }
 
 output "valid_policy_arn" {
-    value = aws_iam_role.valid.arn
+  value = aws_iam_role.valid.arn
 }
 
 output "missing_put_obj_policy_arn" {
-    value = aws_iam_role.missing_put_obj.arn
+  value = aws_iam_role.missing_put_obj.arn
 }
 
-output "missing_put_get_policy_arn" {
+output "missing_get_obj_policy_arn" {
-    value = aws_iam_role.missing_get_obj.arn
+  value = aws_iam_role.missing_get_obj.arn
+}
+
+output "missing_delete_obj_policy_arn" {
+  value = aws_iam_role.missing_delete_obj.arn
 }
 
 output "iam_user_names" {
@@ -53,4 +57,19 @@ output "iam_access_key_missing_get_obj" {
 output "iam_secret_access_key_missing_get_obj" {
   value     = aws_iam_access_key.missing_get_obj.secret
   sensitive = true
-}
+}
+
+output "iam_access_key_missing_delete_obj" {
+  value     = aws_iam_access_key.missing_delete_obj.id
+  sensitive = true
+}
+
+output "iam_secret_access_key_missing_delete_obj" {
+  value     = aws_iam_access_key.missing_delete_obj.secret
+  sensitive = true
+}
+
+output "s3_pagination_test_object_count" {
+  description = "The number of S3 objects created for each pagination test scenario."
+  value       = local.s3_pagination_test_object_count
+}

testing/testdata/storage/s3.tf

@@ -1,9 +1,25 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 resource "aws_s3_bucket" "test" {
   bucket        = random_id.prefix.dec
   force_destroy = true
-  acl           = "private"
   tags          = local.tags
-}
+}
+
+resource "aws_s3_bucket_public_access_block" "secure_access" {
+  bucket = aws_s3_bucket.test.id
+
+  block_public_acls       = true
+  block_public_policy     = true
+  ignore_public_acls      = true
+  restrict_public_buckets = true
+}
+resource "aws_s3_object" "s3_files" {
+  for_each = local.s3_files
+
+  bucket  = aws_s3_bucket.test.id
+  key     = each.key
+  content = each.value
+  tags    = local.tags
+}

testing/testdata/storage/variable.tf

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+# Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 data "aws_caller_identity" "current" {}
 
 resource "random_id" "prefix" {
-  prefix      = "storage-e2e-test"
+  prefix      = "aws-plugin-e2e-test"
   byte_length = 4
 }
 
@@ -13,8 +13,50 @@ variable "iam_user_count" {
 }
 
 locals {
+  hashicorp_email = split(":", data.aws_caller_identity.current.user_id)[1]
   tags = {
-    user_id = split(":", data.aws_caller_identity.current.user_id)[1]
+    User        = split(":", data.aws_caller_identity.current.user_id)[1]
-    repo    = "boundary-plugin-aws" 
+    Repo        = "boundary-plugin-aws"
+    Environment = "Demo"
   }
-}
+
+  # total number of objects of each type to create
+  s3_pagination_test_object_count = 350
+  # Dynamically build a flat map of S3 objects:
+  # - root-level text files
+  # - nested JSON files
+  # - placeholder "empty directories"
+  # - some static files in list-objects directory
+  # This map is consumed directly by an aws_s3_object resource
+  s3_files = merge(
+    # Root-level text files
+    {
+      for i in range(local.s3_pagination_test_object_count) :
+      "list-objects-paginated/root-file-${i}.txt" => "This is a root-level file #${i}."
+    },
+
+    # Nested JSON files inside sub-directories
+    {
+      for i in range(local.s3_pagination_test_object_count) :
+      "list-objects-paginated/nested-dir-${i}/data-file-${i}.json" =>
+      jsonencode({
+        id      = i,
+        message = "This is a nested JSON file #${i}."
+      })
+    },
+
+    # "Empty" directories (in S3 these are just placeholder objects ending with `/`)
+    {
+      for i in range(local.s3_pagination_test_object_count) :
+      "list-objects-paginated/empty-dir-${i}/dir-${i}/" => "" # zero-length object to mimic directory
+    },
+
+    # Static example files in list-objects directory
+    {
+      "list-objects/file1.txt"            = "This is the content for file 1."
+      "list-objects/data.json"            = jsonencode({ key = "value", items = [1, 2, 3] })
+      "list-objects/nested-dir/file2.txt" = "This is a nested file."
+      "list-objects/empty-nested-dir/"    = ""
+    }
+  )
+}

testing/testing.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package testing

testing/testing_test.go

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Copyright (c) HashiCorp, Inc.
+// Copyright IBM Corp. 2021, 2026
 // SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
 
 package testing