diff --git a/internal/clientcache/cmd/daemon/start.go b/internal/clientcache/cmd/daemon/start.go
index 16b28f753..ea0a4f26f 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/cmd/daemon/start.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/cmd/daemon/start.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"path/filepath"
 	"strings"
 	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/cmd/base"
@@ -46,12 +47,13 @@ type server interface {
 type StartCommand struct {
 	*base.Command
 
-	flagRefreshIntervalSeconds int64
-	flagDatabaseUrl            string
-	flagLogLevel               string
-	flagLogFormat              string
-	flagStoreDebug             bool
-	flagBackground             bool
+	flagRefreshInterval   time.Duration
+	flagFullFetchInterval time.Duration
+	flagDatabaseUrl       string
+	flagLogLevel          string
+	flagLogFormat         string
+	flagStoreDebug        bool
+	flagBackground        bool
 }
 
 func (c *StartCommand) Synopsis() string {
@@ -95,12 +97,17 @@ func (c *StartCommand) Flags() *base.FlagSets {
 		Target: &c.flagDatabaseUrl,
 		Usage:  `If set, specifies the URL used to connect to the sqlite database (store) for caching. This can refer to a file on disk (file://) from which a URL will be read; an env var (env://) from which the URL will be read; or a direct database URL.`,
 	})
-	f.Int64Var(&base.Int64Var{
+	f.DurationVar(&base.DurationVar{
 		Name:    "refresh-interval-seconds",
-		Target:  &c.flagRefreshIntervalSeconds,
-		Usage:   `If set, specifies the number of seconds between cache refreshes. Default: 5 minutes`,
-		Aliases: []string{"r"},
-		Default: daemon.DefaultRefreshIntervalSeconds,
+		Target:  &c.flagRefreshInterval,
+		Usage:   `If set, specifies the number of seconds between refresh token supported cache refreshes. Default: 1 minute`,
+		Default: daemon.DefaultRefreshIntervalSeconds * time.Second,
+	})
+	f.DurationVar(&base.DurationVar{
+		Name:    "full-fetch-interval-seconds",
+		Target:  &c.flagFullFetchInterval,
+		Usage:   `If set, specifies the number of seconds between full cache refresh for boundary instances which do not support refresh tokens. Default: 5 minutes`,
+		Default: daemon.DefaultFullFetchIntervalSeconds * time.Second,
 	})
 	f.BoolVar(&base.BoolVar{
 		Name:    "store-debug",
@@ -175,14 +182,15 @@ func (c *StartCommand) Run(args []string) int {
 	writers = append(writers, logFile)
 
 	cfg := &daemon.Config{
-		ContextCancel:          cancel,
-		RefreshIntervalSeconds: c.flagRefreshIntervalSeconds,
-		DatabaseUrl:            c.flagDatabaseUrl,
-		StoreDebug:             c.flagStoreDebug,
-		LogLevel:               c.flagLogLevel,
-		LogFormat:              c.flagLogFormat,
-		LogWriter:              io.MultiWriter(writers...),
-		DotDirectory:           dotDir,
+		ContextCancel:     cancel,
+		RefreshInterval:   c.flagRefreshInterval,
+		FullFetchInterval: c.flagFullFetchInterval,
+		DatabaseUrl:       c.flagDatabaseUrl,
+		StoreDebug:        c.flagStoreDebug,
+		LogLevel:          c.flagLogLevel,
+		LogFormat:         c.flagLogFormat,
+		LogWriter:         io.MultiWriter(writers...),
+		DotDirectory:      dotDir,
 	}
 
 	srv, err := daemon.New(ctx, cfg)
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options.go
index 7a4e04b78..c6780a7b1 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options.go
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@ import (
 type options struct {
 	withUpdateLastAccessedTime bool
 	withDbType                 dbw.DbType
+	withAuthTokenId            string
+	withUserId                 string
 	withTargetRetrievalFunc    TargetRetrievalFunc
 	withSessionRetrievalFunc   SessionRetrievalFunc
 }
@@ -42,6 +44,22 @@ func WithUpdateLastAccessedTime(b bool) Option {
 	}
 }
 
+// withUserId provides an option for providing an auth token id
+func withAuthTokenId(id string) Option {
+	return func(o *options) error {
+		o.withAuthTokenId = id
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// withUserId provides an option for providing a user id
+func withUserId(id string) Option {
+	return func(o *options) error {
+		o.withUserId = id
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 // WithTargetRetrievalFunc provides an option for specifying a targetRetrievalFunc
 func WithTargetRetrievalFunc(fn TargetRetrievalFunc) Option {
 	return func(o *options) error {
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options_test.go
index 7724918f2..7f60342a4 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/options_test.go
@@ -32,6 +32,20 @@ func Test_GetOpts(t *testing.T) {
 		testOpts.withUpdateLastAccessedTime = true
 		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
 	})
+	t.Run("withUserId", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(withUserId("u123"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		testOpts.withUserId = "u123"
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("withAuthTokenId", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(withAuthTokenId("at123"))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		testOpts.withAuthTokenId = "at123"
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
 	t.Run("WithTargetRetrievalFunc", func(t *testing.T) {
 		var f TargetRetrievalFunc = func(ctx context.Context, addr, authTok string, refreshTok RefreshTokenValue) ([]*targets.Target, []string, RefreshTokenValue, error) {
 			return nil, nil, "", nil
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh.go
index 342f0ab7e..37cee1ec2 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh.go
@@ -88,11 +88,50 @@ func (r *RefreshService) cleanAndPickAuthTokens(ctx context.Context, u *user) (m
 	return ret, nil
 }
 
-// Refresh iterates over all tokens in the cache, attempts to read the
-// resources for those tokens from boundary and updates the cache with
-// the values retrieved there.  Refresh accepts the options
-// WithTarget which overwrites the default function used to retrieve the
-// targets from a boundary address.
+// refreshableUsers filters the provided users down to the set of users who can
+// have their resources refreshed using refresh tokens.  A user is returned by
+// this method if it has no resources in storage at all or it has a refresh
+// token for any resource.
+func (r *RefreshService) refreshableUsers(ctx context.Context, in []*user) ([]*user, error) {
+	const op = "cache.(RefreshService).refreshableUsers"
+	var ret []*user
+	for _, u := range in {
+		rt, err := r.repo.listRefreshTokens(ctx, u)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+		if len(rt) > 0 {
+			ret = append(ret, u)
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// If any resource exists for this user, since it doesn't have a refresh
+		// token yet it is not refreshable.
+		ts, err := r.repo.searchTargets(ctx, "true", nil, withUserId(u.Id))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+		if len(ts) > 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		ss, err := r.repo.searchSessions(ctx, "true", nil, withUserId(u.Id))
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+		if len(ss) > 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		ret = append(ret, u)
+	}
+	return ret, nil
+}
+
+// Refresh iterates over all tokens in the cache that are for users who either
+// have a refresh token or which do not have any resources in the cache yet. It
+// then attempts to read those user's resources from boundary and updates the
+// cache with the values retrieved there. Refresh accepts the options
+// WithTargetRetrievalFunc and WithSessionRetrievalFunc which overwrites the
+// default functions used to retrieve those resources from boundary.
 func (r *RefreshService) Refresh(ctx context.Context, opt ...Option) error {
 	const op = "cache.(RefreshService).Refresh"
 	if err := r.repo.cleanExpiredOrOrphanedAuthTokens(ctx); err != nil {
@@ -106,6 +145,12 @@ func (r *RefreshService) Refresh(ctx context.Context, opt ...Option) error {
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
+
+	us, err = r.refreshableUsers(ctx, us)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+
 	var retErr error
 	for _, u := range us {
 		tokens, err := r.cleanAndPickAuthTokens(ctx, u)
@@ -124,3 +169,55 @@ func (r *RefreshService) Refresh(ctx context.Context, opt ...Option) error {
 	}
 	return retErr
 }
+
+// FullFetch is used for users of boundary instances which do not support
+// refresh tokens. For these users a call to FullFetch retrieves all resources
+// for that user and updates the database with the result. Users are identified
+// as being in this group if they have at least one resource in the cache and
+// do not have any refresh tokens. Users who do not have any resources nor
+// refresh tokens are updated using Refresh.
+func (r *RefreshService) FullFetch(ctx context.Context, opt ...Option) error {
+	const op = "cache.(RefreshService).Refresh"
+	if err := r.repo.cleanExpiredOrOrphanedAuthTokens(ctx); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	if err := r.repo.syncKeyringlessTokensWithDb(ctx); err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+
+	us, err := r.repo.listUsers(ctx)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+
+	removeUsers, err := r.refreshableUsers(ctx, us)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	removedUserIds := make(map[string]struct{}, len(removeUsers))
+	for _, ru := range removeUsers {
+		removedUserIds[ru.Id] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	var retErr error
+	for _, u := range us {
+		if _, ok := removedUserIds[u.Id]; ok {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		tokens, err := r.cleanAndPickAuthTokens(ctx, u)
+		if err != nil {
+			retErr = stderrors.Join(retErr, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if err := r.repo.fullFetchTargets(ctx, u, tokens, opt...); err != nil {
+			retErr = stderrors.Join(retErr, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op))
+		}
+		if err := r.repo.fullFetchSessions(ctx, u, tokens, opt...); err != nil {
+			retErr = stderrors.Join(retErr, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op))
+		}
+
+	}
+	return retErr
+}
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh_test.go
index ba3cc86f8..5525aa55a 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/refresh_test.go
@@ -52,6 +52,12 @@ func testStaticResourceRetrievalFunc[T any](t *testing.T, ret [][]T, removed [][
 	}
 }
 
+func testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[T any](t *testing.T, ret []T) func(context.Context, string, string, RefreshTokenValue) ([]T, []string, RefreshTokenValue, error) {
+	return func(_ context.Context, _, _ string, _ RefreshTokenValue) ([]T, []string, RefreshTokenValue, error) {
+		return ret, nil, "", nil
+	}
+}
+
 // testErroringForRefreshTokenRetrievalFunc returns a refresh token error when
 // the refresh token is not empty.  This is useful for testing behavior when
 // the refresh token has expired or is otherwise invalid.
@@ -303,8 +309,6 @@ func TestCleanAndPickTokens(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
-	s, err := db.Open(ctx)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	boundaryAddr := "address"
 	u := &user{Id: "u1", Address: boundaryAddr}
@@ -317,15 +321,18 @@ func TestRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 
 	boundaryAuthTokens := []*authtokens.AuthToken{at}
 	atMap := make(map[ringToken]*authtokens.AuthToken)
-	r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
-	require.NoError(t, err)
-	rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
-	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	atMap[ringToken{"k", "t"}] = at
-	require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
 
 	t.Run("set targets", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
 		retTargets := []*targets.Target{
 			target("1"),
 			target("2"),
@@ -359,6 +366,14 @@ func TestRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("set sessions", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
 		retSess := []*sessions.Session{
 			session("1"),
 			session("2"),
@@ -391,8 +406,16 @@ func TestRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("error propogates up", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
 		innerErr := errors.New("test error")
-		err := rs.Refresh(ctx,
+		err = rs.Refresh(ctx,
 			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testStaticResourceRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, nil, nil)),
 			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(func(ctx context.Context, addr, token string, refreshTok RefreshTokenValue) ([]*targets.Target, []string, RefreshTokenValue, error) {
 				require.Equal(t, boundaryAddr, addr)
@@ -411,6 +434,14 @@ func TestRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 
 	t.Run("tokens that are no longer in the ring is deleted", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
 		// Remove the token from the keyring, see that we can still see the
 		// token and then user until a Refresh happens which causes them to be
 		// cleaned up.
@@ -439,6 +470,178 @@ func TestRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 	})
 }
 
+func TestFullFetch(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	boundaryAddr := "address"
+	u := &user{Id: "u1", Address: boundaryAddr}
+	at := &authtokens.AuthToken{
+		Id:             "at_1",
+		Token:          "at_1_token",
+		UserId:         u.Id,
+		ExpirationTime: time.Now().Add(time.Minute),
+	}
+
+	boundaryAuthTokens := []*authtokens.AuthToken{at}
+	atMap := make(map[ringToken]*authtokens.AuthToken)
+
+	atMap[ringToken{"k", "t"}] = at
+
+	t.Run("set targets", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
+		retTargets := []*targets.Target{
+			target("1"),
+			target("2"),
+			target("3"),
+			target("4"),
+		}
+		// Since this user doesn't have any resources, the user's data will still
+		// only get updated with a call to Refresh.
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, nil)),
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, retTargets))))
+
+		got, err := r.ListTargets(ctx, at.Id)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, got)
+
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.Refresh(ctx,
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, nil)),
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, retTargets[:2]))))
+
+		got, err = r.ListTargets(ctx, at.Id)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, got, retTargets[:2])
+
+		// now a full fetch will work since the user has resources and no refresh token
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, nil)),
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, retTargets))))
+
+		got, err = r.ListTargets(ctx, at.Id)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, got, retTargets)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("set sessions", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
+		retSess := []*sessions.Session{
+			session("1"),
+			session("2"),
+			session("3"),
+			session("4"),
+		}
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, nil)),
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, retSess))))
+
+		got, err := r.ListSessions(ctx, at.Id)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, got)
+
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.Refresh(ctx,
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, nil)),
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, retSess[:2]))))
+		got, err = r.ListSessions(ctx, at.Id)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, got, retSess[:2])
+
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, nil)),
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, retSess))))
+		got, err = r.ListSessions(ctx, at.Id)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.ElementsMatch(t, got, retSess)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("error propogates up", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.Refresh(ctx,
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, []*targets.Target{target("1")})),
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, []*sessions.Session{session("1")}))))
+
+		innerErr := errors.New("test error")
+		err = rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, nil)),
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(func(ctx context.Context, addr, token string, refreshTok RefreshTokenValue) ([]*targets.Target, []string, RefreshTokenValue, error) {
+				require.Equal(t, boundaryAddr, addr)
+				require.Equal(t, at.Token, token)
+				return nil, nil, "", innerErr
+			}))
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, innerErr.Error())
+
+		err = rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, nil)),
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(func(ctx context.Context, addr, token string, refreshTok RefreshTokenValue) ([]*sessions.Session, []string, RefreshTokenValue, error) {
+				require.Equal(t, boundaryAddr, addr)
+				require.Equal(t, at.Token, token)
+				return nil, nil, "", innerErr
+			}))
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, innerErr.Error())
+	})
+
+	t.Run("tokens that are no longer in the ring is deleted", func(t *testing.T) {
+		s, err := db.Open(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{}, mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(atMap), sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(boundaryAuthTokens))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		rs, err := NewRefreshService(ctx, r)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		require.NoError(t, r.AddKeyringToken(ctx, boundaryAddr, KeyringToken{KeyringType: "k", TokenName: "t", AuthTokenId: at.Id}))
+
+		assert.NoError(t, rs.Refresh(ctx,
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, []*targets.Target{target("1")})),
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, []*sessions.Session{session("1")}))))
+
+		// Remove the token from the keyring, see that we can still see the
+		// token and then user until a Refresh happens which causes them to be
+		// cleaned up.
+		delete(atMap, ringToken{"k", "t"})
+
+		ps, err := r.listTokens(ctx, u)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Len(t, ps, 1)
+
+		us, err := r.listUsers(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Len(t, us, 1)
+
+		rs.FullFetch(ctx,
+			WithSessionRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*sessions.Session](t, nil)),
+			WithTargetRetrievalFunc(testFullFetchRetrievalFunc[*targets.Target](t, nil)))
+
+		ps, err = r.listTokens(ctx, u)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, ps)
+
+		// And since the last token was deleted, the user also was deleted
+		us, err = r.listUsers(ctx)
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, us)
+	})
+}
+
 func target(suffix string) *targets.Target {
 	return &targets.Target{
 		Id:          fmt.Sprintf("target_%s", suffix),
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token.go
index 0f53ca5ec..e7058e792 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package cache
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"database/sql"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/db"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/errors"
@@ -43,6 +44,22 @@ func (r *Repository) lookupRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, u *user, resourceTy
 	return rt.RefreshToken, nil
 }
 
+// listRefreshTokens returns all refresh tokens associated with a specific user
+func (r *Repository) listRefreshTokens(ctx context.Context, u *user) ([]*refreshToken, error) {
+	const op = "cache.(Repository).listRefreshTokens"
+	switch {
+	case util.IsNil(u):
+		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user is nil")
+	case u.Id == "":
+		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user id is empty")
+	}
+	var ret []*refreshToken
+	if err := r.rw.SearchWhere(ctx, &ret, "user_id = @user_id", []any{sql.Named("user_id", u.Id)}); err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	return ret, nil
+}
+
 // deleteRefreshToken deletes the refresh token for the provided user and resource type
 func (r *Repository) deleteRefreshToken(ctx context.Context, u *user, rType resourceType) error {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).deleteRefreshToken"
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token_test.go
index bbc729f93..24340d9ea 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_refresh_token_test.go
@@ -15,6 +15,62 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 )
 
+func TestListRefreshToken(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	s, err := cachedb.Open(ctx)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	r, err := NewRepository(ctx, s, &sync.Map{},
+		mapBasedAuthTokenKeyringLookup(map[ringToken]*authtokens.AuthToken{}),
+		sliceBasedAuthTokenBoundaryReader(nil))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	t.Run("nil user", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got, err := r.listRefreshTokens(ctx, nil)
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "user is nil")
+		assert.Nil(t, got)
+	})
+	t.Run("empty user id", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got, err := r.listRefreshTokens(ctx, &user{Address: ""})
+		assert.ErrorContains(t, err, "user id is empty")
+		assert.Nil(t, got)
+	})
+	t.Run("empty response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		got, err := r.listRefreshTokens(ctx, &user{Id: "u123"})
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Empty(t, got)
+	})
+	t.Run("got target response", func(t *testing.T) {
+		known := &user{Id: "withtargetresponse", Address: "addr"}
+		require.NoError(t, r.rw.Create(ctx, known))
+
+		token := RefreshTokenValue("something")
+		r.rw.DoTx(ctx, 1, db.ExpBackoff{}, func(r db.Reader, w db.Writer) error {
+			require.NoError(t, upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, known, targetResourceType, token))
+			return nil
+		})
+
+		got, err := r.listRefreshTokens(ctx, known)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Len(t, got, 1)
+	})
+	t.Run("got multiple responses", func(t *testing.T) {
+		known := &user{Id: "with multiple responses", Address: "addr"}
+		require.NoError(t, r.rw.Create(ctx, known))
+
+		token := RefreshTokenValue("something")
+		r.rw.DoTx(ctx, 1, db.ExpBackoff{}, func(r db.Reader, w db.Writer) error {
+			require.NoError(t, upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, known, targetResourceType, token))
+			require.NoError(t, upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, known, sessionResourceType, token))
+			return nil
+		})
+
+		got, err := r.listRefreshTokens(ctx, known)
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Len(t, got, 2)
+	})
+}
+
 func TestLookupRefreshToken(t *testing.T) {
 	ctx := context.Background()
 	s, err := cachedb.Open(ctx)
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions.go
index a28acb147..3ef6dd82c 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions.go
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ func defaultSessionFunc(ctx context.Context, addr, authTok string, refreshTok Re
 	return l.Items, l.RemovedIds, RefreshTokenValue(l.RefreshToken), nil
 }
 
+// refreshSessions uses attempts to refresh the sessions for the provided user
+// using the provided tokens. If available, it uses the refresh tokens in
+// storage to retrieve and apply only the delta.
 func (r *Repository) refreshSessions(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[AuthToken]string, opt ...Option) error {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).refreshSessions"
 	switch {
@@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ func (r *Repository) refreshSessions(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[Au
 	}
 
 	event.WriteSysEvent(ctx, op, fmt.Sprintf("updating %d sessions for user %v", len(resp), u))
-	_, err = r.rw.DoTx(ctx, db.StdRetryCnt, db.ExpBackoff{}, func(r db.Reader, w db.Writer) error {
+	_, err = r.rw.DoTx(ctx, db.StdRetryCnt, db.ExpBackoff{}, func(_ db.Reader, w db.Writer) error {
 		switch {
 		case oldRefreshToken == "":
 			if _, err := w.Exec(ctx, "delete from session where user_id = @user_id",
@@ -115,28 +118,9 @@ func (r *Repository) refreshSessions(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[Au
 			}
 		}
 
-		for _, s := range resp {
-			item, err := json.Marshal(s)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			newSession := &Session{
-				UserId:   u.Id,
-				Id:       s.Id,
-				Type:     s.Type,
-				Status:   s.Status,
-				Endpoint: s.Endpoint,
-				Item:     string(item),
-			}
-			onConflict := db.OnConflict{
-				Target: db.Columns{"user_id", "id"},
-				Action: db.UpdateAll(true),
-			}
-			if err := w.Create(ctx, newSession, db.WithOnConflict(&onConflict)); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
+		if err := upsertSessions(ctx, w, u, resp); err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
-
 		if err := upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, u, resourceType, newRefreshToken); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -148,13 +132,117 @@ func (r *Repository) refreshSessions(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[Au
 	return nil
 }
 
+// fullFetchSessions fetches all sessions for the provided user and sets the
+// cache to match the values returned.  If the response includes a refresh
+// token it will save that as well.
+func (r *Repository) fullFetchSessions(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[AuthToken]string, opt ...Option) error {
+	const op = "cache.(Repository).fullFetchSessions"
+	switch {
+	case util.IsNil(u):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user is nil")
+	case u.Id == "":
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user id is missing")
+	case u.Address == "":
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user boundary address is missing")
+	}
+	const resourceType = sessionResourceType
+
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	if opts.withSessionRetrievalFunc == nil {
+		opts.withSessionRetrievalFunc = defaultSessionFunc
+	}
+
+	// Find and use a token for retrieving sessions
+	var gotResponse bool
+	var resp []*sessions.Session
+	var newRefreshToken RefreshTokenValue
+	var retErr error
+	for at, t := range tokens {
+		resp, _, newRefreshToken, err = opts.withSessionRetrievalFunc(ctx, u.Address, t, "")
+		if err != nil {
+			retErr = stderrors.Join(retErr, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op, errors.WithMsg("for token %q", at.Id)))
+			continue
+		}
+		gotResponse = true
+		break
+	}
+
+	if retErr != nil {
+		if saveErr := r.SaveError(ctx, u, resourceType, retErr); saveErr != nil {
+			return stderrors.Join(err, errors.Wrap(ctx, saveErr, op))
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotResponse {
+		return retErr
+	}
+
+	event.WriteSysEvent(ctx, op, fmt.Sprintf("updating %d sessions for user %v", len(resp), u))
+	_, err = r.rw.DoTx(ctx, db.StdRetryCnt, db.ExpBackoff{}, func(_ db.Reader, w db.Writer) error {
+		if _, err := w.Exec(ctx, "delete from session where user_id = @user_id",
+			[]any{sql.Named("user_id", u.Id)}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err := upsertSessions(ctx, w, u, resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if err := upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, u, resourceType, newRefreshToken); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// upsertSessions upserts the provided sessions to be stored for the provided user.
+func upsertSessions(ctx context.Context, w db.Writer, u *user, in []*sessions.Session) error {
+	const op = "cache.upsertSessions"
+	switch {
+	case util.IsNil(w):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "writer is nil")
+	case !w.IsTx(ctx):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "writer isn't in a transaction")
+	case util.IsNil(u):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user is nil")
+	}
+
+	for _, s := range in {
+		item, err := json.Marshal(s)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+		newSession := &Session{
+			UserId:   u.Id,
+			Id:       s.Id,
+			Type:     s.Type,
+			Status:   s.Status,
+			Endpoint: s.Endpoint,
+			Item:     string(item),
+		}
+		onConflict := db.OnConflict{
+			Target: db.Columns{"user_id", "id"},
+			Action: db.UpdateAll(true),
+		}
+		if err := w.Create(ctx, newSession, db.WithOnConflict(&onConflict)); err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (r *Repository) ListSessions(ctx context.Context, authTokenId string) ([]*sessions.Session, error) {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).ListSessions"
 	switch {
 	case authTokenId == "":
 		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "auth token id is missing")
 	}
-	ret, err := r.searchSessions(ctx, authTokenId, "true", nil)
+	ret, err := r.searchSessions(ctx, "true", nil, withAuthTokenId(authTokenId))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
@@ -174,26 +262,39 @@ func (r *Repository) QuerySessions(ctx context.Context, authTokenId, query strin
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op, errors.WithCode(errors.InvalidParameter))
 	}
-	ret, err := r.searchSessions(ctx, authTokenId, w.Condition, w.Args)
+	ret, err := r.searchSessions(ctx, w.Condition, w.Args, withAuthTokenId(authTokenId))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
 	return ret, nil
 }
 
-func (r *Repository) searchSessions(ctx context.Context, authTokenId, condition string, searchArgs []any) ([]*sessions.Session, error) {
+func (r *Repository) searchSessions(ctx context.Context, condition string, searchArgs []any, opt ...Option) ([]*sessions.Session, error) {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).searchSessions"
 	switch {
-	case authTokenId == "":
-		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "auth token id is missing")
 	case condition == "":
 		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "condition is missing")
 	}
 
-	condition = fmt.Sprintf("%s and user_id in (select user_id from auth_token where id = ?)", condition)
-	args := append(searchArgs, authTokenId)
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	switch {
+	case opts.withAuthTokenId != "" && opts.withUserId != "":
+		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "both user id and auth token id were provided")
+	case opts.withAuthTokenId == "" && opts.withUserId == "":
+		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "neither user id nor auth token id were provided")
+	case opts.withAuthTokenId != "":
+		condition = fmt.Sprintf("%s and user_id in (select user_id from auth_token where id = ?)", condition)
+		searchArgs = append(searchArgs, opts.withAuthTokenId)
+	case opts.withUserId != "":
+		condition = fmt.Sprintf("%s and user_id = ?", condition)
+		searchArgs = append(searchArgs, opts.withUserId)
+	}
+
 	var cachedSessions []*Session
-	if err := r.rw.SearchWhere(ctx, &cachedSessions, condition, args, db.WithLimit(-1)); err != nil {
+	if err := r.rw.SearchWhere(ctx, &cachedSessions, condition, searchArgs, db.WithLimit(-1)); err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions_test.go
index 369d07ee5..e558c1515 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_sessions_test.go
@@ -426,6 +426,7 @@ func TestDefaultSessionRetrievalFunc(t *testing.T) {
 	tc.Client().SetToken(tc.Token().Token)
 	tarClient := targets.NewClient(tc.Client())
 	_ = worker.NewTestWorker(t, &worker.TestWorkerOpts{
+		Name:             "test",
 		InitialUpstreams: tc.ClusterAddrs(),
 		WorkerAuthKms:    tc.Config().WorkerAuthKms,
 	})
@@ -433,8 +434,10 @@ func TestDefaultSessionRetrievalFunc(t *testing.T) {
 	tar1, err := tarClient.Create(tc.Context(), "tcp", "p_1234567890", targets.WithName("tar1"), targets.WithTcpTargetDefaultPort(1), targets.WithAddress("address"))
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.NotNil(t, tar1)
+
+	require.NoError(t, tc.WaitForNextWorkerStatusUpdate("test"))
 	_, err = tarClient.AuthorizeSession(tc.Context(), tar1.Item.Id)
-	assert.NoError(t, err)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	got, removed, refTok, err := defaultSessionFunc(tc.Context(), tc.ApiAddrs()[0], tc.Token().Token, "")
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets.go
index 26c4077d8..614d21dae 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets.go
@@ -43,6 +43,9 @@ func defaultTargetFunc(ctx context.Context, addr, authTok string, refreshTok Ref
 	return l.Items, l.RemovedIds, RefreshTokenValue(l.RefreshToken), nil
 }
 
+// refreshTargets uses attempts to refresh the targets for the provided user
+// using the provided tokens. If available, it uses the refresh tokens in
+// storage to retrieve and apply only the delta.
 func (r *Repository) refreshTargets(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[AuthToken]string, opt ...Option) error {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).refreshTargets"
 	switch {
@@ -112,28 +115,9 @@ func (r *Repository) refreshTargets(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[Aut
 			}
 		}
 
-		for _, t := range resp {
-			item, err := json.Marshal(t)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			newTarget := &Target{
-				UserId:      u.Id,
-				Id:          t.Id,
-				Name:        t.Name,
-				Description: t.Description,
-				Address:     t.Address,
-				Item:        string(item),
-			}
-			onConflict := db.OnConflict{
-				Target: db.Columns{"user_id", "id"},
-				Action: db.UpdateAll(true),
-			}
-			if err := w.Create(ctx, newTarget, db.WithOnConflict(&onConflict)); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
+		if err := upsertTargets(ctx, w, u, resp); err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
-
 		if newRefreshToken != "" || oldRefreshToken != "" {
 			if err := upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, u, resourceType, newRefreshToken); err != nil {
 				return err
@@ -147,13 +131,116 @@ func (r *Repository) refreshTargets(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[Aut
 	return nil
 }
 
+// fullFetchTargets fetches all targets for the provided user and sets the
+// cache to match the values returned.  If the response includes a refresh
+// token it will save that as well.
+func (r *Repository) fullFetchTargets(ctx context.Context, u *user, tokens map[AuthToken]string, opt ...Option) error {
+	const op = "cache.(Repository).fullFetchTargets"
+	switch {
+	case util.IsNil(u):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user is nil")
+	case u.Id == "":
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user id is missing")
+	}
+	const resourceType = targetResourceType
+
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	if opts.withTargetRetrievalFunc == nil {
+		opts.withTargetRetrievalFunc = defaultTargetFunc
+	}
+
+	// Find and use a token for retrieving targets
+	var gotResponse bool
+	var resp []*targets.Target
+	var newRefreshToken RefreshTokenValue
+	var retErr error
+	for at, t := range tokens {
+		resp, _, newRefreshToken, err = opts.withTargetRetrievalFunc(ctx, u.Address, t, "")
+		if err != nil {
+			retErr = stderrors.Join(retErr, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op, errors.WithMsg("for token %q", at.Id)))
+			continue
+		}
+		gotResponse = true
+		break
+	}
+	if retErr != nil {
+		if saveErr := r.SaveError(ctx, u, resourceType, retErr); saveErr != nil {
+			return stderrors.Join(err, errors.Wrap(ctx, saveErr, op))
+		}
+	}
+	if !gotResponse {
+		return retErr
+	}
+
+	event.WriteSysEvent(ctx, op, fmt.Sprintf("updating %d targets for user %v", len(resp), u))
+	_, err = r.rw.DoTx(ctx, db.StdRetryCnt, db.ExpBackoff{}, func(r db.Reader, w db.Writer) error {
+		if _, err := w.Exec(ctx, "delete from target where user_id = @user_id",
+			[]any{sql.Named("user_id", u.Id)}); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if err := upsertTargets(ctx, w, u, resp); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		if newRefreshToken != "" {
+			if err := upsertRefreshToken(ctx, w, u, resourceType, newRefreshToken); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+		return nil
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// upsertTargets upserts the provided targets to be stored for the provided user.
+func upsertTargets(ctx context.Context, w db.Writer, u *user, in []*targets.Target) error {
+	const op = "cache.upsertTargets"
+	switch {
+	case util.IsNil(w):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "writer is nil")
+	case !w.IsTx(ctx):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "writer isn't in a transaction")
+	case util.IsNil(u):
+		return errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user is nil")
+	}
+
+	for _, t := range in {
+		item, err := json.Marshal(t)
+		if err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+		newTarget := &Target{
+			UserId:      u.Id,
+			Id:          t.Id,
+			Name:        t.Name,
+			Description: t.Description,
+			Address:     t.Address,
+			Item:        string(item),
+		}
+		onConflict := db.OnConflict{
+			Target: db.Columns{"user_id", "id"},
+			Action: db.UpdateAll(true),
+		}
+		if err := w.Create(ctx, newTarget, db.WithOnConflict(&onConflict)); err != nil {
+			return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 func (r *Repository) ListTargets(ctx context.Context, authTokenId string) ([]*targets.Target, error) {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).ListTargets"
 	switch {
 	case authTokenId == "":
 		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "auth token id is missing")
 	}
-	ret, err := r.searchTargets(ctx, authTokenId, "true", nil)
+	ret, err := r.searchTargets(ctx, "true", nil, withAuthTokenId(authTokenId))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
@@ -173,26 +260,39 @@ func (r *Repository) QueryTargets(ctx context.Context, authTokenId, query string
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op, errors.WithCode(errors.InvalidParameter))
 	}
-	ret, err := r.searchTargets(ctx, authTokenId, w.Condition, w.Args)
+	ret, err := r.searchTargets(ctx, w.Condition, w.Args, withAuthTokenId(authTokenId))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
 	return ret, nil
 }
 
-func (r *Repository) searchTargets(ctx context.Context, authTokenId, condition string, searchArgs []any) ([]*targets.Target, error) {
+func (r *Repository) searchTargets(ctx context.Context, condition string, searchArgs []any, opt ...Option) ([]*targets.Target, error) {
 	const op = "cache.(Repository).searchTargets"
 	switch {
-	case authTokenId == "":
-		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "user id is missing")
 	case condition == "":
 		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "condition is missing")
 	}
 
-	condition = fmt.Sprintf("%s and user_id in (select user_id from auth_token where id = ?)", condition)
-	args := append(searchArgs, authTokenId)
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
+	}
+	switch {
+	case opts.withAuthTokenId != "" && opts.withUserId != "":
+		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "both user id and auth token id were provided")
+	case opts.withAuthTokenId == "" && opts.withUserId == "":
+		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "neither user id nor auth token id were provided")
+	case opts.withAuthTokenId != "":
+		condition = fmt.Sprintf("%s and user_id in (select user_id from auth_token where id = ?)", condition)
+		searchArgs = append(searchArgs, opts.withAuthTokenId)
+	case opts.withUserId != "":
+		condition = fmt.Sprintf("%s and user_id = ?", condition)
+		searchArgs = append(searchArgs, opts.withUserId)
+	}
+
 	var cachedTargets []*Target
-	if err := r.rw.SearchWhere(ctx, &cachedTargets, condition, args, db.WithLimit(-1)); err != nil {
+	if err := r.rw.SearchWhere(ctx, &cachedTargets, condition, searchArgs, db.WithLimit(-1)); err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
 
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets_test.go
index a6a87b92b..4eaf85466 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/cache/repository_targets_test.go
@@ -432,5 +432,6 @@ func TestDefaultTargetRetrievalFunc(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NotEmpty(t, refTok2)
 	assert.Empty(t, removed2)
+	// Note: This will sometimes fail until PR 3897 is merged
 	assert.Empty(t, got2)
 }
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options.go
index 5abeee384..2f667ddeb 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options.go
@@ -5,13 +5,19 @@ package daemon
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/clientcache/internal/cache"
 )
 
 type options struct {
-	withDebug                   bool
-	withBoundaryTokenReaderFunc cache.BoundaryTokenReaderFn
+	withDebug                              bool
+	withRefreshInterval                    time.Duration
+	withFullFetchInterval                  time.Duration
+	testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor    float64
+	testWithIntervalRandomizationFactorSet bool
+	withBoundaryTokenReaderFunc            cache.BoundaryTokenReaderFn
 }
 
 // Option - how options are passed as args
@@ -40,6 +46,41 @@ func WithDebug(_ context.Context, debug bool) Option {
 	}
 }
 
+// withRefreshInterval provides an optional refresh interval.
+func withRefreshInterval(_ context.Context, d time.Duration) Option {
+	return func(o *options) error {
+		if d <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("provided refresh interval %q must be positive", d)
+		}
+		o.withRefreshInterval = d
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// withFullFetchInterval provides an optional full fetch interval.
+func withFullFetchInterval(_ context.Context, d time.Duration) Option {
+	return func(o *options) error {
+		if d <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("provided full fetch interval %q must be positive", d)
+		}
+		o.withFullFetchInterval = d
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor provides an optional test interval
+// randomization factor.
+func testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor(_ context.Context, f float64) Option {
+	return func(o *options) error {
+		if f < 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor must be non negative")
+		}
+		o.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor = f
+		o.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactorSet = true
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
 // WithBoundaryTokenReaderFunc provides an option for specifying a BoundaryTokenReaderFn
 func WithBoundaryTokenReaderFunc(_ context.Context, fn cache.BoundaryTokenReaderFn) Option {
 	return func(o *options) error {
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options_test.go
index 16c21b5a7..49e3c2b25 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/options_test.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package daemon
 import (
 	"context"
 	"testing"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/api/authtokens"
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/clientcache/internal/cache"
@@ -30,6 +31,54 @@ func Test_GetOpts(t *testing.T) {
 		testOpts.withDebug = true
 		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
 	})
+	t.Run("withRefreshInterval", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(withRefreshInterval(ctx, time.Second))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		testOpts.withRefreshInterval = time.Second
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("withRefreshInterval_negative", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(withRefreshInterval(ctx, -time.Second))
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "must be positive")
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("withFullFetchInterval", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(withFullFetchInterval(ctx, time.Second))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		testOpts.withFullFetchInterval = time.Second
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("withFullFetchInterval_negative", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(withFullFetchInterval(ctx, -time.Second))
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "must be positive")
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor(ctx, 0.2))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		testOpts.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor = 0.2
+		testOpts.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactorSet = true
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor zero", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor(ctx, 0))
+		require.NoError(t, err)
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		testOpts.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor = 0
+		testOpts.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactorSet = true
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
+	t.Run("testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor negative", func(t *testing.T) {
+		opts, err := getOpts(testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor(ctx, -0.2))
+		require.ErrorContains(t, err, "must be non negative")
+		testOpts := getDefaultOptions()
+		assert.Equal(t, opts, testOpts)
+	})
 	t.Run("WithBoundaryTokenReaderFunc", func(t *testing.T) {
 		var f cache.BoundaryTokenReaderFn = func(ctx context.Context, addr, token string) (*authtokens.AuthToken, error) {
 			return nil, nil
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/server.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/server.go
index dd09f51f8..866710e06 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/server.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/server.go
@@ -60,14 +60,15 @@ type CacheServer struct {
 }
 
 type Config struct {
-	ContextCancel          context.CancelFunc
-	RefreshIntervalSeconds int64
-	DatabaseUrl            string
-	StoreDebug             bool
-	LogLevel               string
-	LogFormat              string
-	LogWriter              io.Writer
-	DotDirectory           string
+	ContextCancel     context.CancelFunc
+	RefreshInterval   time.Duration
+	FullFetchInterval time.Duration
+	DatabaseUrl       string
+	StoreDebug        bool
+	LogLevel          string
+	LogFormat         string
+	LogWriter         io.Writer
+	DotDirectory      string
 }
 
 func (sc *Config) validate(ctx context.Context) error {
@@ -231,7 +232,14 @@ func (s *CacheServer) Serve(ctx context.Context, cmd Commander, opt ...Option) e
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
-	tic, err := newRefreshTicker(ctx, s.conf.RefreshIntervalSeconds, refreshService)
+	ticOptions := []Option{}
+	if s.conf.RefreshInterval > 0 {
+		ticOptions = append(ticOptions, withRefreshInterval(ctx, s.conf.RefreshInterval))
+	}
+	if s.conf.FullFetchInterval > 0 {
+		ticOptions = append(ticOptions, withFullFetchInterval(ctx, s.conf.FullFetchInterval))
+	}
+	tic, err := newRefreshTicker(ctx, refreshService, ticOptions...)
 	if err != nil {
 		return errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
@@ -239,10 +247,14 @@ func (s *CacheServer) Serve(ctx context.Context, cmd Commander, opt ...Option) e
 	tickingCtx, cancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
 	defer cancel()
 	var tickerWg sync.WaitGroup
-	tickerWg.Add(1)
+	tickerWg.Add(2)
 	go func() {
 		defer tickerWg.Done()
-		tic.start(tickingCtx)
+		tic.startRefresh(tickingCtx)
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		defer tickerWg.Done()
+		tic.startFullFetch(tickingCtx)
 	}()
 
 	mux := http.NewServeMux()
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/testing.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/testing.go
index e873838f2..822c74b2d 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/testing.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/testing.go
@@ -33,11 +33,12 @@ func NewTestServer(t *testing.T, cmd Commander, opt ...Option) *TestServer {
 	dotDir := t.TempDir()
 
 	cfg := &Config{
-		ContextCancel:          cancel,
-		RefreshIntervalSeconds: DefaultRefreshIntervalSeconds,
-		StoreDebug:             opts.withDebug,
-		LogWriter:              io.Discard,
-		DotDirectory:           dotDir,
+		ContextCancel:     cancel,
+		RefreshInterval:   defaultRefreshInterval,
+		FullFetchInterval: defaultFullFetchInterval,
+		StoreDebug:        opts.withDebug,
+		LogWriter:         io.Discard,
+		DotDirectory:      dotDir,
 	}
 
 	s, err := New(ctx, cfg)
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker.go
index caff76d80..94637febe 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package daemon
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"math/rand"
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/hashicorp/boundary/internal/clientcache/internal/cache"
@@ -14,37 +15,70 @@ import (
 )
 
 const (
-	DefaultRefreshIntervalSeconds = 15
+	DefaultRefreshIntervalSeconds = 60
 	defaultRefreshInterval        = DefaultRefreshIntervalSeconds * time.Second
+
+	DefaultFullFetchIntervalSeconds = 60 * 5
+	defaultFullFetchInterval        = DefaultFullFetchIntervalSeconds * time.Second
+
+	defaultRandomizationFactor float64 = 0.2
 )
 
 type refreshService interface {
 	Refresh(context.Context, ...cache.Option) error
+	FullFetch(context.Context, ...cache.Option) error
 }
 
 type refreshTicker struct {
-	tickerCtx       context.Context
-	refreshInterval time.Duration
-	refreshChan     chan struct{}
-	refresher       refreshService
+	tickerCtx           context.Context
+	refreshInterval     time.Duration
+	fullFetchInterval   time.Duration
+	randomizationFactor float64
+	rand                *rand.Rand
+	refreshChan         chan struct{}
+	refresher           refreshService
 }
 
-func newRefreshTicker(ctx context.Context, refreshIntervalSeconds int64, refresh refreshService) (*refreshTicker, error) {
+// newRefreshTicker creates a new refresh ticker. Accepted options are
+// withRefreshInterval, and withFullFetchInterval.
+// testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor is provided for tests.
+// The intervals can deviate +/- randomizationFactor * configured interval.
+// For example, an interval of 10 seconds and a randomization factor of 0.2 will
+// encounter intervals of 8 to 12 seconds since 10 * .2 is 2 seconds and 10 +/- 2
+// is 8 to 12.
+func newRefreshTicker(ctx context.Context, refresh refreshService, opt ...Option) (*refreshTicker, error) {
 	const op = "daemon.newRefreshTicker"
 	switch {
-	case refreshIntervalSeconds == 0:
-		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "refresh interval seconds is missing")
 	case util.IsNil(refresh):
 		return nil, errors.New(ctx, errors.InvalidParameter, op, "refreshing function is missing")
 	}
 
-	refreshInterval := defaultRefreshInterval
-	if refreshIntervalSeconds != 0 {
-		refreshInterval = time.Duration(refreshIntervalSeconds) * time.Second
+	opts, err := getOpts(opt...)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, errors.Wrap(ctx, err, op)
 	}
+
+	refreshInterval := defaultRefreshInterval
+	if opts.withRefreshInterval != 0 {
+		refreshInterval = opts.withRefreshInterval
+	}
+
+	fullFetchInterval := defaultFullFetchInterval
+	if opts.withFullFetchInterval != 0 {
+		fullFetchInterval = opts.withFullFetchInterval
+	}
+
+	randomizationFactor := defaultRandomizationFactor
+	if opts.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactorSet {
+		randomizationFactor = opts.testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor
+	}
+
 	return &refreshTicker{
-		refreshInterval: refreshInterval,
-		refresher:       refresh,
+		refreshInterval:     refreshInterval,
+		fullFetchInterval:   fullFetchInterval,
+		randomizationFactor: randomizationFactor,
+		rand:                rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano())),
+		refresher:           refresh,
 
 		// We make this channel size 1 so if something happens midway through the refresh
 		// we can immediately refresh again immediately to pick up something that might have been
@@ -64,8 +98,30 @@ func (rt *refreshTicker) refresh() {
 	}
 }
 
-func (rt *refreshTicker) start(ctx context.Context) {
-	const op = "daemon.(refreshTicker).start"
+func (rt *refreshTicker) startFullFetch(ctx context.Context) {
+	const op = "daemon.(refreshTicker).startFullFetch"
+	timer := time.NewTimer(0)
+	for {
+		// full fetch doesn't listen to the refreshChan since completely new
+		// users are handled by refresh since we don't know if the new user
+		// is for a boundary instance that supports refresh tokens.
+		select {
+		case <-ctx.Done():
+			return
+		case <-timer.C:
+		}
+		if err := rt.refresher.FullFetch(ctx); err != nil {
+			event.WriteError(rt.tickerCtx, op, err)
+		}
+		timer.Reset(rt.nextIntervalWithRandomness(rt.fullFetchInterval))
+	}
+}
+
+// startRefresh repeatedly calls Refresh on the this refreshTicker's refresher
+// at some interval.  This interval can be overwritten by using the withDuration
+// option when calling startRefresh
+func (rt *refreshTicker) startRefresh(ctx context.Context) {
+	const op = "daemon.(refreshTicker).startRefresh"
 	timer := time.NewTimer(0)
 	for {
 		select {
@@ -77,6 +133,25 @@ func (rt *refreshTicker) start(ctx context.Context) {
 		if err := rt.refresher.Refresh(ctx); err != nil {
 			event.WriteError(rt.tickerCtx, op, err)
 		}
-		timer.Reset(rt.refreshInterval)
+		timer.Reset(rt.nextIntervalWithRandomness(rt.refreshInterval))
 	}
 }
+
+// nextIntervalWithRandomness applies the ticker's randomization factor to the
+// provided duration and returns a newly calculated duration.  If the tickers
+// randomization factor is 0 the returned duration is the same as the provided.
+func (rt *refreshTicker) nextIntervalWithRandomness(d time.Duration) time.Duration {
+	if rt.randomizationFactor == 0 {
+		return d
+	}
+
+	randFactor := rt.rand.Float64()
+	randFactor = randFactor * rt.randomizationFactor
+
+	randDur := randFactor * float64(d)
+	// Half a chance to be faster, not slower
+	if rt.rand.Float32() > 0.5 {
+		randDur = -1 * randDur
+	}
+	return d + time.Duration(randDur)
+}
diff --git a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker_test.go b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker_test.go
index e389ce2f3..cf688b385 100644
--- a/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker_test.go
+++ b/internal/clientcache/internal/daemon/ticker_test.go
@@ -18,11 +18,11 @@ func TestTickerRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 
 	refresher := &fakeRefresher{make(chan struct{})}
 
-	rt, err := newRefreshTicker(ctx, 60, refresher)
+	rt, err := newRefreshTicker(ctx, refresher)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	tickerCtx, tickerCancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
-	go rt.start(tickerCtx)
+	go rt.startRefresh(tickerCtx)
 	t.Cleanup(func() {
 		tickerCancel()
 	})
@@ -47,6 +47,56 @@ func TestTickerRefresh(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 }
 
+func TestTickerFullFetch(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+
+	refresher := &fakeRefresher{make(chan struct{})}
+
+	rt, err := newRefreshTicker(ctx, refresher)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	tickerCtx, tickerCancel := context.WithCancel(ctx)
+	go rt.startFullFetch(tickerCtx)
+	t.Cleanup(func() {
+		tickerCancel()
+	})
+
+	// let the normal start ticker refresh things,
+	<-refresher.called
+
+	testCtx, testCancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, 100*time.Millisecond)
+	defer testCancel()
+	rt.refresh()
+	select {
+	case <-refresher.called:
+		assert.Fail(t, "full fetch called as a result of refresh()")
+	case <-testCtx.Done():
+	}
+}
+
+func TestNextIntervalWithRandomness(t *testing.T) {
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	refresher := &fakeRefresher{make(chan struct{})}
+	rt, err := newRefreshTicker(ctx, refresher, testWithIntervalRandomizationFactor(ctx, .2))
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+
+	interval := 10 * time.Second
+	max, min := interval, interval
+	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
+		got := rt.nextIntervalWithRandomness(10 * time.Second)
+		if got > max {
+			max = got
+		}
+		if got < min {
+			min = got
+		}
+	}
+	assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, min, 8*time.Second)
+	assert.LessOrEqual(t, max, 12*time.Second)
+	assert.Less(t, min, interval)
+	assert.Greater(t, max, interval)
+}
+
 type fakeRefresher struct {
 	called chan struct{}
 }
@@ -55,3 +105,8 @@ func (r *fakeRefresher) Refresh(context.Context, ...cache.Option) error {
 	r.called <- struct{}{}
 	return nil
 }
+
+func (r *fakeRefresher) FullFetch(context.Context, ...cache.Option) error {
+	r.called <- struct{}{}
+	return nil
+}