hpr-knowledge-base/hpr_transcripts/hpr3882.txt

Episode: 3882
Title: HPR3882: Alternatives to the cd command
Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr3882/hpr3882.mp3
Transcribed: 2025-10-25 07:14:42

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This is Hacker Public Radio, Episode 3882 for Tuesday, the 20th of June 2023.
Today's show is entitled, Alternatives to the CD Command.
It is part of the series' bash scripting.
It is hosted by Klaatu, and is about 11 minutes long.
It carries a clean flag.
The summary is, Navigate your file system without CD.
Hey everybody, this is Klaatu, and this episode I want to talk about changing directories.
I know that's not seemingly a very exciting topic, but what I want to do in this episode
is come up with as many ways I can think of to navigate a system in Linux without CD
or not in the way that you would expect with CD.
So the first one that I could think of was PushD and PopD.
In the bash shell, the PushD, PopD, and DERS, DIRS, commands manage a map of everywhere
you go on your system.
They only do that when you use them, so you have to mentally substitute PushD instead
of CD, or you could alias it, something like that.
But here's how it works.
And you want to change directory to a new location, use PushD to push your current
location onto the stack.
The stack in this context is an imaginary plate, well it's not imaginary, it's a place
in memory that remembers where you've been.
So for example, PWD, HomeKlaatu, okay, well PushD documents, PWD, HomeKlaatu documents.
To see what's on the stack, use the DERS command, DIRS.
It says, tilde slash documents, space, tilde.
It's listing my history on one line, starting with the most recent, that is your current
location of, in this example, tilde documents, followed by another tilde for the home directory
because that's where I started from.
You can add more to your stack by moving around your file system some more.
So for instance, PushD, tilde slash pictures, DERS, tilde pictures, tilde documents, tilde.
To pop a directory off the stack and make it your current location, use the pop D command.
The pop D command removes the most recent directory from the stack and makes it your
current location and displays your new stack with the left directory representing your
new location.
So DIRS, tilde pictures, tilde documents, tilde, pop D, or I don't even have to type in
theirs, it tells me, tilde documents, tilde.
So to condense that down into one sentence explanation, PushD to change a directory to
a new place, pop D to take a directory off of your stack and make it your new current
location, DIRS to view your stack.
Next, CD space dash, I know, I said without CD, but this is with CD, but there's a slight
difference here.
This is maybe some people don't know about this little trick.
When you find yourself switching back and forth between two directories, you do not have
to type the directories each time.
If you don't even have to use control P or the up arrow, you can use CD dash.
The CD dash command takes you to your previous directory.
It doesn't use the same stack as PushD does.
It just remembers what your previous one directory was and then takes you to it and displays
your current location.
So if I'm in slash Etsy, I could do a CD slash var and then CD space dash, I'm back
in Etsy.
CD space dash, I'm back in var, CD space dash, I'm back in Etsy, back and forth.
Really, really convenient.
Three variables.
Sometimes you might find yourself returning or otherwise interacting with the same directory
with a long and inconvenient name over and over again.
For instance, suppose you're auditing some files in slash home, clatoon slash dot local
slash Etsy slash myder slash config slash example and then there are a bunch of files
in there.
Instead of typing some variation of emax, home clatoon dot local slash Etsy slash myder
config examples file one dot TXT for every file you need to open, create a short variable
and use it as your path instead.
So export myder equals slash home slash clatoon slash dot local slash Etsy slash myder slash
config slash example.
And then from then on, you can just use myder.
So emax, dollar sign, myder slash file one dot TXT done.
The variable disappears when you reboot or you can destroy it manually when you're done
with the unset command, unset myder.
Now you don't have that variable or you could reset it to something else.
Myder equals some other long directory and now you've got that one for to use.
Four, history and history verify.
You might already know that the history command lets you see your past, I don't know, thousand
or so commands as a numbered list.
And you can use that list to instantly execute a previous command by number.
The syntax is simply an exclamation mark followed by the number of the command you want
to execute.
So for example, if you do history, pipe, head dash in three, you see maybe a CD till the
slash documents as command 758, exclamation 758, return and you've just changed directories
to till the till the document.
But the hissed verify option in the bash shell lets you verify a history line before you
execute.
Activate it with shopped shell options SH OPT, shoppedspace dash S to set hissed verify.
That's HIST verify all one string.
Now when you type in exclamation mark 758 instead of executing that command from your history,
your next prompt contains the command and waits for you to either edit it or to accept
it with a return or enter on your keyboard.
So for me, that's not faster than just exclamation 801 or whatever, 500, whatever.
But what it does is gives me the confidence to actually use something from history.
Sometimes I'll be a little bit nervous that I'm forgetting the number of the history
or something like that.
And so I won't end up not using it.
But with that confirmation step before I actually do the thing, then I feel more comfortable
about looking at history, remembering it, being confident that I remember it and being
confident that if I don't, I'll have a chance to not do the thing that I that I'm about
to do.
It also helps me edit commands.
So if there is a long directory name and then I start using a similar name in that similar
path, but just a different sub directory, then I can just edit that command with hissed
verify, edit it before I accept it.
And now I've got a new command that I can start using out of my history.
5.
Auto-CD.
Auto-CD shall option in bash.
Let's you skip the CD command all together.
To change directory, you just type the path of a valid directory on your system.
No CD required.
It has to be enabled.
So you can enable it with the same way as with hissed verify.
You do SHOPT, that's like shell option, SHOPT, space-s to set, like Sierra, set-s, space
auto-CD.
Now just type the path of a valid directory.
So you can slash TMP.
Now I'm in the TMP folder.
It's that easy.
There's no CD to type.
It's kind of nice.
I mean, it's three fewer keyboard presses.
And then finally, the last one I could think of, and I hope someone can think of more,
but the last one I could think of was not to change directory at all.
It's a little bit of a cheat, but realistically, for a lot of the things on a Linux in the
terminal that you're doing with a Linux command, you don't really, very often, you don't
have to be in the place you're working.
You can just open the file or pipe something to the, or like, redirect something to that
file or convert that file from a path to a path.
You don't have to go there to do it.
The command will do all of that legwork for you.
I think I tend to go to two directories, maybe more often than I probably should.
I mean, admittedly, sometimes that's not the case.
Sometimes it is better to be in the directory because that way you only have to type the
file name.
You know, it's just, it's less to type, although again, I could use a variable.
So sometimes I just feel like I'm moving around too much.
And lately, I have been trying to challenge myself a little bit, not not too much, but
a little bit.
Just when I think I want to do something to a file or look at a file or whatever, I don't
CD there.
I just do it from wherever I am, just work out of my home directory.
It's kind of a fun challenge sometimes.
And that's kind of what made me think of this was how could I get around CDing so much?
Because I've noticed that I do spend too much time, I think, CDing to places.
It's kind of like, I've cut certainly, you know, a graphical file manager out of my
life, not entirely, but you know, if I don't need one, if I don't want to use a graphical
file manager, I don't have to.
And so I feel kind of like I replaced it with a bunch of CDing and L-S-ing a lot.
And that's another, that's a new inefficiency that just half of the time doesn't really need
to be done.
As it does, like I say, file paths can get long and cumbersome.
And for one-offs, I mean, you may as well CD there in L-S because why not?
Although maybe not.
Again, you could just L-S.
So really, I think we maybe, possibly, some people, myself at least, we CD too much.
So if you want to cut that down, think of a couple of ways or borrow my ways of not
CDing, of not moving around your file system as much, you could save seconds of work for
yourself.
Thanks for listening to this episode.
Go record your own on some cool tip that you have.
Talk to you next time.
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