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hpr_transcripts/hpr1754.txt
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Episode: 1754
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Title: HPR1754: D7? Why Seven?
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Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr1754/hpr1754.mp3
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Transcribed: 2025-10-18 08:51:42
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---
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This is HPR Episode 1754 entitled B7, Y7.
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It is hosted by John Colp and is about 14 minutes long.
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The summary is, I explain what 7 chord marks and when to use them.
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This episode of HPR is brought to you by an honesthost.com.
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Get 15% discount on all shared hosting with the offer code HPR15, that's HPR15.
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Get your web hosting that's honest and fair at An Honesthost.com.
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Alright, John Colp and Lafayette Louisiana with yet another hacker public radio episode.
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I'm on spring break right now so I'm catching up on recording a bunch of topics that I've
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been meaning to record.
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Today I'm going to address one of the requested topics at hacker public radio and it is a music
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theory topic.
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Now this is sort of a busman's holiday for me because I am a music professor.
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I have a master's degree in music theory and a PhD in musicology and so if I had never
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done any episode about music theory it would seem a little bit mean I guess to ignore
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my expertise in this when somebody has specifically requested it.
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So today I'm going to talk about something that may have been confusing or puzzling to
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people in the past.
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I know in the hacker community, that's pretty nice there, the hacker community.
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There are lots of musicians and lots of people who play the guitar or the piano or whatever.
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And so I think this is something that should hit the mark with quite a few people.
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I'm going to do the best I can to explain it in ways that just about anybody could understand.
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However I will also have a list of the terms that I use in the course of my discussion.
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I don't at this point know exactly every term I'm going to use because I'm just going
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to wing it.
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But I've already put together a list of terms that I think I might use in the course of
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the discussion.
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The topic is seventh chords and the title of the show is D7 Y7.
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And I call it that because people who play the guitar, especially if what they play
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is popular music, they probably read from lead sheets and things like that if they want
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to play songs or if they're writing out a chord sheet for a song, they're composing
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themselves.
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They will put things like D, G, C, maybe they'll go into, I don't know, AM for A minor
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or EM for E minor.
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But there will also be chords with a seven next to them.
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So you might see a progression like G, C, D7, G.
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And you may have asked yourself, what is the seven?
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I mean, I know I put my fingers in a different place and it sounds a little bit different,
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but what is the significance of the seven?
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So let me play for you the difference between the chord without the seven and the chord
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with the seven.
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Here's the progression I just mentioned, G, C, and I'll just do D and then G, G, C, D, G.
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This is a very standard progression in theoretical terms, it would be 1, 4, 5, 1.
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And if you, there's an old joke that if you know those three chords, you can play about
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10,000 songs and it's probably pretty true.
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So G, C, D, G.
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Now sometimes you might see the D change to a D7 and that would make it sound like this.
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G, C, D7.
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Now you wonder, what is the difference there?
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What's the difference between this, D, and this, D7?
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Well the difference is one note and it's the seventh.
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What happens in a seventh chord is there is an element of dissonance that's introduced.
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Dissonance is a relatively unstable sound between two chord members.
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Consonance is when the chord members sound stable and good together.
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Dissonance is something that is really, really important in Western music because it's
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what helps make the music sound a little bit more interesting.
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So this chord, the D, doesn't really have any dissonance in it, but this one does have
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some dissonance.
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If you listen between the root of the chord, that's the D, and then this, these two notes
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together, that makes an interval called a seventh and the seventh is a dissonant interval.
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Disnant intervals typically need to do what's called resolving.
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Now there's another dissonant interval inside this chord also between the seventh and the
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third of the chord, the third is F sharp and the seventh is the C. So these two together
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sound like this.
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This is a dissonant interval, it's an interval called an augmented fourth, and this calls
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for a resolution like so, oops, sorry, mess that up.
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And so when you play the whole chord, like that.
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So the reason somebody would use a seventh chord is to make a stronger pull from one chord
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to another.
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If I do just the D chord, going to G, it sounds good, it does not sound like it absolutely
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must go there though.
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This D chord, I could just stay on there indefinitely.
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But this chord, with this dissonance between the root and the seventh, that really needs
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to resolve.
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And it almost always resolves back to the chord a fifth away there.
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Now it doesn't have to, it could do what's called a deceptive resolution where it would
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do something like this.
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And resolve to the sixth instead of the one.
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But the normal thing is for it to resolve back to one.
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Now the seventh chords are something that, let's take the same progression, G, C, D, and G.
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You wouldn't necessarily put a seventh on either the G or the C chords, unless what you're
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trying to do is to undermine their sense of stability.
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Now moving from G to C, it would be very common to add the seventh.
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And you would only add the seventh to the G chord if what you wanted to do next was go
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to the C.
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There's a G7 chord, and that wants to pull to there.
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So you get this interval that resolves here.
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Now you would probably not add a seventh to the C chord because it would start pulling
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you in a different direction than D. If what you're trying to do is go from C to D, then
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you would not add this note.
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The B flat, because if you add the B flat there, that starts pulling you towards the F chord,
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which is not part of our little progression here.
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So anyway, the big picture is that the seventh chord is something that pulls strongly toward
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another chord because of the presence of some dissonance.
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There was a great song that we used to play in the band I was in in graduate school,
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was a band that played Cuban pop music from the 1920s and 30s.
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And I guess sometimes from the 40s, but anyway, old Cuban music.
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And there was one song that I absolutely loved called Lagrimas Negres, Black Tears.
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And that song had some excellent use of seventh chords in it.
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It was a song that's in D minor, like this.
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And it went, let's see, D minor, to G minor, and then to C major, to F major.
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And then back to D minor, G minor.
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But the way we played the song, we made a stronger pull from one chord to another by adding
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sevens in there.
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So instead of just going like this, we would instead go from D minor to D7, that increases
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the tension, makes it inevitable to go to this G minor, and then to C, and here we'd add
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the seven, to go to F, and then to get back to D minor, I'd do an E7, A7, D minor.
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So yeah, it makes for a really nice progression and a strong pull from one chord to another.
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Hope you all enjoyed that.
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So play yourself some seventh chords on your guitar.
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Bye.
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