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Episode: 2573
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Title: HPR2573: Foundations of git rebase
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Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr2573/hpr2573.mp3
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Transcribed: 2025-10-19 05:55:53
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---
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This in HPR episode 2,573 entitled Foundation of Git Remaze and is part of the series version
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control.
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It is hosted by Klatu and in about 20 minutes long and Karima clean flag.
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The summary is Klatu talks about Git Remaze.
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This episode of HPR is brought to you by archive.org.
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Support universal access to all knowledge by heading over to archive.org forward slash
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Donate.
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Everyone, this is Klatu.
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Thanks for listening to Hacker Public Radio.
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This is another entry into how to use Git series and this time we're going to talk about
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rebasing.
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Re-basing in a way is a special kind of emerging.
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In the previous episode we talked a lot about Git head and how Git branches were sort
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of floating objects and Git head was this sort of fixed point in time and stuff like
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that.
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So hopefully you're pretty familiar by now with branches and you're familiar with the
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idea that branches get merged typically into other branches very frequently they get
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merged into master, the master branch.
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A Git rebase is like a merge except that instead of just merging the current state of a branch
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so the head of a branch into your target let's just arbitrarily say it's master because
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that is very frequently the use case.
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So rather than just merging head into master which is usually what a merge does rebase
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replays the branch that you have created and worked in on top of the master branch.
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That may not make a whole lot of sense to you that's a bunch of special terminology that
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relies on you sort of imagining Git in a certain way.
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So what I would like to do is kind of go through some examples here and the best way to do
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that I think to really highlight what this what Git rebase is at least in my experience
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most often used for and that's why I know means saying that this is like what everyone
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uses it for and why it's important and stuff like that.
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I'm just saying at the jobs that I've had this is how it has been used and this is why
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it has been beneficial.
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It's really I want to emphasize that rebasing is just basically it's a merge.
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I think technically a three way merge because it's taking divergent things and getting
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diffs and then replaying it into one but anyway it's just a merge and the end result of
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a rebase and a merge is the same.
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Like if you if you just look at the most recent state of a of a branch that has been rebased
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and the same copy of that branch that has been merged you would be very unimpressed.
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It would be the same thing and you would be kind of yeah you'd be non plus you would
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not really be that excited about having discovered rebasing where where rebase really makes
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a difference is the the project history and this is kind of why it's a little bit controversial
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because people people get very nervous if you tell them hey rebasing changes history.
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That sounds really bad.
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In my experience it's not really bad but I guess it depends on what your goals are.
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So let's let's go into the Alice directory in my hpr get folder and I'll create a little
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delimiter for us so that I can figure out where this episode's actually started.
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So I'm just going to echo foo into zero one dot txt pending it and then I'll do a get
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add and then get a commit and I'll put begin get rebase episode.
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That way I have a visual line in the sand as it were and I'll even get push this so
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that when I inevitably have to do this over a couple of times to get it right I have that
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to start with okay.
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So what we'll do is we'll so right now if you look at our branch our master branch
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in Alice the the top most commit is seven fd 2173 begin get rebase episode great.
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So that's that's that's where we are in history that's our head.
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Now if we do a get check out dash b experiment that creates a new branch and it branches
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off of seven fd 2173 begin get rebase episode and I can confirm that if I do a get log dash
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one line it shows me that the top most commit is exact so the history is exactly the same
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as the master branch pretty much that's well not pretty much it is it's exactly that's
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that's my point is that there is no difference between the history of experiment and master
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at this stage.
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So let's remedy that let's make these things very different.
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So I'm going to echo let's do monsters in this one and then we'll do heroes in the
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other.
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So we'll do an echo goal echo echo into zero three well actually I guess I might as
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well just name them okay so goal dot txt and then I'll do echo well actually and so so
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then I'll get add goal dot txt and I'll commit and my message will also just be the word
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goal GHOL and so now if I do a get log really quick yet top one on experiment is goal.
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So now I'm going to check out master master and get log of course does not have that it's
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begin get rebase episode so I'm going to do and I'm going to do an echo of rogue and
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I'll put that into a file called rogue dot txt and I'll get add that and I'll get commit
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with a message of rogue and now I'm going to get check out now what I'm trying to do here
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experiment is I'm trying to emulate and I'll do echo dragon into dragon dot txt and then
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I'll get add and commit now I do believe it or not I do want you to remember try to remember
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the order that we're doing all of this and so I'm switching back and forth between branches here
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I'm doing the monsters in the experiment branch and I'm doing the hero types the classes
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rogue and paladin in the master branch and it's important I'm doing one each one after
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another so I'm doing goal and then switching and then doing rogue and then switching and then
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doing dragon and then switching and doing paladin I mean there won't be a quiz on this later
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but it will it will become important go paladin into paladin dot txt so what I'm trying to do
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here is I'm trying to emulate people working on projects at the same time and that's kind of
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important the rebasing and even merging to some degree but rebasing becomes more important the more
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activity you have in your project personally I don't think I've ever rebased my own stuff when
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it's just me there's no there's almost no reason to do a rebase then but when you get a lot of people
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working on a project and it starts to kind of get messy then it becomes a different story okay so
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I've got I've got I've got two different logs now I've got paladin and rogue and then begin
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get rebase episode that's in my master branch and then I'm going to check out experiment
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and do a log review there and drag in goal and then begin get rebase episode okay so those are
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two separate branches with with very different histories they do have a common
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beginning point right they begin at begin get rebase episode that's where I branch off of
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but but from there they diverge they diverge very sort of clearly so I'm going to back out now
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and I'm going to copy recursively and verbosely Alice to Alice-merge and then I'm going to do that
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again to Alice-base and so that's just so that I don't have to undo stuff when I when I inevitably
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show you two different methods of of bringing these things together so I'm going to do a get checkout
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this is my merge okay so get checkout master get logged there's my paladin and rogue and then
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begin get rebase okay so I'm just going to do what what one would normally do is get merge
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experiment okay so I get right away I get a pop up window a little emax window because that's
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what I have my visual editor set to and it says merge branch experiment that's pretty much
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what I want to do so copy or I mean I'll save and close that and then it says two files changed
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to insertions create mode create mode okay whatever so get log dash dash one line here's
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what my history looks like right now so it's merge branch experiment that's what I just did
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and then paladin dragon rogue ghoul begin get rebase episode okay so I've got if you've noticed
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I've got a merge branch experiment that's that's the that's the the act of merging the branches
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and then I've got paladin and then dragon and then rogue and then ghoul which if you'll recall if
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you rewind or listen to this in reverse that's the order that I did the those those things in I did
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I did ghoul on one branch and then rogue and then dragon and then paladin then I merged now I'm
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going to cd into slash dash dot dot slash Alice base and I'll do a get checkout of master so of
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course if I do a get log here I will see that I'm back to the beginning I've got my or not
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beginning but I've got I'm back to the Alice state so paladin and rogue and then begin get rebase
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episode so now if I do a get rebase experiment notice I'm not doing a get merge I'm doing a get
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rebase of experiment now what that does is and it tells me this it says first rewinding head
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to replay your work on top of it applying rogue and paladin so now if I do a get log dash dash
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one line here's what I see in my history I have paladin rogue dragon ghoul and then begin get rebase
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so the differences that we can notice here I'll bring them both up on my screen
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get log dash dash one line so the differences that I'm noticing here is on the get log of the
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rebased repository I've got paladin rogue dragon ghoul begin now on the get log of the merge
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repository I have merge branch experiment paladin dragon rogue ghoul so there are there there's
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one big obvious difference and that is that you don't get that merge message and honestly when
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you have like 10 different people probably even more in some cases but I've never been at a place
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where they're you know more than let's say 10 developers actively working on on the on some
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program so when you've got that and you and you're eliminating the merge branch of whatever
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that's actually worth a rebase for me right there that's honestly it just takes out so much
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craft by by eliminating those obligatory merge clatu dev merge bob dev merge Alice dev you know
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you've got all these things and and it becomes very redundant especially if you see them every three
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lines so that for me is worth a rebase right there but the other thing that you might notice is that
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this the the rebase sort of does what it sounds like it's doing if you think about what a base is
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so a foundation for instance you remember at the beginning of this episode we branched off of
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the commit seven fd 2173 begin get rebase episode naturally the way that that things I guess
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should happen is that that's the the basis for this for this for this branch so when I merge back
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into into a master I am going to come in at begin get rebase episode seven fd 2173 and I'm going
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to put my changes in line from that point and that's why you have for instance glue and rogue
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and then dragon and then paladin and then the merge branch but but you see how how this doesn't
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it reflect accurately the order in which these objects were created so ghoul and then I switch back
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to master and did rogue and then I switch back to experiment and did dragon then I switch back
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to master and did paladin and then I merge so you it's an accurate history of how this of what
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literally happened on this branch emerge is a get merge is a very precise and correct and realistic
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almost almost too realistic in some people's view depiction of of the life of this branch of master
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and and everything around it so a rebase is telling a lie it is lying to everyone and it's saying
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it is almost representing it as if though as if though history has been what was different
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so according to rebase we had begin get episode get rebase episode and then we got two new files
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called ghoul and dragon and then we got two more new files called rogue and paladin and it just
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kind of magically happened in that order even though that's not what happened we it's it actually
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did we actually did ghoul rogue dragon paladin in this version we got sorted we got ghoul and dragon
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from the experiment branch and then we got rogue and paladin from the master branch and no merge
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message at all it's just it all sort of natively happened on master it's almost as if though
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everyone was completely coordinated and and merging straight to master at all times so there's
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really no sense of branching or forking or or or conflicts or anything like that it just all
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sort of gets tidied up and made very pretty and orderly and that's that's really that's what a
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rebase is that's all a rebase is it is it is a deceptive tool within get to make your to to make
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some branch look better than it actually is and that's really all there is to it I mean that's
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rebase in a nutshell I mean there are other options to rebase there are there are methods whereby you
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can make commits and squash the commits into into what appear to be just one big commit it's it's
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dash dash auto squash I think for rebase and dash dash squash for emerge the controversy you'll
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hear about rebasing is is as I've said it does rewrite history it it it lies it's it it is not
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an accurate reflection of how the project has developed which in some cases you could imagine
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being problematic maybe if there's some kind of regression that that someone did maybe seeing
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that process out of order if you're going back and sort of looking at the history of the projects
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or of the the files in the project maybe maybe a rebase lying to you telling you happen different
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would be confusing I'm not I'm not convinced of that I have worked on some some fairly complex
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projects on the periphery I mean I'm not I wasn't the one driving it but I mean I've I've
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worked on projects where they do they did a regular rebase every time that they pulled contributor
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code into a project they did a rebase so that your code got pulled in kind of as a as a branch
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and it got replayed over over the new the new branch point and it kind of it had the effect of
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keeping everyone's contributions sort of bundled it together in a logical way it got rid of all
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the merged commit messages and it just kind of it really worked really well I I really enjoyed
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working with that project because because that master branch was so sort of um
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as it was it was organized in a logical way rather than
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it just so happens that today so and so did a lot of work on that branch and took a break from
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it in the afternoon which is the exact same time that someone else decided to do completely
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different work and yeah it's great to have that sort of honest reflection of this is exactly how
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this branch came to be but honestly it it what for who cares it's much better to have all the
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branches at least I found it was much better to have all the branches kind of come to fruition
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they sort of met their purpose here's a branch I'm going to implement this feature and it is
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going to happen in this branch and when I'm finished implementing this feature we'll take
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that branch and graft it back into the master branch and it will all be sort of task oriented
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rather than a snapshot of how reality actually are betrayarily ended up happening other people
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of course say that that's ridiculous and and you shouldn't do that because it's not correct and
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you should merge branches and that is exactly how they should occur and when that's just the state
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of the project and if you can't follow the trail through the code maybe you've got other problems
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with how you organize your project I don't know if either of those two views are completely correct
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I don't know the greater philosophy of code management and that sort of thing there are probably
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lots of arguments to be had and you will hear them over people who really like to be pedantic about
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about code management and about get itself and and so on all I know is that the experiences that
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I've had with rebasing has been has all been very positive they've they've resulted in what I
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consider a cleaner code base or a I should say a cleaner I guess what I'm saying is a cleaner get
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log and and whether that's a good thing or a bad thing and whether I'm leaning on a crutch of
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of of deception I don't know but that is what rebasing is it's there if you need it it is there
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if it helps and it's not as maybe as confusing as as one might think it really isn't it is it is
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simply moving the the base or the foundation of where your branch got branched off from
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oh around along the the origin point from that master branch it's all it is it's pretty simple
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so that's everything you need to know about get rebasing I guess use it well use it wisely use it
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proudly talk to you next time
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you've been listening to Hacker Public Radio at Hacker Public Radio dot org we are a community
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podcast network that releases shows every weekday Monday through Friday today's show like all our
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at binrev.com if you have comments on today's show please email the host directly leave a comment
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