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Episode: 2678
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Title: HPR2678: Explaining the controls on my Amateur HF Radio Part 4
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Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr2678/hpr2678.mp3
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Transcribed: 2025-10-19 07:22:53
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---
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This is HPR Episode 2678 entitled, explaining the controls on my amateur HF Radio Part 4 and in part on the series, HAM Radio, QSK.
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It is hosted by MrX and in about 16 minutes long and carrying an explicit flag.
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The summary is, in this episode I cover the first four receiver section controls on the DS940.
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This episode of HPR is brought to you by archive.org.
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Support universal access to all knowledge by heading over to archive.org forward slash donate.
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Hello and welcome Hacker Public Radio audience. My name is MrX and welcome to this podcast.
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As usual, I'd like to start by thanking the people at HPR for making this service available to us all.
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HPR is a community led podcast created by the community for the community.
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That means you can get involved too and contribute. Just pick up on my microphone and record.
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You can use a phone, a tablet, a laptop, a computer if you've got such a thing.
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I mean, I'm sure you must have something interesting to say.
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Okay, so this is the next part in my series of the controls of my amateur radio came with TS940S.
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It covers, I thought that this would be the last section, but they would cover the receiver section of the radio.
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But as the receiving is the main function of the actual unit, it was a bit more complicated than I expected.
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And it was getting a bit long, so I split it into two.
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So there's one more final part after this, so there should be five parts in total.
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At least this one isn't too long, though it isn't rather waffly, so hopefully you won't all fall asleep.
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Anyway, sit back and enjoy.
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So now onto the final section, they receive section of the radio.
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And the first row, the first knob on the top row has a dual function, it's got an outer ring and an inner ring.
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And the outer ring, you may be familiar with, is for Squelch, SQL.
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And it actually, if you've got a strong enough signal, bizarrely, I didn't think you could use Squelch on sideband stations, but you can.
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And it doesn't actually work, again, clever circuitry.
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I'll see if I can find a station and get it to operate.
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Let's see if I just turn it.
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Who is a volume?
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I lost a volume.
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Maybe with a volume, yes.
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So if you can find a station.
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So it's German.
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So if I turn the Squelch on.
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Now, that's just turning volume to retouch.
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That's a Squelch fully up.
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And what it does is it has a very slow, when you're on sideband, it has a very slow activation.
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So it's only the signal drops for a number of seconds that the Squelch then cuts in and silences things.
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But it doesn't, once the signal gets weak, it does just turn to struggle a little bit.
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Now, I can simulate that, I think, if I knock in a bit of attenuation, let's just see.
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There you go.
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So there's actually so much noise in the band that it's still cutting it out.
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There you go, that's it, gone quiet.
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Open the Squelch again.
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So it's not terribly useful on them, on sideband.
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And I don't use it at the general speaking.
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But if you use it, it is useful on EM or FM now.
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So if I give you an example of going to FM, you get this noise all the time.
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And if I turn the Squelch up, there you go.
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Open.
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Close.
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So that's like on CB or something that you turn the Squelch up.
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And it stops the noise coming through all the time.
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So that's Squelch.
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And for FM and EM, but fairly useless on sideband.
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You can use it.
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You can, on a song signal, you can use it.
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I have used it in the past.
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Let's turn that off.
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And turn the Squelch down.
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So the next, the inner control is called, is for notch.
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And I'm not sure how much I can.
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I'm going to carry on with this because I was getting quite long this,
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this episode.
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But then notch allows you to notch out a tone.
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If you, let's say you're talking to a station in a Morse code station,
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came in underneath and it would be quite annoying or even just a single tone,
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you get tones coming up.
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If somebody transmits keys up, you get a carrier, a tone, a hustle.
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And you can take that out with a notch filter.
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So I'll see if I can find a Morse code station.
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And I'll try it, not, not, not, notching it out.
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Let's see if I can find one now.
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Let's see.
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Now, better still.
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Okay.
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Oh no, the tone's gone.
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There's a tone near, for example.
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So let's see if I can notch out.
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Well, that's probably something tuning the radio actually, tuning it up.
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So I'll put the notch filter in and listen for his tone.
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Oh, he stopped.
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Typical.
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Hmm.
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All right.
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Just take it out.
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A tone that I can try and get it over.
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There's a tone and Morse code.
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Now, try and notch that out.
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So.
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There you go.
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Actually, out.
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That's a third.
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That's it.
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That's it off.
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Okay.
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That's a notch in now.
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I'm going to hardly hear the tone back on again.
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Off.
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There you go.
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So basically, well, that does it.
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It's a very narrow, a very narrow audio filter, which you can tune.
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So you can shift it up and down the audio spectrum.
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So let's see.
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You tune it so that at 1000, 1000 hertz.
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So at 1000, at one kilo here, I should say, at one kilo here, it'll maybe 1000.
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Maybe it's 100 hertz wide.
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So at 1000 and 50 and 950 hertz, that's worth of 100 hertz.
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Anything in that, anything between 950 and 1000 and 50 gets reduced to an amplitude and notches it out.
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But you can adjust the frequency of that notch up and down so that you can take out a single tone.
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Of course, if the tone changes to another frequency, or if you've got two tones, then you're stuffed.
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With modern amateur equipment, these notch filters can follow a moving tone.
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Do clever things like that and clever digital signal processing and whatnot.
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So I think I've moved on since I said earlier, where you could do these things manually, with a manual notch.
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Just do that again, something like that one.
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Yeah, another station.
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And it stopped.
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No, this is just coming.
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So that's off, loud, quiet.
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Yeah, so it's not perfect, but...
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So we're here all day.
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That's an notch filter.
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Quite useful, aren't actually.
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So next control along the top panel, we've got pitch and AF tune.
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And that's to do with adjusting the pitch and tone of our CW station.
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I haven't used that very much because I don't do CW.
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I can't do CW as I said before.
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I know about 80% of the alphabet.
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So that's not terribly good.
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You did to tell the person to say sorry.
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Sorry, I don't have a conversation because I don't know that letter you just sent.
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Right.
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Let's get a few long winded, isn't it?
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Right, next row down from those two knob, the top knobs on the right hand side.
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Okay, there's one, two, three, four, five, five latching buttons.
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RIT.
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Receive.
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I'm trying to find the button.
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Where is it?
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RIT.
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Oh yes.
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So RIT.
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Receive.
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I T internal tune.
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I should know what that stands for.
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But you know, basically normally when you're operating the radio,
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if you're sitting on a frequency, say you're sitting on a 7.1 megahertz and you're talking to a station.
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Another station comes in.
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But now he's a wee bit off and he sounds a bit too high or a wee bit too low.
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You've got to tune the big main tuning knob so that you can hear him properly.
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But if you do that, then you'll move your transmitter.
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And in the station, you're talking, then that'll upset the other station you're talking to,
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who's listening to you because it expects you to stay on the frequency you were talking on.
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So even a minor change quite dramatically changes the audio.
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So I've got an example of that.
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So if I go...
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Let me see.
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Let's see.
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Never find a station where you want it.
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So there you go.
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So that doesn't sound like this, is it?
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So there you go.
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So that doesn't sound like this, is it?
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So it's like Pinky and Perky.
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So if you were to adjust your frequency, then that's how you would sound to the other station.
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If you were trying to tune your radio to listen to the second person you called in.
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So you don't want to adjust your transmit frequency at all.
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So doing, pushing the RIT button in, it allows you to tune your...
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Change the frequency if you receive it slightly without touching, without affecting the transmitter.
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So if you push the RIT button in, then you got a beep.
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And RIT appears on the main display.
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And when you turn the...
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There's a knob below the RIT and it's got RIT slash XIT and it's got a plus and minus on it.
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And if you turn it, then it changes the frequency of the receiver but it will not touch the transmitter.
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And in fact, what happens is the main display, also the frequency changes.
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And next to that, there's two wee digits and they go up to tell you how many kilohertz you've shifted.
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So I'm currently five kilohertz above where I was sitting before but the transmitter will not have moved.
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So I can twirl at my heart's content and it doesn't affect where I'm transmitting.
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And what I can do is I found...
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So there's three of us having this conversation, me, Jimmy and Shuggy.
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And if Shuggy calls in, I can stab that RIT button, tune him in, listen to him.
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And then when Jimmy talks, stab that button and it jumps back to where I was before.
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So I can hear Jimmy OK.
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And likewise, when Shuggy talks, I push that button and it flips back to the other frequency so I can hear Shuggy.
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And flip that button back forward all day and never touch my transmitter frequency.
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So it's very, very useful.
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You can do something with a transmitter but you would never want to adjust your transmitter frequency so I've never used that button.
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And I think we'll close it at that and carry on.
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It's getting quite long recording. That's enough for now.
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OK, so I hope you enjoyed this podcast. I'll leave it at that.
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I think I've got anything else to say. I hope I've bored you too much.
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If you want to contact me, I can be contacted at MrX at hpr at googlemail.com.
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That's MRX ATHPR, the at symbol googlemail.com.
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So until next time, thank you and goodbye.
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You've been listening to Hacker Public Radio at HackerPublicRadio.org.
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We are a community podcast network that releases shows every weekday, Monday through Friday.
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Today's show, like all our shows, was contributed by an HPR listener like yourself.
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If you ever thought of recording a podcast, then click on our contribute link to find out how easy it really is.
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Hacker Public Radio was founded by the digital dog pound and the infonomicum computer club and is part of the binary revolution at binrev.com.
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If you have comments on today's show, please email the host directly.
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Leave a comment on the website or record a follow-up episode yourself.
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Unless otherwise stated, today's show is released under Creative Commons Attribution.
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