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Episode: 3878
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Title: HPR3878: Linux commands to gather information about your system
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Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr3878/hpr3878.mp3
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Transcribed: 2025-10-25 07:09:46
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---
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This is Hacker Public Radio, Episode 3878 for Wednesday, the 14th of June 2023.
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Today's show is entitled, Linux commands to gather information about your system.
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It is hosted by JWP and is about nine minutes long.
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It carries a clean flag.
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The summary is, you need this information to understand your system better.
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Today, my name is JWP and today on Hacker Public Radio, I want to talk to you about Linux,
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commands to gather information about your system, get information about your CPU, storage,
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RAM, BIOS, and more without leaving the terminal.
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There are many situations you need to obtain information about your Linux system, whether
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it's hardware and better software such as the BIOS or how they relate to the operating
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system.
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You need this information to understand your system better, install appropriate software
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and drivers, apply patches, obtain vendor support, plan expansions and upgrades, and
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use your system fully.
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In general, Linux distributions provide many tools you can use to display system information.
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Often, you can query one of the virtual file systems like slash PROC or slash SIS directly,
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but they may provide basic information that's hard to understand at a glance.
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In this podcast, I'll look at seven commands that provide details about your system's
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RAM, disk, CPU, devices, and firmware, and it's direct easy to understand why.
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These utilities can file information from different sources to present relevant information
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that aids you in understanding your system's capabilities.
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Let's start by looking at the CPU.
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So to display CPU information, you use the LS CPU utility and it provides a comprehensive
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summary of your CPU's capabilities, including model information, number of cores, speeds,
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flags, virtualization capabilities, and security migrations applied.
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You can also use the LS CPU with the minus P option to print specific fields only or minus
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capital J for the JSON output.
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Both these options are great way to phase with other programs or scripts.
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Let's gather some disk information, okay?
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So most of us know that DF is, you know, the general one.
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You can also get information from FDISC or you can get information from Mount.
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These are great options for gathering specific information, but you can also use LSBOK
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to get an overview of your block systems at a glance.
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This utility provides much more information and you should be able to check all of its
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options using ManLSBLK.
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Often use the two options minus minus FS to include the file system type and the output
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and minus capital J for the JSON output to parse using other programs.
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Okay, and now we want to know about the USB information.
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So you may use the LS USB Utilities together information about available USB devices on
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your distribution, you may not include these utility out of fault.
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You can install USB Utils package to access it to, you do this by doing sudo, DNF, install
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minus Y USB Tills or sudo apt-get install USB Utils.
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Okay, then use LS USB to list your devices and it'll miss a bus and then device one and
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then a bus and device two and for detailed output use the minus V or minus T option to format
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as a hierarchal tree.
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Okay, so what about the PCI?
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What about the bus and the back?
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So the LS PCI gives you information about the PCI devices.
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This utility is part of the PCI Utilities package and you may need to install it depending
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on your distribution and again you can use DNF install over sudo apt install or there might
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either be a snap of it.
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Okay, so let's run it.
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LS PCI and it starts talking about first you see a host bridge from, from usually from
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Intel, usually from Intel and then you'll see a VGA compatible controller and then
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there'll list who that is, it could be Red Hat or Sousa and you have PCI bridge and again
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your Linux vendor will be there and then it comes your audio device and your controller.
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So basically anything that's back there on that PCI bus is there and again you can use
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the slash V option for more detailed output or minus K to list the kernel module that's used
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by the device and minus S for Pacific devices based on their ID.
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For example to list the kernel modules for device 5 colon 00 dot 0 use LS PCI minus S
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0 5 colon 00 dot 0 minus K and then it'll show you the things and it'll say subsistone
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Linux distribution device 1000 and it's a virtual PCI thing.
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Okay, so let's let's talk about RAM, okay, and of course the RAM is used by the free command
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and you can do, I use the minus H to get human readable out of that, but
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for additional information about your RAM including the number of top of slots,
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manufacturing, information sizes or other physical details, you can use something called the
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DMI decode utility. I haven't ever used this but it's very good, it's a generic utility that
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provides information about many hardware and firmware components. So if you don't have it,
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again you can use DNF or you can use Cyper or you can use Sousa Appget and then you say
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install and then it's DMI decode. Since DMI decode provides a huge number of information,
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you can filter its output by using the minus T to type list specific types only, for example,
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to display only RAM related information, use minus T memory and the word memory.
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And this is a pseudo command, so you have to do a pseudo DMI decode minus T memory and it'll
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show you the complete thing. Okay, so what about the BIOS? And again it's with the DIMI decode,
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so it's DIMI decode minus T and then space BIOS and then you get all the information about your
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BIOS. Okay, and so what about the system information? So you can use again DMI decode minus T
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slash system and you get again it's a pseudo command, you get everything from the symbols,
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you get the manufacturer, the product name, serial number, the UID, wake up type, the whole thing.
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And so what's next? Some command line utilities that help you understand the system in hardware
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where you run on your Linux operating system. Some of these utilities are specialized while
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DIMI decode is generic, you can see all of that by using the DIMI decode minus T.
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And so if you do that, it lists the valid keywords that you can use with that utility.
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So you can get a BIOS, you can get a system, you can get a base board, a chassis, a processor,
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a memory, a cache, a connector, or slot. Other high level utilities that provide detailed
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information about hardware like HW info or GUI tools such as CPUX. And maybe we'll have
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another podcast to talk about these in the future. Well, hey, this is JWP and I hope
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where you all have a nice day and that you're nice to one another and that you'll be blessed.
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If you need reach me, please reach out at JWP5 at hotmail.com. Thank you so much. Bye bye.
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You have been listening to Hacker Public Radio at Hacker Public Radio does work.
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Today's show was contributed by a HBR listener like yourself. If you ever thought of recording
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podcast, you click on our contribute link to find out how easy it really is. Hosting for HBR has
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been kindly provided by an honesthost.com, the internet archive, and our syncs.net.
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On the Sadois status, today's show is released under Creative Commons,
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Attribution 4.0 International License.
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