hpr-knowledge-base/hpr_transcripts/hpr4281.txt

Episode: 4281
Title: HPR4281: My ridiculously complicated DHCP setup at home
Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr4281/hpr4281.mp3
Transcribed: 2025-10-25 22:25:41

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This is Hacker Public Radio Episode 4281 from Monday the 30th of December 2024.
Today's show is entitled, My Ridiculously Complicated DHCP Setup at Home.
It is the first show by Newhost John the Nice Guy and is about 8 minutes long.
It carries a clean flag. The summary is, this is about how I set up my DHCP server at home.
Today's show is licensed under a Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication License.
Hello, this is John the Nice Guy and after 10 years of knowing about Hacker Public Radio,
here is my first podcast for the network. Firstly, I want to give a shout out to my
headman Edmund Podcast co-host out who I heard just a week or so ago talking about
Proximal Clinic, glad to hear you over here too. I want to record an episode on my
ridiculously complicated DHCP set up at home. I'm not saying this is the right or even a
good idea for anyone else, but it's something you might want to do. Firstly, a little
bit about why I have a complicated DHCP set up and it starts with the router my previous
ISP gave me. My router could just about cope with serving DHCP, but at the time when I was
experimenting with running service on my home lab, the DNS server on the router wouldn't
return the dresses for the hosts on my network, just those on the public internet. This
wasn't a great experience, so I installed PiHull initially because I've heard good things
about how to use it, add blocking capabilities, but later because it was just a pretty
and sensible DHCP and DNS server that I could do things with. Another cover is PiHull
is running DNS Mask, which means that all the configuration is just plain text files
that I can overwrite with Ansible. My PiHull was running on a Raspberry Pi 2, with
in a Lego style case plugged into the back of my router, and this was fine for a few months,
and then it ran out of storage space. I changed jobs, my wife complained one too many times
and I reverted back to using the router's DHCPD and DNS. I also picked up either Nebula
or Tails Girl around that time too, so I didn't really need an internal DNS to resolve
my home services anymore, and anything probably I set up external DNS records pointing to
internal addresses. Job done. Scrub forward a few years, and when I changed jobs, I got
a joining bonus, which paid for me to get wired network around my house. I also set up
my own Prox Mox cluster, which I documented on a blog post, on my blog. Again, everything's
peachy. I set up Home Assistant, which I exposed to the internet via Proxy on my VPS,
and everything was still good, but things are a little bit more complicated now. I've
got more stuff to keep track of, and the router's DHCP server was struggling a little,
but it was all still okay. And then I changed ISP. My new ISP shipped a router running customized
version of Open.OpenWRT, and I thought, finally, a great router. And then I realised I couldn't
do anything sensible with it. It was so locked down. I mean, I couldn't even change
the admin password without factory resetting it. Anyway, we're going to a couple of weeks
while my wife was complaining about random, intermittent DNS requests failing, and I was
seeing it too. So I found on the Prox Mox helper script website that someone would put
a script to set up a pie-hole instance. And naturally, as I had two Prox Mox servers
by this point, I ran two pie-hole servers. This lasted a few months until I performed
a system upgrade to the Prox Mox cluster, and it took down both Prox Mox cluster members
at the same time. And DNS fell off the network. I revised the Raspberry Pi 2, which now sits
reattached to the back of the router again. Excellent. So, meanwhile, I was getting more
and more into internet, more and more into internet of things, and I had several two-year
IoT devices connected over Wi-Fi. And the 254 network addresses available in the Slash24
size network, to me at home, didn't seem enough anymore. So I decided to expand my networks
to a Slash22, giving me enough address space for 1222 devices. Plus, I have kids who
each have computers and phones and games devices. My wife and I both worked from home, so
we both had computers from work and our own personal devices too, so I decided now is
the time to plan out my network. I decided to use PHP IPAM, having been asked to look
at it for work, and found it was a good fit for what I wanted to do with it. PHP IPAM
really is designed for owners of large-scale networks, people who allocate chunks of
public IP scopes and IPv6 address ranges, but it will subdivide smaller network blocks,
and so I could carve up my little network. I decided to split my Slash22 into 4-24 networks.
One was dedicated to the HTTP address items, with one smaller subnet in there allocated to the
Proxmox hosted by Hull, and the other to the Raspberry Pi hosted by Hull. Both are basically
a catch-all for anything I've not yet allocated static IP addresses to. One Slash24 was allocated
to end user devices like phones, computers, TVs and games consoles, separated into smaller subnets,
per person, one additional subnet for room-shared devices like TVs and games consoles. One subnet
was separated into smaller subnets for IoT devices and core network things like mains and networks,
switches, light bulbs, cameras and printers. The last Slash24 subnet was undivided, but was for
servers both physical and virtual. And I should note at this point that whilst I'm saying they're
subnetted or divided down, these are logical subnetting, they're not actual subnetting,
so I don't lose addresses for routers and DHCP and stuff like that. This is literally just
logical for how my head thinks about it. So great, I've now got a lovely network map, but
ah, now I've got to transfer all of those DHCP and static IP address allocations to the
pi-house. And whilst I've been using gravity sync to synchronise between the two pi-house devices
for a while, sometimes it took a little while for gravity to sync to sync. And over time I wanted
to expose some of those servers I was running at home to my family at home, so I needed to move
this up again, and I turned to Antsport. A few years ago, I'd helped write some answering
modules which used to interact with the cloud service my employer at the time was running,
so I kind of had an idea on how Antsport worked under the service, and my
the documentation for writing a new set of lookups was okay, and chat GPT helped us where I lost my way.
I knew there was a terraform provider for PHP IPAM, and so I knew there was all working API.
I knew I could look stuff up in PHP IPAM, and I wrote some Antsport lookups to confirm the data was
accessible for PHP IPAM. And it was great, now what I need to do is drop the files into pi-house.
Now, I've heard Alex from the Self Hosting podcast talking about how he wrote some Antsport
automate his pi-house management, but it assumed a lot about how your network was set up,
and integrated a bit with some of the other things he did. No complaints there, it's his
no withdrawal, but I needed it to do five specific things. One, create a list of static DHCP
allocations on both pi-house devices. Two, create a list of DNS names to resolve in the internal
network to address his via a record. Three, create a list of DNS names to resolve to other DNS
names via c-name records, this means I can move stuff around if I need to. Four, create a list
of DNS wildcards, so anything ending in that name would appear in my network, and five, if
anything, changed in those four things before restart DNS mask. I wrote this code and ran it.
Well, ran it, and it didn't work, so I fixed it, and ran it again, and again, and again,
until it did work. So now I've uploaded that Ansible Playbook to my GitHub today, feel free to take a
look, and you've probably spent a while listening to this, and this is my too-longed listen
wrap-up. I have two pi-house devices. I run a PHP IPM service under Docker on an LXC container
on my Proxmox server. On the same LXC container, I have a cron job which triggers the Ansible Playbook,
every five minutes or so, to push updates from PHP IPM to the pi-house hosts.
Every few days, I check to see what hosts have turned up in the DHCP pools on the pi-house hosts,
and map those to hosts I want to track in future, and allocate them addresses in PHP IPM,
so that those hosts will get managed IP addresses after five minutes or so. The next time they
renew their DNS, the DHCP addresses. Ta-da! Now, for more over-engineered solutions like this,
feel free to take a look at the content on my blog, in my GitHub, in the GitHub Openization
I'm associated with, anyway, both sorts of things, and maybe I'll appear again on Hacker,
public radio. Take care, 73s.
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