hpr-knowledge-base/hpr_transcripts/hpr3629.txt

Episode: 3629
Title: HPR3629: Linux Inlaws S01E59: The Show with Red Pandas Mosaic Killers and Metal Corrosion
Source: https://hub.hackerpublicradio.org/ccdn.php?filename=/eps/hpr3629/hpr3629.mp3
Transcribed: 2025-10-25 02:29:17

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This is Hacker Public Radio Episode 3,629 for Thursday the 30th of June 2022.
Today's show is entitled, Linux and Laws Sci, the show with red pandas mosaic killers
and metal corrosion.
It is part of the series Linux and Laws.
It is the 60th show of monochromic and is about 73 minutes long.
It carries an explicit flag.
The summary is an interview with Eric Rescola Firefox, CTO on browsers, the Internet and
hardcore CFi.
This is Linux and Laws, a podcast on topics around free and open source software, any associate
to contraband, communism, the revolution in general, and whatever else, fans is critical.
Please note that this and other episodes may contain strong language, offensive humor,
and other certainly not politically correct language.
You have been warned.
Our parents insisted on this disclaimer.
Happy mum?
That's the content is not suitable for consumption in the workplace, especially when
played back on a speaker in an open plan office or similar environments.
Any miners under the age of 35 or any pets including fluffy little killer bunnies, you trusted
guide dog unless on speed, and Qt-rexes or other associated dinosaurs.
This is Linux and Laws episode, no, season 1 episode something to be determined later,
modern how are things?
Yeah, things are normal, it's raining in the UK.
It's raining in the UK, what have I happened to globbin warming, not available here.
OK, so Greta got stopped by, can't complain, Greta, Greta didn't stop by recently, I don't
think Senna she was otherwise engaged to.
I see, fair enough.
No, I'm fine, it hasn't rained here in ages, so all the rain has been moving to the UK.
So that's probably an order, because as we all know, the met office normally in the UK,
for the social people in case you didn't know this yet, the summer is normally supposed
to happen between the 13th and 14th of August, some went around much time.
It's usually June or May or something, but only for half an hour, right?
Well, you can be lucky if you have a day or so.
You could put the heating outside and turn on the, yes, talking about heating, how many
showers have you had these days?
About twice a day, but only cold.
A lot of the gas situation, apparently, you're aware of.
The message is this again, the three of them, yeah.
Martin, what is the, what is the situation with lower drivers and what's what I'm looking
for wheat and sunflower once again in the UK?
I heard that you're facing desperate times, as far as I know, we can buy bread.
So, surprise you to order?
Yeah, I think nothing here.
Eventually it pays to cause you up with the Russians, right?
I don't know, you tell me.
Or maybe you should ask your chancellor.
I just got a phrase.
No, the new guy, what's his name?
Olaf Scholz.
Yes, him, yes, good to see you, isn't he?
Wait, you tell me.
I don't follow John Polytics as much as you do, but this is not the point.
That's about politics, never mind German or English or British, anyway.
Without further ado, we would like to introduce Eric Roscola.
For those two listeners in the audience who do not know who Eric Roscola is,
maybe Eric, you can introduce yourself.
Good morning.
Nice to be here.
So, I'm the CTO for Firefox.
I work at Ms. Elah, which is a company that makes Firefox.
So, I lead a small team that does a bunch of things, including technical strategies,
standards, a bunch of advanced work, thanks to analogy type work.
My main area of expertise is in communication security.
And I did a lot of work on TLS, which is the main protocol that powers
web security, and most recently I was the editor for the New Versus specification,
which now secures, I guess, about half the internet transactions on the web.
That was comprehensive.
Thank you, Eric.
Maybe for, I think we have eight listeners now, but maybe there's one among these eight
who do not, who doesn't know what Firefox is, never mind.
The Museum of Foundation Incorporation.
So, why don't you give a little bit of background off the browser, the corporation,
and the foundation, and maybe even the ecosystem surrounding it?
Yeah, definitely.
So, I mean, obviously Firefox is a web browser.
If you use Chrome or use Safari, well, you should try Firefox.
So, Firefox is an open-source browser, which means this source goes all available.
You could believe yourself, or you can get it from us.
It's built by a combination of a community open-source process, and also by a set of people
who work for the Museum of Corporation, which is sort of, it's a,
the museum is an interesting entity, because we have this corporation, which is then wholly
owned by the Museum of Foundation, which is a nonprofit.
And so, the overall mission of the Zolls hole is to make the Internet better.
We have a whole set of slogans around this, but the overall mission is to make the Internet better.
And so, the way this works is that the corporation builds products,
and the foundation has a set of larger initiatives around things like Trust for the AI,
or, you know, privacy, evaluating privacy products, or public mobilization around important policy questions.
So, you know, we work together the foundation, the corporation, with the foundation,
taking care, I think, of maybe one can think of the bigger picture stuff,
and the corporation thinking of the product-oriented stuff.
That was a high level overview.
And for the still-to-people, I've been using Firefox since 2001 or 1999.
I still have that t-shirt saying Firefox for beta tester, that I think the foundation sent me,
or even the project, because not to show when they, when the corporation was founded,
but it's still blue, and it's, and the writing is fading.
That t-shirt I'm going to add is about at least 13 years old.
Four came out officially in 2011, maybe 2012, correct me if I'm wrong, Eric.
And the beta phase entered before a moved house, and that must have been 209-208.
That t-shirt has survived various attempts of kidnapping it.
Nevermind stealing.
But I always managed to get it back, and it holds us in the house of kind of a place dear,
or close to my heart, because Firefox is the browser that I use on a daily basis.
In contrast to other people like my cherished co-hosts, who's crazy right now at the Berkeley.
I've been following the project through the peaks and the trots,
but maybe now's the time to shed some light on the history of that browser,
maybe starting even with Netscape and what happened afterwards.
If that's correct.
Sure, I can try.
I actually joined Missilla in 2013, so, but I've been working on the web for a long time,
so I have some perspective.
So as people probably know, the first real commercial web browser was Netscape,
which in fact was probably the first really big Silicon Valley startup.com hit.
And so Netscape was very popular at the time.
And then...
This has been Netscape, right?
This has been Netscape.
Thank you.
Yes.
And then what happened is you may remember this company in Microsoft,
and they've got their own web browser.
You know, at the time called Internet Explorer.
Martin is a resident Microsoft expert.
I'm not.
Yeah.
And so, you know, the consequence of having your product ship on,
you know, be mostly used on someone else's product and having them ship their browser by default.
And so people have to download your browser is that, you know,
it has a negative impact in the market share.
And so, you know, Netscape did not...
was not doing as well as a moment of light.
And towards the end of like Netscape's lifespan,
they decided to open source the code.
And so there's this large project to open source the code and to build a new browser,
which ended up being Firefox.
So I went through and say that sort of before my time,
but that went through a bunch of kind of like iterations,
but eventually it became with Firefox.
And like Firefox still does include some, you know,
a lot of that code was rewritten, but a lot of that code is still there.
And in fact, I've worked quite a bit on the security portions of Firefox
and the security library NSS, like those back to the very early days of Netscape.
And so, you know, Firefox is really the first, you know, big open source browser.
And, you know, the first one to really where you could have all the source out there
and you could work on it, and you could read it yourself,
and you could build it yourself.
And much of the work on Firefox was done by people who volunteered
and just volunteered the time and contributed to Firefox.
And some of those people like now work for us,
some of those people, you know, worked for us in the past,
and some of those people still volunteer,
and some of those people now work on Chrome or Safari actually.
So it's really with the beginning of this big ecosystem
of the open sourcing of the web.
Wow.
And I think this is still lingering on.
I just have to take a look at the rendering engines for those people
who just look at the browser all day long.
The rendering engine is essentially the piece of software that takes HTML and CSS
and some other components like JavaScript,
and puts them into pictures,
laid out text and all the rest of it.
And Firefox, and the whole notion of,
I wouldn't say browser was,
but to some extent, at least the competition that has been going
on also bought some to render it to rendering engines,
because if we take a look at browser history,
there are a couple of competing rendering engines,
and then multiple browsers, let's put it this way,
have been using these rendering engines.
Bing comes to my, sorry, Lingle Bing.
I can't even remember.
Gecko, of course, which was, I think,
the first Firefox rendering engine,
if I'm not completely mistaken.
And then quantum, but we're going to talk about quantum and rust in a minute,
as this is part from other things,
the rust marketing podcast.
As we all know it.
Yes, and some other,
I mean, for example,
and of course, I think there are three main rendering engines.
Chrome is based on Bing,
if I'm currently mistaken, Safari or WebKit.
And Firefox on Gecko,
and now quantum,
if I'm completely mistaken.
Yeah.
So I think, as you say,
the history is very complicated.
Gecko is a historical name.
We have about four hours left,
so go over here.
That's fantastic.
I love talking about rendering engines,
so that's good.
So when I got into the business around 2013,
there were three engines largely.
There was WebKit,
which powered Safari and Chrome.
And then there was,
I believe, in turn, remember what Microsoft called theirs?
I think it was Trident at the time.
And there was Gecko,
which powered Firefox.
And surely thereafter,
the Google decided,
so Google and Apple collaborated on WebKit.
So as you say,
the story is that there's the engine,
which is drives the networking,
and the JavaScript,
and just lays the HTML,
and there's the stuff around it,
you know, the menu bars and stuff like that.
And actually, fun story,
the technical term for that stuff,
for the menu bars,
and the URL bar,
and that is Chrome.
That's what everybody calls called browser Chrome,
and that's where the name Chrome comes from.
And so shortly thereafter,
I guess in like 13 or 14,
Google decided that they didn't want to collaborate
with Apple anymore on WebKit,
and so they forked it.
And so they took,
so Blink is a WebKit fork.
And so then for a while,
there were four engines,
four major engines.
There was Blink,
there was WebKit,
there was, I guess,
let's say Trident, there was Gecko.
And that went on for a long time.
And then, you know,
two other things happened,
as you indicated,
Microsoft took a stab at rewriting their entire system,
an engine called Spartan.
And that's what Edge was originally built on.
And then eventually,
they decided they were just going to use Chromium.
So Chromium is also an open source project,
it's the basis of Chrome.
And they said,
well, we're going to just take Chromium
and make Edge out of Chromium.
And so,
and so now there are three engines again,
which is to say Chromium,
which is to say Chromium WebKit and Gecko.
So,
you were alluding to,
you were alluding to quantum.
So,
I think, you know,
our branding,
our branding is a little confusing here,
but really quantum was the name for the project that initially
was the name for the project that we had to revitalize Gecko.
So Gecko had gotten less attention,
perhaps,
and needed it for the years.
And it got kind of slow
and kind of crafty in a bunch of ways.
And so we had a big project
that was designed to really revitalize Gecko.
And that had a bunch of different components,
some of which were taking in modern technologies
from this server-experimental browser
that we built in Rust, as you said,
at Missollot.
So, that's where our new CSS system came from.
It's also where our new graphics rendering system came from.
So, some of it was that.
And then some of it was really just fit and finished.
And so we had this big project that was called Quantum Flow,
that was like,
find every piece of junk in the system.
So, junk is the technical term in browsers
for like, when you type a key and nothing happens,
or when you try to like fill in,
then you burn nothing happens.
And it takes a second or two, that's junk.
And so we basically went through,
and this guy Aeson Agari led this project,
where he went through,
and basically he and a bunch of guys found,
a bunch of people found every single place
in the system they could find,
whether it was junk,
and then we tried to just develop and remove them.
And so, Quantum was the name for that project.
And then by the time we were done,
people felt like Quantum had actually become something different
and a good way to talk about Firefox.
And so that's how Firefox Quantum, you know,
I'm keen to be a thing.
I will say, you know,
re-internally, what would you just say,
Gecko still?
But Quantum is definitely a name that gets you to swap.
Yeah.
That's a very interesting perspective.
Because at the end of the day, I think,
Mozilla's engineers,
and I reckon I'm talking about the community,
as well as the people in platform,
by Mozilla cooperation,
weren't happy with the performance
of the existing branding engine.
But before we go into the technical details,
maybe we should explain what HTML,
well, I reckon everybody knows what HTML is,
but CSS plays a very important part here, too,
because CSS drives the rendering in terms of styles,
because CSS stands for,
because it's getting started.
So essentially,
for those people who do not know this,
you take HTML,
HTML is simply markup language,
and CSS gives it the fancy looks,
let's put it this way.
Needless to say,
that requires a lot of software working in the background.
Gecko, as far as I can call it,
and Eric correct me for wrong,
was a single threaded,
maybe multi-process rendering engine,
and the idea behind server
and subsequently, Quantum was to introduce
a significantly higher level of parallelism
into the rendering as such,
making or improving the overall rendering speed significantly.
If we disclosure,
we had about,
up to now,
about 50% of our episodes were on rust.
Check out the back,
the back has a lot of people.
Joke's aside.
2019.
No.
50% Martin,
but thanks for the correction.
No, we had Steve Clubnik on
from the project itself.
There was a rust,
I had a rust overview
and with some forthcoming episodes,
blatant teaser,
will have the rust foundation being present on this podcast.
But given the fact that you are the CTO, Eric,
maybe you can talk about a little bit about the internal things
if you can,
that led to the foundation of this,
I'm almost into to say,
although Kipsa programming language
in a Mozilla terms and beyond,
because if you take a look at the recent investments across the industry,
I'm talking with the likes of Google,
the likes of Microsoft,
all the rest of them,
the rust adoption is heavy,
as a system program,
and the system,
as a systems program language,
left right and center,
across the CTO-1,
T2s in the industry.
But maybe given the fact that,
okay, it wasn't with before your time,
but I reckon rust still plays an important role at Mozilla,
as such.
Absolutely, yes.
There's a lot to talk about there.
So,
Rust was started before,
and I feel pretty jumped in.
Rust was started before I got to Mozilla,
but certainly much of the work was done after I was there,
though not under not my team.
I guess,
I mean, maybe it's hopeful to start with like a brief discussion
of like what Rust is and why it's important in this case, right?
Absolutely.
So,
so like most browsers are written in C++,
and you know,
C++ is, you know, a very old language,
and really it's based on C,
and you know,
and from an era when people thought
that certain things were,
there was a program responsibility,
as opposed to their sponsored language.
So, as a concrete example,
people thought memory management was a program responsibility.
So, you want to allocate some memory,
you want to make sure that you don't accidentally like go,
like right outside the memory,
that's like your job as a program, right?
And,
or as another example,
you want to write a multi-threaded program,
which runs in, you know,
multiple threads in the processor time.
Well,
C didn't even really support that to start with,
but again,
this is like a program responsibility,
not to like use the same data in two threads at once, right?
And so, the idea with Rust is that we've now learned
that people cannot program out of these conditions,
and that if you ask people to program in those environments,
they never make mistakes,
and those mistakes become, you know,
crash errors or security vulnerabilities or whatever.
Even,
and even,
if genetically enhanced,
well,
is that right?
For programming?
Well, I think we're not there yet,
maybe, unfortunately.
Okay.
I'll tell you,
so we'll go take notes.
Yes.
In the San Francisco Office of Mozilla,
and it may still be there,
I've been there in a while,
because we had it closed down for a while.
There used to be a sign right above David Barron's desk.
David Barron was one of that
Mozilla's distinguished engineers who worked very much on CSS.
And it was,
the sign was placed at about eight feet,
and it had a line,
and it said,
you must be this tall or a multi-threaded code.
And so, you know,
the implication, of course,
is that nobody can write multi-threaded code
without making mistakes.
And so,
so, so,
so rust is, you know,
one of the new generation,
but I think perhaps the leading one of the new generation,
of programming languages,
that said,
that look,
we need to make it so that you can do all these things
that you want to do
and have them be fast
and do CSS programming,
but they have to be safe at the same time.
And I think they still have the slogan,
hack without fear.
So that's what we're talking about.
We're talking about,
doing all the things you want to do.
You want a multi-threaded code?
You want a very performant code,
but you want it to be,
that if you don't make mistakes,
that's not catastrophic, right?
And so, that's the rust enables.
And so,
rust was originally started,
as you say,
Lord, it's a great part to, like,
build a new,
a new JavaScript,
sorry, a new
Web Engine server.
Oh, yeah.
So, yeah. And so,
so we had this project for quite some time to servo,
which was basically building
an entirely new engine out of rust,
in rust.
And at the same time,
we had people starting to build components
in Firefox,
in rust,
as well.
So,
but I think we,
what rust brings the party,
and as you,
as opposed to, say,
go or Swift,
I think,
which are the other sort of languages that people often
think of in the same category,
is that it's really designed
to be a systems programming language.
And what I mean by that,
is it's really designed
to displace C++.
And so,
and so, concretely,
there's not,
there's not like a garbage collector,
so you don't have to take stalls
every so often with a garbage collector,
you know,
you have to work with a memory.
And so,
it's designed to kind of behave
like C++,
but to be like,
just as fast,
but safer to write in.
So,
for obvious reasons,
there's a lot of interest
of that in the browser community.
And now, what we're seeing is,
interest in other communities, as well,
which is,
as you were going into that kind of investment.
We make,
as I say,
modestly heavy use of rust.
You know,
what we've typically done is two things.
We've written new components in rust.
So,
there's this new
networking protocol,
called Quick,
that,
and we wrote the entire implementation in rust.
And then,
we're making things out of servo,
and we brought them in,
uh,
in rust.
And then, I think,
finally, every so often,
we'll find something
that is, like, so terrible,
that, like,
it just needs to be written.
And in those cases,
we often re-great.
We were in rust.
So, an example of that is,
the URL parser,
got pretty substantially rewritten,
and that was rewritten in rust.
So, I think, you know,
the buy,
it's always very difficult,
when you're working in an old codebase,
to know,
when it's good to re-write things,
or when it's good to just fix them up in place,
even if they're kind of gross.
But,
what the typical bias here is,
when you write something new,
think about rust.
Interesting,
because apparently,
Mozilla put a lot of money
into the development of language
and its ecosystem.
But,
I can recall,
and this is getting,
probably getting a bit controversial now,
I can recall a couple of years back,
that quite a few people
had to leave Mozilla,
and also,
the rust foundation was set up.
Can you spell some beans on this one?
Yeah.
So, I think,
I think that the way to think about this
is,
Mozilla started rust,
and we thought it was very important
to have it,
and we think it's been really good
for the ecosystem.
But, we didn't want to own rust.
And,
you know, we wanted the rust to do something
to community-owned,
not something that Mozilla owned.
And so,
for quite some time,
we wanted to figure out how to,
like, stop having it be something
where, you know,
all the engineers were for us,
and we kind of made the decisions,
and have it be something that had,
had it's own,
the student's own state.
And so,
you know, the idea behind the rust foundation
was to have that,
that place.
Like this probably,
like,
the close-denser,
you know,
we still are heavily involved with that.
One of the people on my team
is on the World of Rust Foundation.
So,
but we fundamentally wanted this to be a community effort.
Not something was all owned in perpetuity.
Martin, sorry.
You had a question, too.
If Martin hasn't fallen asleep yet,
if he has,
I'm simply going to go next.
Just keep jogging, yeah.
Sorry, yes.
Martin, wait, you're awake.
I was just following the rust construction.
Martin, I told you to take the meds, didn't you?
Martin, I told you to take the meds, didn't you?
Well, the problem is I did, yeah.
Can't you do it, yes.
Anyway, go ahead, Martin.
Mr. Riser.
Yeah, I think,
as part of your trip,
you mentioned you,
you know,
you have lots to do with standards.
Yes.
And, I guess,
I guess in the browsing is one of the most,
let's say,
that's called hackable types of activities these days.
Certain airlines come to mind and etc.
But how much of that work takes up your job in Amherst,
do you look to the open source community to help with all these kind of standards?
Well, I mean, it's a big effort.
It's a big group effort, right?
So I think, you know,
we have people across the organization,
and also people we engage in the open source community to develop standards.
We try to, I think, weigh in,
or we think our voices will,
our voice will mat on the most.
And, you know, not weigh in,
places where our voice won't matter.
So, you know,
that's a combination of our expertise, I think.
And, you know,
the expertise that participants, participants,
personally, we have,
as well as places where we have a real,
you know, a real investment, right?
So, you know,
if it's HTML or CSS,
then we like engage pretty heavily.
And, you know, there are other places, I think,
where, you know, we've engaged less heavily.
You know, so maybe it's a big example.
You know, we don't like,
we don't engage in like congestion control,
like internet congestion control very much.
Like other people care about that.
We work a lot.
It's being done.
I think it's important.
But like, we don't have anybody in Brazil who's like an expert on congestion control.
So we don't work on that.
If that's a level, you know, say,
say Google does, right?
So, you know, there's this new congestion control algorithm called BBR,
the Google designed,
and like,
it's nice work.
But, you know, we didn't,
we didn't work on, like,
standardizing that kind of stuff.
So, I mean, my team specifically focuses,
I think, Laura,
as I sort of indicated,
largely on networking stuff.
So, you know,
security,
transfer protocols,
you know, audio and video.
So,
I am,
I am a bunch of people.
I hope you and my team,
as well as many other people at Missoula,
worked on WebRTC,
which is the specifications,
letting us have this conversation.
Yeah.
So, I think those are places where I think Missoula is
had important valuable influences.
And I think that there are other places where, you know,
like I say,
we're happy to let other people pick up the ball.
I mean,
another example of a place where I think there's been actual work
that we participated in some,
and our,
our pull back from a little bit,
but other people picked up the ball,
is an audio and video codex,
where, you know, there's a,
there's a,
a lion sort of a media,
which is standardizing,
AV1.
I guess, I guess,
I'll last enter as AV1,
so I think they're on the AV2 now.
And so, you know,
that's a great example of where other people are doing fantastic work
that we're happy to,
excited to support,
and happy is happening.
Yeah.
No, it makes sense.
So, I say,
you focus on the extent.
Yeah.
I guess,
the audio and video,
you implement those products.
The other thing is that other people build the,
the networking side,
to make sense.
And one thing I,
one thing I would add is that I think,
you know, I think that,
that we work very closely with our counterparts at Apple,
and Microsoft,
and Google,
and Chrome,
especially,
Google,
in particular,
Safari.
And, you know,
we, I think we think of that,
I think there's very much a feeling that we're all kind of on the same team,
and we're all trying to make the web better,
and that, you know,
we're all pulling together.
And so,
I wouldn't say there's like a formal division of labor,
but definitely,
we'll have projects where it's like,
oh, it's pretty clear that,
like,
this all is going to take the lead on this one.
Or it's pretty clear,
Google's going to take the lead.
And so, I think that's like, you know,
it's a very,
it's a very expensive proposition to actually go all the stuff.
And so, it's helpful to have people like,
oh, these guys are going to handle it,
and we'll follow along.
Now, I mean, this is so many parts to it, right?
I mean, there's this,
there's the,
you mentioned the audio video,
there's the HTML,
there's CSS standards,
there's JavaScript,
you know,
as a,
as a main browser organization,
you'll see that don't want to control all those standards,
but you mentioned cooperation with,
with some of the other organizations there.
Is, is that in any way shape or form,
formalized,
or is that more of a,
let's say,
we're working on this,
we think this is important,
kind of,
scenario,
or is there an overriding organization
that tries to,
get all these,
you know,
browser,
builders,
put it that way in the same direction.
So there's several,
there's several important standards,
what's called a standards development organization,
or standards by,
that were some of these.
So there's, you know,
there's W3C,
which is like,
the historical web standards organization,
there's TC39,
which is a historical JavaScript,
organization,
there's what working group,
which is sort of now doing more of the HTML5 stuff,
and then there's ITF,
which does networking stuff.
So like, you know,
we all kind of like participate in all these,
and so though,
you know,
so as a concrete example,
WebRTC was done
in a combination of ITF for the networking pieces,
and for W3C for the HTML,
and DOM pieces, right?
And so,
so we all sort of collaborate
at those,
at those,
at those standards bodies,
and then of course,
there's a bunch of informal collaboration,
where, you know,
we, you know,
we all chat
and the people who are working on things
talk to each other,
and so,
to give you an example,
when we wanted to roll out,
TLS 1.3,
this new version of TLS,
that I was talking about,
you know,
I was constantly on the phone,
or I instant messaging,
with the people at Chrome,
and the people at Apple,
and Safari,
saying,
okay,
we think we're ready to do this next,
you know,
we, the drafts get done
in different versions,
and so,
we're ready to try to deploy in this next version,
and we're ready to play it like,
you know, next,
you know, next week,
great,
or can you do that?
And it's not just,
it's not just the browsers,
it's also,
of course,
people like server vendors,
so we've been very close
with CloudFlare,
and with Fastly,
as well,
and we're ready to talk to other people
like that,
and it's the same thing.
There's the informal channels of communication,
where people know each other,
and that's where,
you know,
that's how you coordinate
when things are going to happen,
as well as this industry,
but also how,
you know,
you get people interested in things,
you know,
you're working,
you've got an interesting idea,
in IETF committees, but rather by email or RSC or whatever the hipsters or disco,
whatever the hipsters use these days.
I mean, yeah, I think that, you know, these, like, the important thing to realize about
these standards bodies is that they serve a really important function of coordination
and finishing, but they're not really very good at technology development.
And so you really need to have the technology kind of half done, but I think they bring
it to the standards body, or it's kind of like it's very hard to make progress.
And, you know, so I've been involved in a lot of these efforts, and, you know, the ones
that work really well are the ones who are pretty small, type of people either inside
or outside of the standards body.
It does a lot of the heavy lifting and talking to each other all the time, and then the
sort of bigger community discussions happen once, you know, once the general contours are
put together.
So it's still an open process, which is really important, but it's, you know, if the processes
open, and there are 200 people trying to do something at the very beginning, no one
ever make progress.
So it's important to have, like, the kind of general sense of where you're trying to go,
set up, and then you start saying, okay, now we're going to have a, and in that process
will be sort of like mostly open, but it'll be a small group.
And then as it gets bigger, you'll say, okay, now we understand we're, now we're trying
to find it.
And that's when you can take, you know, people say, well, this, you know, this packet
needs to look different, but this, or this, you know, API needs to look different.
But those are compatible with the sort of, you know, we, you know, community contribution.
And in fact, if you think about that, that's also the same case situation with open source,
right?
Which is the open source, quite just that really are effective, are not ones where someone
puts out like one line of code, and says, I'm going to build a web browser.
Their ones where someone builds a fair fraction of it.
And then it's like stone soup, and you can put it together.
But if, you know, it's just completely like a morph of the beginning, it's hard to
make progress.
The tiny open source project called Linux comes to mind, which operates exactly on that,
on these principles.
For that.
For that.
For that.
And Martin, any thoughts on how Linux would have been these days, if a committee was involved
in terms of apart from a detector and some work of shipping in code?
No, it makes perfect sense.
So it's similar to that project, it's similar to that patchy foundation.
There have to be kind of, in some way, shape or form already, usable and formed before
they actually go to for applying to these kind of states, otherwise, it's just this.
I'm beaten.
I'm beaten to that.
I'm beaten to that.
How are you?
But there's a program in language called Adda, ring it by Martin.
It does.
It does.
I wonder.
I mean, I think you have about five people on the planet that I said you were, you're
still using it.
But apart from that.
I think they're still using it.
It depends if the Netherlands may be still in summer means, but they're probably not
there.
I do not know.
I can recall some piece in the press about a couple of years back that spoke about this,
but apart from that, I think nobody uses it.
And of course, for those listeners who are not as old as Martin and myself, I'm Carter.
I can't re-talk with Eric.
Our Adda was a program language back in the 80s that was designed by a committee.
I can't recall which ones.
It's clear to you.
It's maybe the show notes.
I don't know.
If I can't dig them up, but it goes to show that these things never really work.
And I reckon Russ is the perfect, perfect example for this one because a group of people
got together going back to my favorite program language now and just did things.
Of course, there is now a formal structure in place in the Russ foundation.
And that also handles improvement requests on the rest of it.
But as usual, if you take a close look at the Russ ecosystem, it's almost comparable to
Python with PyPy and all the rest of it.
I will stop the marketing rant here because there's a recent episode of something called
Linux in-laws that does an X in job on the Russ market, so people listen to that.
Suffice it to say, with regards to the ecosystem, Russ is rapidly gaining speed here.
And comparison to the likes of Cisharp, Python, JavaScript, and I'm almost to say Java
with maybe not the rest of it.
But I'm digressing.
I think that you're showing you the right that Russ is gaining traction.
I think that's really gratifying for people here to see that we made the right call, not
me personally, but the Mozilla collectively made the right call.
I think there's places for different things.
And certainly, I think JavaScript and Python played pretty important roles and I would
expect to see them plausibly displaced by Russ.
I think the things that Russ is a threat to are Cisharp maybe C++ and C. I would say it's
very hard to explain if you're writing new code, like a fresh piece of code, why write that
in C or C++ at this point.
If you're going to let anybody have contact with it, that's an adversarial all.
But I think I've certainly done plenty of Russ programming and I've done some JavaScript
and Python.
I think the tasks I would do for those are different enough that if I wanted to process some
data, I wouldn't use Russ not to see what's fast, these Python.
And obviously, if I wanted to write that, I would use JavaScript.
So I think it's like horses for courses, but I think there's definitely a niche in the
ecosystem.
You're certainly right to say there's a niche in ecosystem that Russ is invading and taking
over.
How is healthy?
I mean, that was, I mean, you could argue that C++ already took that place from that.
No, Martin, you see, I don't know if that guy called him as Thomas rings about who said
about 20 years back that C++ won't have placed in the kernel, but he endorsed Russ about
a year ago, maybe two years ago.
And it starts with the device drivers, but now more and more Russ is entering the code
base.
It'll take some time and full disclosure.
We just come back from a time traveling exercise, more and upcoming episode.
The beauty is that the little kernel will always be written to a large extent in C. Russ won't
replace the whole thing at least within the next 20 years.
But suffice it to say that Russ is slowly easing its way into the kernel, given the fact
that the little kernel is probably the most widely used operating system on the planet,
not even counting mobile.
I'm joking.
It certainly has made its point with regards to being a better or a more, what's the word
I'm talking for?
Adopted C++.
I mean, a lot of code is written C++.
You just have to take a look at GitHub, but I think Russ is rapidly gaining ground.
But okay, the Russ Foundation hasn't sent the check yet, so the marketing stops here.
Russ Foundation, if you're looking for more marketing, apart from the upcoming episode,
the email address is sponsored, it doesn't seem to be used, it'll go right ahead, please
get in touch.
Martin, I'm sure you had some more thoughts beyond Russ.
What else is there beyond Russ?
Anyway.
Quite a few things.
It's, I guess, you've also made this, you've grown up, it's not just like a real
else has on this podcast, and clearly browsing has become more of a, let's say, the way
that everything is consumed, content consumed, over time, right?
That's, you know, if we, whether it's cat videos or music, everything tends to be browser
based, how did you foresee this happening?
And did you actually, how do you see this going forward?
Because, you know, we went through, we almost go in cycles in the industry anyway.
Never about it, never with our client server and the clients and the clients and so on,
and so on, and moving more code into the browser and out of the browser, etc.
If you have a view on this or like Eric before you answer this, Martin is always as old
as I am.
So that has to be put in perspective, sorry Eric, go right ahead, go right ahead.
I mean, this is like a very old, like, you know, pattern, right?
I think, you know, I'm sure you remember Java, but maybe you don't remember before that
news, the network window system on Sun, which was like downloadable postscript, and they
are lost out to X11.
So I mean, this idea downloadable code is like super old.
I guess I would say, I would say like, it was half a surprise to me, like when I first
saw the web, you know, I think we realized that you could build powerful applications
on it, but you'd have to build new capabilities to make it happen.
I think if you told me, you know, back in 1996 that you're going to see, that's effectively
the web operating system that you can run any application on and the people will be doing
games on it.
I think I would have, you know, I mean, real like high quality games, I've been kind of
surprised.
You know, just like, you know, that was such a clunky kind of artifact then.
You know, I think that the, what's, you know, that the power of the web is spontaneity,
right?
And it's low friction.
So as you go to the site and you click on this and like, it's perfect and like, it's
safe to download the thing and run it in your browser because the browser protects
you.
And there's no download, there's no install experience, it just happens, right?
And so that's the, that's the thing that the web is, is bringing to the party.
And so anything that can be incompatibly with that is like a great candidate for being
on the web and the things that can't be done compatible for that and that's the candidates.
But you know, I think, I think what you see the project of the past 10 years, if I've
said 10 years has been, has been to find the places that like people wanted to build
apps for the web, that they can't because the web is missing something and then build
those things in.
And so WebRTC is a great example that people wanted to build video competition for the
web, but it was missing some key capabilities.
And so the question was whether key builders we have to put in there to make that work.
And that's how you get, you know, get user media, it's how you get pure connection, it's
how you get the built-in, you know, built-in codex and echo cancellation, all those things,
those are like what's the big work.
And so on another front, you say, well, people want to be able to video games on the web.
And so what do you need?
You need a fast programming language, hence WebAssembly.
You need to be able to do fast graphics, hence WebGL.
And so I think that, you know, the, the, the, the director we see is we'd like to see
people do things on the web and we'd like to ask what are the applications that are
most suitable for webifying that take advantage of that low friction and that safety, but
there are some reason to in community build and how do we build that?
Eric, you've got an absolute point there because if you take a look at something called
Chromebooks, that's exactly it.
It's a minimal Linux kernel that just boots up a browser and then you're good to go.
If, if you take a look at the numbers, the numbers are just astonishing.
Of course, Google doesn't find job with pouring a lot of discount into the retail sector,
it's exactly, especially in the education sector.
But this concept has really taken off.
Too bad it's not Firefox.
Yes.
I mean, we did, we did take a run at this.
We had this project called Firefox OS that was designed to be kind of liking Petter
DeAndroid, but I think you can imagine how hard it is to compete with Android.
The absolute never got rid of the ground, did it?
No.
No, it didn't, that, that, that project did not succeed though, I mean, you know, some
of the pieces of that project are still floating around in the code base from, you know, got
repurposed other things.
I mean, that was the, you were alluding earlier to, you know, Firefox being a multi-processed
browser, the original process separation work started there.
Changing onto more controversial issues.
Chrome, and I'm not talking about Chrome, you know, two seconds and Chrome is also affected
by Chrome.
There's a fine job with turning the user into the product, let's put it this way.
I mean, if you take a look at the telemetry that is built into Chrome, it's a lot.
And Google has certainly put a lot of money into marketing Chrome for reason, I'm not
at.
If I take a look at what's the word, what's the, what's the, what's that I've had a look
for Martin?
It's simple, you, you put ads on TV and in print and then you couldn't get to use that
browser.
I've been seeing that for a long time.
If you're bringing in the wrong country, no jokes aside, I mean, Chrome has, at least
that was the case about 10 to seven years ago, you could see Chrome ads on TV and print
all over the place.
Yes.
Where Google put a lot of money to marketing the browser for reason, because of adoption.
The website is, what is it, what is it, Eric Stutt's counter or counterstress or something?
Stutt counter.
Stutt counter.
Yes.
And if I take a look at this now, I did about a month ago, Chrome captured about 66% of
the market share.
I reckon, and that's a fair play to, to Google, that they did a very good job at marketing
Chrome in terms of its mobile, its desktop, it's all the rest of it, nevermind Chrome books
to have that adoption.
Because at the end of the day, they're not interested in selling Chrome books, they're
interested in your data, something like that.
I can recall a little bit of controversy about telemetry, but in Firefox, but that was
only enabled in dev builds, not in production builds.
Well, so Firefox does have telemetry in production builds as well at this point.
I think we're very careful and respectful of what data we collect and what data we don't
collect in telemetry, and that's, we document that, it's open source, obviously, as you
can see it.
But you can also, if you're running Firefox and you go to the URL bar, you can have about
coal in telemetry into the URL bar, and it will show you exactly what's being gathered.
So we try to be, we have a set of principles about how we handle this, and we try to be
respectful of what we gather and not gather and try to avoid it, and don't gather user
browsing history, for instance, I think my sense, I don't work on Chrome, I have done
some work on Chrome in the past, actually, when I was working on my VRTC, but my sense is
that while Chrome does gather telemetry, that the telemetry itself is not really the
privacy problem.
I mean, I'm not saying it's, I haven't listed it in detail, but my sense is it's generally
kind of not too terrible, but that rather, you know, that the Chrome is designed, as you
said, to drive you to the Google ecosystem, and to ask you to log into Google, and so
then, you know, you're using Google properties, and so I think what Chrome really does, it
works hand in glove, with like, you know, with like Google properties, to like get you
to these Google stuff, right?
And I'll say, not surprising, it's like one company, right?
And those properties work really well on Chrome.
And so I think that that is like the impact, you know, in terms of like user privacy of
Chrome, is that fact, right?
More so than like the telemetry practices.
Okay.
Something that has also been on my mind since version 57 of Firefox, the great API disaster.
For those of you who don't know what this is all about, that's exactly, I think, and
correct me if I'm wrong, that came along with the, with the taking of the new rendering
engine into production, and a lot of the extension APIs changed, meaning that you've
had an extension, all of a sudden, didn't work anymore.
Yeah.
Yeah.
So, so, so, I think so Firefox is basically an incredibly sensible product, and it's
really sensible in several ways, one of which is, of course, the source, but the other
is we had a very powerful extension API, which would let you do all kinds of things, and
would let you, you know, you know, basically, you could just, you could insert yourself
and like, you could write an extension, they're called add-ons at the time, that you could
insert yourself and like, all kinds of parts of the browser processing, anywhere you wanted.
And you could, and so, this was a very powerful capability, but it really depended, as you
were mentioning earlier, on a particular architecture of Firefox, that involved having everything
being one giant process, and that when it was like a multiple processes, and now when
it's in like one process, you know, one process per origin, that became like, really very
hard to keep working.
And so, we sort of had to make a choice when we did, you know, we did quantum.
How much effort are we going to go through to make these extensions continue to work in
the face of basic architecture, which is like not really compatible with them?
And at the same time, there was like a lot of Chrome market share, and there were Chrome,
you know, people could write a sentence for Chrome using the Chrome add-on API.
And that API was, because Chrome had been designed, you know, initially to be a multi-processed
browser, was much more compatible with that kind of architecture we now had.
And so, it was just a lot easier, frankly, to cut over and use an API that was like
new to Chrome's, than it was trying to like, make all that stuff work.
And so, it was a difficult choice when we finally made it, but it was just like either
we had to do a enormous amount of work or keep, you know, or hold back the release in
order to, you know, make these things work when we weren't able to.
And I think, you know, what I would say is I think we've done a pretty good job, they're
not a perfect job of re-enabling capabilities that are important, you know, our web extension
APIs.
And I guess I would say, like, you know, I don't know if you're putting my content information
in your show notes, but you're welcome to.
And if people think they're some important piece of capability that should be an extension
API, that's not like they should contact me and we can take a walk.
But yeah, I know we broke a lot of people and like, I feel bad about that, but it was
kind of like a difficult trade off we had to make.
Finally, a question on the side from my side.
Spada monkey versus what's it called, V8?
Yeah.
For those people who do not know for the minority in the audience, we're talking about this
I don't language called JavaScript with that drives about 90% of the of the web applications
that run in your browser, the rest is probably written in something called web assembly,
which is slowly taking over for a couple of decades, JavaScript has played a very important
role in browser adoption.
Who came up with something called as I said, V8 that brought a lot of performance improvements
to the table, but there have been, there have been voices in the industry that say Spada
monkey is dated.
Any comments on this?
Yeah, I don't think it is.
I think, you know, you know, I think we, I think the industry goes through cycles where
someone puts in, you know, a bunch of effort on something and then other people like race
to follow up.
And so we definitely Google put a lot effort into V8 and then we had to race to follow up.
For a while.
And then we've been putting a lot of effort into Spada monkey and I think, you know, Spada
monkey is a really excellent engine.
So I think, you know, and some of the things you're saying are dated, we did remove.
So I don't think like, I don't think, I don't think it's dated now.
I think, you know, I guess I was saying, I think, I think competition here is something.
I think that like, you know, Google drove us to make, to make Spada monkey faster by doing
V8 and we're driving them to make V8 faster by making Spada monkey faster.
And you know, and every time, you know, WebAssembly gets faster because one of us does it,
the other people have to race to catch up.
And that's good for the user to have the system get faster overall.
But there are no plans of re-implementing the JavaScript engine in Rust to make it even
more parallel.
No, not really.
So I think like, I mean, it's still written in C++ at the moment, right?
Yeah.
I think so.
I can get back to you on that because I'm saying I don't work on very much.
I think the thing to recognize about that JavaScript is that there really are two, there really
are two performance properties you're interested in.
One is how fast the engine itself runs, the product of the compilation.
And the second is how fast the code that is generated runs.
And so you've got to sort of, and so like, and so they both impact, you know, how fast
the system is.
And one of the big challenges in because the JavaScript engine is so complicated is actually
being able to understand, like, at a high level what the transformation or the compilation
process is doing and optimize the compilation process rather than just optimizing the one
time thing by yourself.
And so a lot of the work we've done on Spider-Monkey, and again, I'm not an expert here, is
to make that compilation process more transparent so that it gives us more opportunities to
optimize the output.
Excellent.
Awesome.
Yes, we talked about the browser and corporation.
So we should also give the foundation some context.
How do they, the two work together and, I guess, how important is the foundation going
forward with the, let's say, the, the mud, the Firefox usage declining, right?
It's unfortunately, whereas, so how much is the importance of foundation to make people
aware of, you know, as Chris mentioned, you know, all the, that's a, that's a, that's
about thousands of crumbs and safaris that, like, many, many of your data, for other purposes.
So some of these, is that part of the role to create awareness, is it part of the role
to make it more secure, how does that work with the corporation, right?
But if you would see that in case.
Yeah.
So I'm, first I should say, I work for the corporation, not the foundation.
So anything I say we sort of, sort of like, from a, from a slight remove, you know, well,
the rise to the foundation doing is a, what's often called civil society work, which is,
you know, trying to use the platform of being Mozilla and the resources of being Mozilla
to talk to people, you know, in the world about, like, technology and about how technology
would develop well.
And so certainly there's alignment in terms of, like, they think that having, like, a
good Firefox is important.
And so, like, they, we don't agree on that matter, but, and so I think, you know, that there's
some cooperation there.
But, well, I, so, like, much, so I give you an example of something that they've done
recently.
They do this privacy, not included guide where they look at products and they look at
their privacy, privacy practices.
And they say, well, these products are, like, good, these products are bad.
And they, I'm just looking at their site, they just, we did one on these mental health
apps.
And so I think, you know, that's an example where, of real values alignment, where, you
know, we all think they're, we all, we all think the privacy is very important value for
users and for people.
And so, you know, we, the way the missile corporation does that is largely through products
and the way that, that the foundation does this largely through advocacy.
And we, we also cooperate on those matters, especially when something needs to be
technical needs to be looked at where some of that, some of that, you know, capability,
maybe, maybe the corporation around the foundation.
But I think, I think I see this as complimentary where, you know, if you want to change the
world, you can't just do one thing.
And so, you know, we're trying to change the world by making a product that is better
for people and the influences the market and they're trying to change the world by helping
set the terms of public debate and engagement to understand why it's so important to have
those changes met.
Okay.
I know it's, it's wider than just, you know, that, that browsers and internet, do you see
each one?
Absolutely.
Yeah.
No, it's some, it's, you know, you know, it's about, you know, I, I, I, I, I, I, I, I,
I can just honor this by my memory, but, you know, it's about data, about AI, it's
about connectivity and places that don't have connectivity.
I think it, I think that they're, you know, they have a very broad kind of view of like
trying to make the internet the web app.
I mean, you see this when you take a look at the website, it's a big bit of judgment.
It's a proper 501c3 month that reminds me, we must do one of these, we must do an episode
on the, on the, on the, on the non, on the non-perfects.
So we have some, some, some to question about this recently.
Yes, indeed, Martin, and if you want to take the day off, sorry, not know, I'm just
never afraid.
Okay.
If I take a look at the, at the foundation website, I see things like web monetization
and other interesting projects come to mind that are way beyond the scope of the cooperation
never mind the project, I suppose.
Yeah, I guess, right?
I guess, right?
Okay.
Okay.
Care to elaborate on this in terms of, okay, you're not working for the definition.
I get it.
But the, the reason why I'm kind of going down that rabbit hole, essentially, where is
Firefox going, not just from a cooperation perspective, but also from a foundation perspective.
Ah, thanks.
That helps understand the question you're asking.
I mean, so I think web monetization is an interesting case.
I mean, it's probably useful to step back and talk about like the problem of the monetization
web in general.
Exactly.
We should probably first explain what web monetization is in a foundation perspective.
Yeah.
From a, from a foundation perspective.
Well, let's talk about like, let's see if there's that further back in that and talk
about the way how the web is, it's fun.
Right?
So right now, the web is largely funded by Africans and, you know, for instance, but not
just Google.
And so, you know, so you know, you want to do, you want to do a site and, you know, and
maybe you can sell a self stack, but like maybe not.
And what you probably do is you like sell some ads on your site, right?
And then, you know, that, those ads are sold by typically connecting with some ad network.
So as you say, Google runs one with the others.
And, you know, those ads, you know, and people don't like seeing ads.
That's like, forget about that for a moment.
They ads like powered by like ubiquitous surveillance, like everybody on the internet
and everything they're doing, which is bad.
I'm going to come in so much.
And the ads like, and like people like seeing ads either, right?
And so the question is, is there some way to fund, but on their hand, they like having
the web, you know?
And so is there some way to have the web without the ads or is that the tracking?
And so there's been a lot of interesting work over, you know, the past 10, 20 years about
like, is there some way to like people to monetize producing content on the web that doesn't
involve, you know, it doesn't involve it again.
And so if you're like, and so there's, and so like, if you're big, if you're like big,
in fact, your times or the Washington Post, you can sell subscription or your Netflix,
right?
And if you're like tiny, you don't maybe keep on the money, maybe you don't like,
you know, maybe you don't care, right?
And, but if you like, if you want to like make, if you're medium sized, then it's actually
a problem for you.
And so there's been a bunch of interesting work, as I said, over other ways in which
people can directly pay for content or indirectly, perhaps, rather than pay for it by watching
the ads, right?
And so that's, that's the space in which money, the realization work sort of comes into.
And I think it's one angle on, on this, on this problem, which is basically micro-pays,
right?
And which is to say, you know, when I want to read this article on, you know, on, on
wire, I pay them a penny, right?
Instead of paying, it's not even by a subscription to wire, that kind of penny to do it, right?
And so, you know, I think there've been a bunch of reasons why historically, the micro-pays
haven't taken off some of which are like, skeptical, some which are social.
And I think it's like a little hard to know, frankly, whether or not, whether this version
will take off.
But I, so, but like, as far as I can tell, what monetization is, you know, is a put on,
can we try to like, really attack the, the micro-pays problem for the web?
And so, what I see them doing, and again, like, this is not me, but I, I sort of familiar
with it.
What I see them doing is, you know, is trying to like, plan a bunch of seeds.
And see if any of the seeds take, see that, see the seeds spread.
And I think that's like, probably, I think, you know, we, no one knows it's going to work
here.
So, trying a lot of things is probably a pretty good idea.
Going forward.
Where do you see this going?
Well, I think, you know, I guess, I guess, I guess, I guess, so I think like, there's
like, again, there's Firefox in the foundation.
I guess, well, I think the best case scenario for this would be, the wind scenario would
be that the foundations work, and this grant program gets the point where it's pretty clear
there's one angle it's going to work.
And then, and then with that, that angle is going to work, then it's something that browsers
could start looking at, you know, actually, actually cooperating.
We've been a bit hesitant in the past to try to take like, take a flyer and individual
things, because like, the cost to us of doing anything new is like, really high.
And like, I don't know if I've worked on a product like a browser, but one of the things
about a browser is that like, people accept that as a change.
And so if we were to like add, you know, a particular web organization API today, then
if we took it out in like six months, people are really mad at us.
And so, you know, I think work quite, work quite cautious about what we put in as like
browser APIs, but I think the good outcome, a positive outcome would be that this work
creates critical mass for one system.
And then that system is something we don't want with the update.
So at least that has been more than insightful, totally speculating now, if I take a look
at history, I thought I was starting already, no, sorry, no, let me do some speculating
for a game.
Okay.
Okay.
If I take a look at history, as we all know, history tends to repeat itself left, right,
and tend to when Microsoft developed something on Internet Explorer, some of the key components
were actually part of the operating system that allowed Internet Explorer to be to have
very short startup times because most of the stuff was up and running already.
Now, if I take a look at something called Chrome, where it's with a browser called Chrome,
pretty much what is up on, but up on, up on kind of login as in the boot up, you boot
up the, the operating system, which is a minimal in external.
And before you know it, Chrome is up and running, this is full circle, more or less.
Now the very tentative, the visionary question I have, not tentative, but rather visionary.
The visionary question I have for you, Eric, where do you see the browser in 10 years
time?
Never mind, mobile or not.
I think I like to think of myself as a pragmatist.
And so I think, you know, maybe we're going to see radical changes, but this is a pretty
mature product that has, you know, has not changed appreciably in 10 years from a, you
know, from like a, from like a sort of overall perspective, but it's gotten as much faster
and more capable.
But like the sort of general shape of the browser is like unchanged.
So you know, we actually published a document, maybe two, more than a half ago, that was
called, like, we had the grandiose title, like, Mizzila's vision for the web that I think
covers a lot of material.
It's, you know, you know, I've been talking about in this conversation, but I think what
we sort of think is actually the browser is like pretty good, but that the web is kind
of going off the rails.
And that, um, and that, you know, the browser's job is to largely bring the web back on
the rails.
And so we could talk, you know, I'm talking about a few of the things here, like the ubiquitous
surveillance of power is advertising.
Something we haven't talked so much about is the, the concentration of data and authority
and a very small number of companies in a way that is actually quite hard for you to
like get out, the, um, you know, how difficult it's become as an individual to, you know,
to publish your own data without going through one of those silos.
Um, so I think those are things that like that we need to repair, but I think they're like
what, I think, and the browser plays an important role in those in terms of building the technical
foundations for making that possible, um, and for encouraging those things to happen.
But I think almost like, like, I want to have the bigger question of like, where can the
web go? And when I like the web, the web to go is in a much more kind of democratic and,
you know, what based kind of, uh, situation that we're seeing now.
That nicely brings us to the boxes, Martin, unless you have to add something or you want
to add something or other?
What, yeah, I mean, this is a bit for, um, more, more philosophical, okay, Martin, go
ahead. Go ahead. No, I want to go back. Let's go.
Let's go. Let's go. We have another two hours. So that's, so that's, I'm going right ahead.
So, um, for my users perspective, what do you see as a major improvement coming in the next
year? I mean, we've seen the tabs that obviously get something that's just been widely used
and we've seen profiles that are, uh, moveable between devices and such.
Do you see any other big development that's going to make users life easier, uh, on your horizon?
I think it's a little too early to say, honestly. Um, that's fair.
As long as if you have, I guess, I guess, why would I, I don't think we're there.
I don't think we're there yet. I think what I would, well, I would tease here as I would say
that there's a real consciousness that it's gotten harder and harder and the number of sites
and the number of things people are especially doing the web has gotten harder and harder to manage.
And that, you know, how, and like that the solution is not like to have a bazillion tabs
and have them like in a giant tree. Um, and that we should do something about that.
I'm serious. Um, we should do something about that. But like, I think that the exact answer
that is, uh, DVD, DVD. Okay. Not even deep speech or other, some a cool, uh, stuff comes up,
comes up. Um, well, I think, okay, I think that's, you know, that's interesting.
I'm sorry, Fullister, I'm normally the one to ask controversial questions.
Yeah. Yeah. Yeah. I'm just saying. Yeah. Yeah.
I guess, I think, you know, I think speech is just trying to find a niche.
Like, obviously, we see a lot of speech-based applications like Siri and Assistant.
But, you know, I think people kind of thought they're going to have the Star Trek computer
and they don't. Um, and there's still a lot of people using the mask in the windows.
And, um, so I think, you know, I think that, that feels like, I think, especially on, you know,
the desktop, you know, so Firefox, like we have a global browser,
which like has a front-end users, but like Firefox is like, still like,
permanently desktop product. And I think in a desktop product, it's a little hard to understand
right now where speech fits it, right? And it's understand on a mobile product,
it kind of makes, I think there's a lot more like people like, okay, you know,
Siri, take me to, you know, you know, Siri, take me to Starbucks or whatever.
But I think, you know, I just start product, people are sitting in front of the, in front of the
product. And so, I'm certainly not saying there's no role for speech. I'm saying that we need
to figure out what that role for speech is because they, right now, it kind of feels like it's an
afterthought. So what interface in terms of having a browser, never mind, a smartphone,
directly tied into your nervous system, sits on way down to go?
That's what I'm hoping for is the nervous system thing.
Okay. Okay, Eric, we, we, at the end of the show, we sometimes, or most of the time,
actually do something called the boxes, which stands for pick off the week. So anything goes
something, Martin normally does, does, Martin, what do you normally do?
I don't have a name. Be movies, right? Like, like, especially for you.
I normally do a movies, like the stuff you think about. No joke aside.
No, but anything goes. On the, on the episode where we had the, the, the electronic
furniture foundation of Georgia on the, on the show, I, basically, my box was, it was the,
the founding fathers of the US, basically who wrote, who wrote the constitution. So really,
anything goes, it's, it's, it's, it refers to something that has come across your path recently,
as within the last 100 years or something, we normally take a fortnight of the count,
but it's worth mentioning. So anything goes, really. Eric, go ahead.
Sure. Well, I will take a moment to pitch this science commissioner author's name is Peter Watts,
W-A-T-T-S. And he's amazing book called Blindsight, which I don't even know where to start.
It's about vampires and about incomprehensible aliens and the nature of consciousness
and whether the future needs this or not. And it's brilliant, incredibly depressing,
but it's brilliant. And so I read a lot of science fiction. If you ask me to read, and I tell
me to read Peter Watts. Okay, but you're not talking about the Senate now. You're talking about some
fictitious entity. I'm joking. It is fictitious, yeah. How would you compare it to all these
science fiction sources kind of with stylized stuff? So it's like, it's very hard science fiction,
Watts is actually a biologist. And so like, there's like footnotes at the end of the book that
describe, you know, the scribe audience talking about. It's not an easy read because he really like,
he really wants to talk about, you know, it's, it's like, he wants to explore these issues,
he wants to explore, I'm serious about like the nature of consciousness. And one of the big Watts
themes is like his consciousness adaptive or is it just like a bugging your system? And should we
get rid of it? So it's good stuff. I'm going to say it's really depressing, but it's good stuff.
Yes, your pox. Yes, of course. Yes. So my fox is the, well, it's not so much the
fox's confidence I went to, but more the fact that we don't know. Here we go again. Post
clips. So talking to the mid-person, which is, it's been a long time. None COVID, I see. Okay,
go ahead. Go run it. No COVID in person. Yes. Can we expect some YouTube clips or something about
the event? Maybe even about the after show? Okay, go something. Okay, but then I have to use YouTube,
which links me. I'll be in the show. No, it's people you never know.
What about you, sir? It's probably fair. I guess they say they won't be in the show.
Yes. My pox is actually something called the
mix of assets. No? Yes, it's the Mozilla Foundation made, came up with a Mozilla
Money Festo that contains principles and pledges. And these 10 principles basically lay out
what is important for humankind in the internet context. And it's 10 principles,
links of course, in contrast to Martin Shenanigans will be the show notes. And the one that really
struck me as probably bringing the most important principle is actually the second principle.
And let me quote this. The internet is a global public resource that must remain open and accessible.
And why is that important? Because that basically treats the internet like a basic utility,
like water, energy, you have it, and maybe even free speech and freedom in general.
This is a core principle. The second thing that comes to mind is principle number seven.
Free and open source software promotes the development of the internet as a public resource that
goes hand in hand. What this actually says as in the culmination is that open source drives the
internet and does fastest innovation. There's a couple of interesting pledges, you tell the
woman the show notes, but there's my pox for the week. Eric, I would like to thank you for being
the show. That has been more than interesting. Let's put it this way. And keep up the good work.
Thank you, great talking to you. This is the Linux in-laws. You come for the knowledge,
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